Tourism is a major industry in Tanzania, accounting for 16% of GDP. However, there are disparities between tourist and non-tourist areas. Tourist areas like Arusha have more infrastructure like roads and electricity, better health and education facilities, and more employment opportunities. Cultural tourism programs in Arusha villages provide funds for schools and clinics. In contrast, isolated non-tourist areas like Kigoma have fewer resources and amenities. While tourism provides benefits, it can also negatively impact local culture and increase inequality between areas.

1. TOURISM IN TANZANIA
DISPARITIES IN DEVELOPMENT
TOURIST AND NON TOURIST AREAS

2. WHAT IS TANZANIA’S
TOURIST INDUSTRY?
SOME FACTS:
• Every year over 600,000 visitors arrive.
• 150,000 Tanzanians are employed in the
industry.
• Accounts for 16% of GDP.
• Safari’s account for 80% of tourist activities –
with 12 national parks (25% of Tanzania’s land is protected).
• Income rose from US$65 million in 1990 to $750
million in 2002.
• Domestic tourism is increasing slowly.
• Arusha, Dar Es Salaam and Zanzibar are the
most common destinations for Tourists.

3. What are the attractions?
Both natural ….
Hot air ballooning over the Serengeti Wildlife in the national parks.
National Park.
Tropical beaches along the coast.

4. What are the attractions?
And to a lesser extent
cultural…
Architecture is a popular
attraction in the coastal urban
centres. Modern and historic
mosques make great photos.
Maasai are a popular attraction for tourists

5. Tourism and people…
There are some disparities found between tourist and non-
tourist areas. These disparities are not as obvious as
others… however, as the tourism industry grows, so to
will the disparities.
CASE STUDY AREAS ARE:
TOURIST AREAS =
Arusha (gateway town to national
Parks) and Zanzibar Island.
NON TOURIST AREAS =
Kigoma and Shinyanga
(rural, isolated farming areas) Can you find these
areas on the map?

6. What disparities can we see?
LETS COMPARE A VILLAGE IN KIGOMA AND VILLAGE
NEAR ARUSHA
KIGOMA (Chankele) ARUSHA (Longido)
1 main dirt road 1 sealed road
Houses mud and thatch Houses concrete and iron
100 students per class 50 students per class
Dispensary has 1 nurse Dispensary with 1 doctor
1 hospital in region and 2 nurses
No electricity – use wood Electricity and Phonelines
in the village
Tourism is not the only reason for the disparities BUT it
does increase/widen the differences… tourist areas have
advantages!

7. ADVANTAGES OF TOURISM:
• Tourist’s pay US$30 - $100 per day to
visit parks. A portion of this funding is
used to help nearby communities – to
encourage them to support the
conservation of wildlife.
• Schools, small hospitals are all being
upgraded in the region using money
from tourism.
Areas without national parks
do not receive the same support.

8. ADVANTAGES OF TOURISM:
ARUSHA HAS MANY
CULTURAL TOURISM
PROGRAMMES…
These programme are found in
many villages in the Arusha These classrooms at Londigo village
area. were built with programme funds.
• Tourists pay a fee ($25 -
$100) to visit villages and
learn about their daily life –
food preparation, medicines,
crafts, housing, farming, etc.
• All proceeds go to the
community and is used to
build schools, improve
water/sanitation facilities, run The guide shows tourists the homes
the dispensary, etc. of the local villagers.

9. ADVANTAGES OF TOURISM:
• Villages with the cultural
tourism programme
have a higher standard
of living – access to
more resources.
• However, places like
KIGOMA/SHINYANGA
do not have tourists as This is a tourist shop
too isolated and near Arusha. This type of shop
therefore do not benefit is not found in isolated rural
from these cultural areas like Kigoma.
programmes.

10. ADVANTAGES OF TOURISM:
INFRASTRUCTURE
Arusha’s roading
network is much more
developed than
Kigoma’s.
Roads in Arusha are being upgraded.
Higher % of people in
Arusha have access to
power and phone
facilities.
Power lines are found at even budget lodges
in and around the national parks. Local
residents can use the electricity grid.

11. ADVANTAGES OF TOURISM:
EMPLOYMENT
• Tertiary employment
opportunities are available
where tourists are found.
This shopping centre (The
This Maasai tourist market sells 100’s
of handicraft everyday. Artists/carvers
Slipway) for tourists offers
benefit from the relatively high prices retail, restaurant, travel,
paid by tourists.
transport jobs for over 300
people.
Kigoma/Shinyanga don’t have
these employment opportunities.

12. DISADVANTAGES OF TOURISM:
Tourists do create some problems in Tanzania –
Tourists can affect the culture they interact with (e.g.
Maasai now wanting western material goods such
children eating sweets, but don’t use toothpaste =
increased tooth decay).
Competition for tourist money / jobs in major centres
can cause conflict and jealously.
The largest portion of tourism income is focused on
improving tourism services – not the local community.
Many of the tourism companies are owned by foreign
owners, and profits don’t always stay in Tanzania.
Reliance on industry makes it vulnerable (e.g.
Terrorism - USA Embassy was bombed in Dar Es
Salaam).

13. Ranking Kigoma and Arusha
In 1999 all 20 regions of Tanzania were ranked from most
deprived (1) to least deprived (20) by the government.
Here is where Arusha and Kigoma ranked. * = Infant mortality rate,
Life expectancy and
Death rate.
• KIGOMA REGION • ARUSHA REGION
GDP per Capita = 2 GDP per Capita = 18
Literacy rate = 4 Literacy rate = 15
Health status* = 4 Health status* = 17
Nutrition level = 15 Nutrition level = 14
What indicator does not fit the picture? Why would
Kigoma’s nutrition level be high?

14. FINAL IMAGES –
A popular Safari attraction –
the lion kill! Interesting signage – on more
than one level!
Coastal
villages on
Zanzibar
Island are
popular
with
visitors

15. Only one
Wildebeest on
this Safari!
Wildlife in Tanzania is easy to view
due to the wide open grassland
spaces. This makes it popular with
film crews and wildlife spotters.
Big and
small, rare
and
abundant!