of all the ways we see animals are producing toxicity in humans, we can also observe the other aspect of this issue that such toxicity is arising all due to the human negligence. the only way to enjoy full nourishment from foods of animal origin is to STOP BEING NEGLECTING towards other species on earth.

1. TOXICITY FROM FOOD OF
ANIMAL ORIGIN
Ms.Rabia Shabbir
Nutritional Psychologist

2. CONTENTS
 Toxic intrinsic factors in animal origin food
 Toxicity from
 Honey
 Quail
 Raw eggs
 Milk
 Poultry
 Beef and mutton
 Fish
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3. NATURAL TOXINS IN FOODS
FROM ANIMAL ORIGIN
1. BACTERIAL TOXINS
2. EDIBLE ALGAE TOXINS
3. MYCOTOXINS
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4. BACTERIAL TOXINS
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5. EDIBLE ALGAE TOXINS
 The most common toxicity from edible algae is
heavy metals toxicity.
 As microalgae are capable of accumulating heavy
metal ions by biosorption, traces of heavy metals
may be found in algal food products.
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6. FACTSABOUTHEAVYMETALCONSUMPTION
According to WHO/FAO guidelines,
an adult person of 60 kg body weight
should not incorporate more than
 0.3mg of mercury
 0.5 mg of cadmium
 3 mg of lead
 20 mg of arsenic per week
from beverages and foods
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7. MYCOTOXINS
 Milk and dairy products, poultry, eggs, tissues of
animal origin food can contain aflatoxins, whose
toxicity was first reported in 1960s by consumption
of milk.
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8. TOXICITY
FROM
HONEY
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9.  Honey bees can gather toxic chemicals while feeding on some
toxic plants
 Such substances may not have adverse effects on the bees
consuming them
 Honey produced from the nectar of Rhododendron ponticum
(also called as Azalae pontica) contains alkaloids that are
poisonous to humans.
 Honey from the nectar of Andromeda flowers contain
grayanotoxins that are notorious in causing “mad honey
disease” or “grayanotoxins poisoning”
 Mad honey disease is characterized by bradycardia,
cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, nausea, vomiting,
dizziness, convulsions.
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10.  Bee nectar from Datura plants, belladona flowers and
oleander also cause honey toxicity.
 Toxicity can also result when inexperienced workers gather
honey from wild bees and sale it.
 A compound not naturally present in honey, named 5-
hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), may be formed during the
heating or preservation processes of honey.
 HMF is a compound that may be mutagenic, carcinogenic and
cytotoxic
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11. TOXICITY
FROM
QUAIL
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12.  Scientifically known as Coturnix coturnix
 Toxicity- COTURNISM
 It includes muscle tenderness even muscle breakdown, limb
paralysis, nausea and vomiting, discoloration of urine, cardiac
and kidney failure, even death.
 Quail is a migratory bird and can accumulate poisonous
plants like Hamlock and Halloborus.
 Such plants have connine alkaloids that is fatal at level of
100mg in humans.
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14.  AVIDIN- a protein present in raw egg white, that forms a
stable complex with biotic in human GIT, making it
biologically inactive.
 Also impairs the mechanism of B-complex vitamins
 20 raw eggs/week for several days can produce biotin
avitaminosis which causes fatigue, depression, nausea,
dermatitis, muscular pains.
 Avidin is destroyed on heating. So, fried/boiled eggs doesn’t
cause such toxicity
 Another protein called “CONALBUMIN” is also present in
raw egg white which isolates metallic contaminants such as
iron and copper in egg white
 Salmonella bacterium can also be present on shells of raw
eggs whose consumption can cause abdominal cramps,
diarrhea, nausea, headache.
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15. TOXICITY FROM
MILK
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16.  Cows feeding on kale and other cruciferous plants secrete
goitrogens in milk.
 Aflatoxin is one of the mycotoxin that have been reported as
carcinogenic-found in dairy products, especially when cow
feeds on moulds.
 Pesticides spray can also cause milk toxicity when a cow
feeds on such ration.
 Similarly, when a vet prescribes antibiotics to animal for
treating any ailment, that can also produce adverse effects on
consumers.
 Estrogens., the female sex hormones, have also been
reported in milk of cow in advancing days of pregnancy. a
pregnant cow contains 33x more estrogens than a non-
pregnant cow.
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17.  Bovine somatotropin (BST), is bovine growth hormone in
cattle. Sometimes, BGH injections are given to cow to increase
its milk production. It can cause Mastitis (inflammation of
breast tissues) of cow.
 For treatment of mastitis, cows are given lots of antibiotics
that cause serious adverse effects on consumers including
breast cancer, colon cancer, hormonal imbalance and prostate
problems in humans.
 BGH injection induces the release of Insulin growth factor-1
(IGF-1) in milk that is resistant to pasteurization temperature
and also, to GIT enzymes of humans, leading to various forms
of cancers.
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18.  Oxytoxin injections to the cow and buffaloes can disturb
the levels of cholesterol and proteins in milk (more cholesterol
in early milk ejection stage, more protein in later milk ejection
stage).
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19. TOXICITY
FROM
POULTRY
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20.  Poultry feed consists of cereals, grains, legumes, salts,
vitamins, drugs etc.
 Poultry rations are usually comprised of poultry waste
including skin, feather, blood, bones, egg shells, intestine,
hatchery wastes.
 Antibiotics such as erythromycin, gentamycin, oxytetracycline
are excessively used for poultry treatment.
 Such consumption causes destruction of healthy gut bacteria
of humans and also cause allergic reactions.
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21. TOXICITY
FROM BEEF
& MUTTON
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22.  Beef cattle, sheep, goats are grazed in fields.
 Infection of cattle by Taenia saginata, known as beef
tapeworm occurs by grazing in fields.
 it can cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anemia, lethargy and
loss of appetite among consumers.
 MAD COW DISEASE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy
BSE) is caused when cattle are fed by inappropriate meats and
bones from scrap. It is most common in Britain.
 TRANSPORTATION COMTAMINATION through hand cart,
bicycle, donkey cart, tonga, rickshaw in Pakistan is quite
common.
 In shops, meat is kept open where it acquires various
environmental contaminants.
 Meat must be kept in refrigeration and be transported
through same.
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23. TOXICITY FROM FISH
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24.  Most common source of toxicity in humans
 Fish poisoning (tetrodotoxism) occurs mostly in China &
Japan where puffer fishes are consumed.
 This poison is mainly found in liver, intestine, ovaries and
skin of puffer fish.
 s/s include tingling sensation of lips, tongue and cheeks.
Later, it can be complicated with weakness, muscle paralysis,
hypotension, tachycardia, respiratory failure and death.
 Some species of shell fish produce an intrinsic poison.
 Consumption of Red Whelk produces tetramine that cause
nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weakness, dizziness, photophobia,
mouth dryness.
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25.  Industrial wastes, oil spills from consignments also cause
damage to sea life and the consumers as well.
 Methylmercury, gasoline, coal, lead are included among such
wastes.
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