training and its types

2. The act of increasing the skills of an employee for
doing a particular job, and thus it’s a process of
learning a sequence of programmed behaviour to do
that particular job.
“The systematic acquisition of attitudes, concepts, knowledge,
roles, or skills, that result in improved performance at work.”

3. Types of the Training
On the Job
Training
Off the Job
Training

4. On the Job Training
It refers to the new or experienced employee learning
through peer or managers performing the job and try to
intimate their behavior.

5. Methods of On the Job Training
 Coaching
 Mentoring
 Job Rotation
Induction training
Apprenticeship training

6. COACHING
 It is one to one interaction.
 Considered as corrective measure for inadequate
performance.
 Helps in identifying weakness and focus on area
which needs Improvement.

7. MENTORING
 Mentoring focus on attitude development.
 Conducted for management level employee.
 Mentoring is done by someone in the company.
 It is one to one interaction.
 It helps in identifying weakness and focus on area which
needs Improvement.

10. Advantages of on the Job Training
 Generally more cost effective.
 Less disruptive to the business i.e. employee are not away from
work.
 Training with equipment they are familiar with and people they
know can help them.
 Gain direct experience to a standard approved by the employer.
 On the Job training is also productive, as the employee is still
working as they are learning.

11. Off- the-Job Training Method
• Trainee is accepted from the job environment.
• Take place at training agency or local college training centers.
• Study materials.
• Full concentrate on learning rather than performing.
• Freedom of expression.

12. Types of Off-the-Job Training Method
 Vestibule Training
 Management Games
 Role Playing
 Films
 Lecture Method
 Outbound Training.

13. Vestibule Training
 Actual work condition are simulated
Materials, files and equipments are used
 Duration ranges from few days to few weeks
Theory can be related to practice here

14. Advantages
Training become more reality based
 Directly apply to the Jobs.
Increases the chance of retention
Prevent trainees from making costly mistake or damaging the
equipment.
Allow instructor to give more personalized to the learners
Disadvantages
Time consuming
Expensive
Trainer has to be very skilled
The has to be elaborate setup for the same

15. Management Games
 To improve decision making and analytical skills.
 To improve awareness of the need to make decision lacking
complete information.
 To develop an understanding of the interrelationship.
 To develop the ability the function cooperatively and
effectively in a small group situation.

17. Types of Management Games
 Executive Game are general management games and cover all
function all areas (like planning, decision making, etc.) of the
business and their dynamics . Executive games are designed to
train general executives.
 Functional Games, on the other hand focus on middle
management decision and emphasize particular function
areas(like marketing of HR) of the firm.

18. Role Playing
 Is the method of Interaction that involves realistic behavior in
imaginary situations.
Benefit of the Role Playing
 Developing interpersonal skill and Communication skill
 Conflict resolution
 Group decision making
 Developing insight into one’s own behavior and its impact on
others.

19. Types of Role Playing
 Single Role Playing
 Multiple Role Playing
 Role Rotation

20. Audio Visual Technique
 Content for training experience comes primary from a video
tape or computer-based program
 Interest of the audience can be maintained by the showing
them audio visual
 Easy to handle and explain
 Provide a lot of content to talk about.

21. Advantages
 Easy to train and trainer can follow up with question
and discussion
 Assured to provide same information to all the
trainees.
Disadvantages
 Expensive to develop
 Such type of training has to be outsourced which may
make the training less content specific.

22. Outbound Training
 Outdoor and action-oriented program through experiential
learning.
 Develop leadership, Teamwork and risk taking abilities.
 Interesting as compared to classroom learning.
 Conducted by professional who are very cooperative.

24. Advantages
 Trainees can immediately see the consequence of wrong action.
 Materialistically enhance their thinking and learning.
Disadvantages
 Work time has to be allotted for it.
 Interest of their participant is required.

25. Lecture Method
 Lecture is traditional and direct method of interaction.
 It is a verbal presentation of information by an instructor to large
audience.
 The Lecture must motivate and create interest among the trainee
in order to become effective.
 It is presumed to possess a considerable depth of knowledge of
subject at hand.
 This method is used mainly in college and universities.

27. Advantages
 Less time required for preparation
 Provide lots of information quickly
Cost per trainees is very low.
Disadvantages
 Do not involve trainee too much
 Trainees may forget the teaching as it is presented only
orally.

28. Few Other Methods
In-Basket Exercise
Also known as In-tray method of training.
The Trainee is presented with a pack of papers and files in a tray
containing administrative problem & is asked to take decision on
these problem and are asked to take decision on these with in a
stipulated time.
The decision taken by the trainees are compared with one another.
The trainees are provide feedback on their performance.

30.  Usually short structured learning experience where individuals
learn by doing.
For instance, rather than talking about inter-personal conflict and
how to deal with them.
An experiential exercise could be used to create a conflict
situation where employees to have experience a conflict
personally & work out its solutions.
Experiential Exercise

31. Cont…
Case study
 Present an in depth description of a particular problem an
employee might encounter on the job.
The employee attempt to find and analyze the problem evaluate
courses of action & decide what course of an action would be most
satisfactory .

32.  Providing training to employees through Intranet or Internet.
 CBT does not require face-to-face interaction with a human
trainer.

33. Benefits of CBT Training

34. Advantages
 Learn from specialist in that area of work who can provide more in depth
study.
 Can more easily deal with group of workers at the same time.
 Employee response better when taken away from pressure of working
environment .
 Worker may be able to obtain qualification or certificates.
Off the Job Method

35. Disadvantages
 The trainers should have specialized skill and knowledge to train.
 The Trainer may not be given much time to spend with the
employees to teach them properly.
 The Trainer may posses bad habits and pass these on to the
trainee.