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Similar to topics for revision OCR B Geography
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topics for revision OCR B Geography
- 1. Economic Development What is development? Topic Red Amber Green I know why GDP is used a measure of development I know that GDP Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is a more representative indicator of wealth I know that other factors (as well as GDP) should be considered when assessing development I know that HDI incorporates GDP along with life expectancy and educational attainment I know that the Brandt line is a useful starting point for considering levels of development I know that the concepts of a north-south divide is outdated I know that countries move through different stages of development I know that there is a wide gap between the least developed countries and the most developed Case study: I know about a specific development where conflicts exist between economic development and environmental damage How can development be affected by aid? Topic Red Amber Green I know that aid can take many different forms I know that a range of different organisations offer aid I know that to be successful, aid projects must be sustainable Economic costs, the impact on the environment and the impact on people are all important factors to consider when shaping sustainable aid projects I know that the Brandt line is a useful starting point for considering levels of development The most effective aid projects involve those receiving the aid in terms of planning and implementation Case study: I know about an aid project in a LEDC: How the aid project addresses a specific problem. This might be a consequence of a disaster or as part of a development programme The case study should include detail on which organisations are providing the aid and how the aid project is undertaken The case study should include detail on how sustainable the project will be
- 2. How employment isstructured and what influences location Topic Red Amber Green I know a definition of each of the 4 broad sectors of industry I know that countries at different levels of development have different employment structures I know examples of the employment structure of a range of countries from LDCs through to MEDCs I know the difference between jobs in the formal and informal sector I know that employment structures change over time I know that high technology has created a new sector of industry. This tends to be found in MEDCs I know that a range of factors influence the location of economic activity I know at least one example of each industry type and why it locates where it does Case study: I know about an industry in an LEDC I know about an industry in an MEDC What are multinationals and what impact do they have? Topic Red Amber Green I know what a multinational company is I know the part these companies play in globalisation I know selected examples of multinational companies I know areas of the world where MNCs locate outside of their home country I know a range of positive impacts that MNCs bring when they locate in a new country I know a range of negative impacts that MNCs bring when they locate in a new country I know that multinational companies have their home base and headquarters in MEDCs Case study I know about an MNC in an international context
- 3. Rivers and Coasts Rivers Topic Red Amber Green I know all the stores and flows in the hydrological cycle I understand how water flows through the land to rivers in the drainage basin system I know the main processes of weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition and how these are found in rivers I understand how the features along the river are formed Case study: I know the name of a river valley and the landforms within it Flooding Topic Red Amber Green I understand the different causes of flooding: physical and human I know how the effects of flooding can be different in places with different characteristics I know how rivers can be managed to reduce the risk of flooding sustainably and that some strategies are more sustainable than others Case study: I know the causes and effects of flooding in an MEDC I know that causes and effects of flooding in an LEDC Coasts Topic Red Amber Green I know the main processes found at the coastline: weathering, erosion, transport and deposition I know that geology influences the types of landforms found at the coast I know how cliffs, headlands, caves, arches, stacks, beaches and spits are formed Case study: I know about one area of coast and what landforms are found there
- 4. Protecting the coastline Topic Red Amber Green I know why coastal areas are vulnerable to erosion I understand why coastlines need protection I know how coastal areas are managed using hard engineering techniques I understand how coastal areas can be managed in a sustainable way Case study: I know about an area of coastline that is managed, including: Reasons for protection Measures taken Effects (physical and human) Conflicts
- 5. Natural Hazards Overview Topic Red Amber Green I know how to define a natural hazard I know that different types of natural hazard have specific global distributions I know that the movement of tectonic plates cause earthquakes and volcanoes I know that climatic conditions lead to tropical storms and severe drought The causes and effects of volcanic eruptions Topic Red Amber Green I know that volcanic eruptions can vary in intensity and type I know details about specific volcanoes in LEDCs and MEDCs I know that LEDCs are less well prepared for eruptions. They often rely on aid when they occur I know that MEDCs are well prepared for eruptions, but the damage can still be severe I know a variety of ways in which people can prepare for volcanic eruptions I know that eruptions have economic, social and environmental impacts I know what short-term impacts are I know that a long-term recovery programme is often necessary Case study: I know about a volcanic event in an LEDC I know about a volcanic event in an MEDC The causes and effects of earthquakes Topic Red Amber Green I know that earthquakes can vary in intensity and magnitude I know details about specific earthquakes in LEDCs and MEDCs I know that LEDCs are less well prepared for earthquakes. They often rely on aid when they occur I know that MEDCs are well prepared for earthquakes, but the damage can still be severe I know a variety of ways in which people can prepare for earthquakes I know how countries respond to the immediate effects of an earthquake I know how important it is to plan a long-term recovery
- 6. programme I know whypeople continue to live in areas prone to earthquakes Case study: I know about an earthquake event in an LEDC I know about an earthquake event in an MEDC The causes and effects of drought Topic Red Amber Green I know that drought can be short-lived, but that it can also last for extended periods I know that the severity of the effects of drought is dependent on where it occurs I know the causes of drought I know that LEDCs struggle to cope with severe drought, but that some measures can be taken to reduce the impact I know that MEDCs are experiencing drought on a more regular basis, and that they are beginning to introduce measures to reduce the effects Case study: I know about a drought in an LEDC I know about a drought in an MEDC The causes and effects of tropical storms Topic Red Amber Green I know the physical factors that allow a tropical storm to develop I know that they are seasonal and that the vary in strength I know that they are called different things in different parts of the world I know that the impact of tropical storms is dependent in where they strike I know that MEDCs have well developed warning systems and sophisticated emergency response systems I know that LEDCs have less developed warning systems and their response systems are more limited Case study: I know about a tropical storm in an LEDC I know about a tropical storm in an MEDC