This document discusses the colonial history and independence movements of several Southeast Asian countries. It provides details on when various European powers colonized countries in the region, such as the Dutch colonizing Malaysia in 1641 and Spain colonizing the Philippines in 1560. It then summarizes some of the independence dates for countries in the region, such as Burma gaining independence in 1948 and Malaysia forming in 1963 through a merger of former British territories.

1. Topic 6
Cultural History and Political Influnces

2. 6.1.1 describe the colonist and independence
of the region
• COLONIAL HISTORY OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
• QUESTION
• -DO YOU THINK THERE IS A GOOD REASON FOR ONE COUNTRY TO
TAKE CONTROL OF ANOTHER COUNTRY ?
• -IF SO , UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES DO YO THINK THAT WOULD
JUSTIFIED ?

3. 6.1.1 describe the colonist and independence
of the region
• COLONIALISM
• THE POLICY OR PRACTICE OF ACQUIRING FULL OR PARTIAL POLITICAL
CONTROL OVER ANOTHER COUNTRY , OCCUPYING IT WITH SETTLERS
, AND EXPLOITING IT ECONOMICALLY
• ONE NATION ASSUMES CONTROL OVER THE OTHER
• 1500S-1900S
•
• SOUTHEAST ASIAN COLONIES
• -BRUMA , SINGAPORE , BRUNEI , VIETNAM , LAOS CAMBODIA ,
INDONESIA , PHILIPPINES , EAST TIMOR , THAILAND .

4. 6.1.1 describe the colonist and independence
of the region
• HISTORY OF COLONIAL
• 1641 – MALACCA (THE DUTCH )
• 1560 – THE PHILLIPPPINES (SPAIN)
• 1819 – SINGAPORE (BRITAIN )
• 1913 – BURMA , MALAYA , BORNEO TERRITORIES
• INDOCHINA (FRENCH )
• INDONESIA (DUTCH )
• THE PHILIPPINES (USA – AMERICAN WAR)

5. 6.1.1 independence of the region
• Early in 1948, Burma (now Myanmar) on 4 January
• Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) on 4 FebruaryMalaya, which had been
reoccupied by the British troops in 1945 after the defeat of Japan,
became independent in 1957.
• In 1963 she, along with Sabah (formerly north Borneo), Sarawak and
Singapore formed the Malaysian Federation.
• Laos, one of the three countries comprising Indo-China, had
proclaimed her independence in 1945

6. 6.2.1 REVIEW CHINESE EMPIRES IN CHINA
• Empire of China was a short-lived attempt by statesman and
general Yuan Shikai from late 1915 to early 1916 to
reinstate monarchy in China, with himself as the Hongxian
Government Absolute monarchy
Emperor
• 1915–1916 Hongxian Emperor
Prime Minister
• 1915–1916 Lou Tseng-Tsiang

7. 6.2.1 REVIEW CHINESE EMPIRES IN CHINA
• 1915–1916Empire of China (Yuan
Shikai)
National Protection War
• 1916Death of Yuan Shikai
• 1917Manchu Restoration
• 1917–1922Constitutional Protection
Movement
• 1918–1920Siberian Intervention
• 1919Paris Peace Conference
May Fourth Movement
• 1919–1921Occupation of Outer
Mongolia
• 1920Zhili–Anhui War
• 1920–1921Guangdong–Guangxi War
• 19211st National CPC Congress
• 1922First Zhili–Fengtian War

8. 6.2.2 Discuss Japanese Isolationism
• Isolationism has been defined as:
A policy or doctrine of trying to isolate one's country from the affairs of
other nations by declining to enter into alliances, foreign economic
commitments,, and generally attempting to make one's economy
entirely self-reliant
From 1641 to 1853, the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan enforced a policy
which it called kaikin.
The policy prohibited foreign contact with most outside countries..
The culture of Japan developed with limited influence from the outside
world and had one of the longest stretches of peace in history.

9. 6.2.3 Review Korean Origin
• Koreans are a people of northeastern Asia.
• largely in South Korea and, to a considerably lesser extent, North Korea.
Evidence sugguests that most of their ancestors once lived in Manchuria
and Siberia and were Tungusic and Altaic peoples.
• Genetic distance analyses by both cluster and principal components
models were performed between Koreans and eight other populations on
the basis of 47 alleles controlled by 15 polymorphic loci.
• . Further, the Koreans are more closely related to the Japanese and quite
distant from the Chinese.
• The minority Koreans in China also maintained their genetic identity.

10. Ethnicity and culture of western European
• 6.3Western European Ethnicity
• The Europe West region is a broad expanse stretching from Amsterdam's sea-
level metropolis to the majestic peaks of the Alps.
• Geographically dominated by France in the west and Germany in the east, it
includes several nations with distinct cultural identities.
• Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization, Occidental
culture, the Western world, Western society, European civilization, or Judeo-
Greco-Christian civilization
• The term also applies beyond Europe, to countries and cultures
whose histories are strongly connected to Europe by immigration, colonization, or
influence.
• Western culture is characterized by a host of artistic, philosophic, literary
and legal themes and traditions; the heritage
of Greek, Roman, Jewish,[3]Germanic, Celtic, Slavicand other ethnic and linguistic

11. Ethnicity and culture of Mediterranean
European
The culture of Europe is rooted in the art, architecture, music,
literature, and philosophy that originated from the European cultural
region.
European culture is largely rooted in what is often referred to as its
"common cultural heritage".
• The ethnic groups in Europe are the focus of European ethnology, the
field of anthropology related to the various ethnic groups that reside
in the nations of Europe
• The total number of national or linguistic minority populations in
Europe is estimated at 105 million people, or 14% of 770 million
Europeans

12. Ethnicity and culture of East Central European
• Ethnic diversity in the region can be traced back to Slavic settlement
in the early medieval period, which affected every part of east central
Europe except the Baltic with its Estonian and Baltic
(Latvian, Lithuanian and Baltic Prussian) populations
• Culture and History of East-Central Europe, also known as Kroužek,
creates a wide community of scholars whose work advances the
understanding of the region in all of its aspects, from high politics to
everyday life.

13. Native Americans in North America countries
• A minority of Native Americans live in land units
calledIndian reservations. Some California and Southwesterntribes,
such as the Kumeyaay, Cocopa, Pascua Yaqui and Apache, span both
sides of the US–Mexican border
• In the United States, Native Americans (also known as American
Indians, Indigenous Americans or simply Indians; see §Terminology
differences) are people who belong to one of the over 500
distinct Native American tribes that survive intact today as partially
sovereign nationswithin the country's modern boundaries

14. Country Name of Settlement
Present-Day Location
Year First Settled
Spain St. Augustine
Florida
1565
England Jamestown Virginia 1607
France Quebec Canada 1608
Holland New Amsterdam New York 1624
Sweden New Sweden New Jersey 1638
European settlers in north America countries