This document discusses the colonial history and independence movements of Southeast Asian countries. It provides details on when various countries in the region, such as Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and others, were colonized by European powers like the Dutch, British, and French between the 1500s-1900s. It also lists the specific Southeast Asian countries and territories that were colonies during this period. The document then examines independence timelines, with countries like Burma and Ceylon gaining independence in the late 1940s.

1. Topic 6
Cultural History and Political Influnces

2. 6.1.1 describe the colonist and independence of the
region
• COLONIAL HISTORY OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
• QUESTION
• -DO YOU THINK THERE IS A GOOD REASON FOR
ONE COUNTRY TO TAKE CONTROL OF ANOTHER
COUNTRY ?
• -IF SO , UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES DO YO
THINK THAT WOULD JUSTIFIED ?

3. 6.1.1 describe the colonist and independence of the
region
• COLONIALISM
• THE POLICY OR PRACTICE OF ACQUIRING FULL OR
PARTIAL POLITICAL CONTROL OVER ANOTHER
COUNTRY , OCCUPYING IT WITH SETTLERS , AND
EXPLOITING IT ECONOMICALLY
• ONE NATION ASSUMES CONTROL OVER THE OTHER
• 1500S-1900S
•
• SOUTHEAST ASIAN COLONIES
• -BRUMA , SINGAPORE , BRUNEI , VIETNAM , LAOS
CAMBODIA , INDONESIA , PHILIPPINES , EAST TIMOR

4. 6.1.1 describe the colonist and independence of the
region
• HISTORY OF COLONIAL
• 1641 – MALACCA (THE DUTCH )
• 1560 – THE PHILLIPPPINES (SPAIN)
• 1819 – SINGAPORE (BRITAIN )
• 1913 – BURMA , MALAYA , BORNEO TERRITORIES
• INDOCHINA (FRENCH )
• INDONESIA (DUTCH )
• THE PHILIPPINES (USA – AMERICAN WAR)

5. 6.1.1 independence of the region
• Early in 1948, Burma (now Myanmar) on 4 January
• Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) on 4 FebruaryMalaya, which had
been reoccupied by the British troops in 1945 after the
defeat of Japan, became independent in 1957.
• In 1963 she, along with Sabah (formerly north Borneo),
Sarawak and Singapore formed the Malaysian
Federation.
• Laos, one of the three countries comprising Indo-China,
had proclaimed her independence in 1945

6. 6.2.1 REVIEW CHINESE EMPIRES IN CHINA
• Empire of China was a short-lived attempt by statesman
and general Yuan Shikai from late 1915 to early 1916 to
reinstate monarchy in China, with himself as
the Hongxian
Government Absolute monarchy
Emperor
• 1915–1916 Hongxian Emperor
Prime Minister
• 1915–1916 Lou Tseng-Tsiang

7. 6.2.1 REVIEW CHINESE EMPIRES IN CHINA
• 1915–1916Empire of China
(Yuan Shikai)
National Protection War
• 1916Death of Yuan Shikai
• 1917Manchu Restoration
• 1917–1922Constitutional
Protection Movement
• 1918–1920Siberian
Intervention
• 1919Paris Peace Conference
• 1919–1921Occupation of Outer
Mongolia
• 1920Zhili–Anhui War
• 1920–1921Guangdong–Guangxi
War
• 19211st National CPC Congress
• 1922First Zhili–Fengtian War

8. 6.2.2 Discuss Japanese Isolationism
• Isolationism has been defined as:
A policy or doctrine of trying to isolate one's country from
the affairs of other nations by declining to enter into
alliances, foreign economic commitments,, and generally
attempting to make one's economy entirely self-reliant
From 1641 to 1853, the Tokugawa
shogunate of Japan enforced a policy which it
called kaikin.
The policy prohibited foreign contact with most outside

9. 6.2.3 Review Korean Origin
• Koreans are a people of northeastern Asia.
• largely in South Korea and, to a considerably lesser extent,
North Korea. Evidence sugguests that most of their ancestors
once lived in Manchuria and Siberia and were Tungusic and
Altaic peoples.
• Genetic distance analyses by both cluster and principal
components models were performed between Koreans and
eight other populations on the basis of 47 alleles controlled by
15 polymorphic loci.
• . Further, the Koreans are more closely related to the
Japanese and quite distant from the Chinese.

10. Ethnicity and culture of western European
• 6.3Western European Ethnicity
• The Europe West region is a broad expanse stretching from
Amsterdam's sea-level metropolis to the majestic peaks of the Alps.
• Geographically dominated by France in the west and Germany in the
east, it includes several nations with distinct cultural identities.
• Western culture, sometimes equated with Western
civilization, Occidental culture, the Western world, Western
society, European civilization, or Judeo-Greco-Christian
civilization
• The term also applies beyond Europe, to countries and cultures
whose histories are strongly connected to Europe by immigration,
colonization, or influence.
• Western culture is characterized by a host of artistic, philosophic,
literary and legal themes and traditions; the heritage
of Greek, Roman, Jewish,[3]Germanic, Celtic, Slavicand other ethnic
and linguistic

11. Ethnicity and culture of Mediterranean European
The culture of Europe is rooted in the art, architecture,
music, literature, and philosophy that originated from
the European cultural region.
European culture is largely rooted in what is often referred
to as its "common cultural heritage".
• The ethnic groups in Europe are the focus of
European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to
the various ethnic groups that reside in
the nations of Europe
• The total number of national or linguistic
minority populations in Europe is estimated at 105 million
people, or 14% of 770 million Europeans

12. Ethnicity and culture of East Central European
• Ethnic diversity in the region can be traced back
to Slavic settlement in the early medieval period, which
affected every part of east central Europe except the
Baltic with its Estonian and Baltic
(Latvian, Lithuanian and Baltic Prussian) populations
• Culture and History of East-Central Europe, also known
as Kroužek, creates a wide community of scholars whose
work advances the understanding of the region in all of its
aspects, from high politics to everyday life.

13. Native Americans in North America countries
• A minority of Native Americans live in land units
calledIndian reservations. Some California and
Southwesterntribes, such as the Kumeyaay, Cocopa,
Pascua Yaqui and Apache, span both sides of the US–
Mexican border
• In the United States, Native Americans (also known
as American Indians, Indigenous Americans or
simply Indians; see §Terminology differences) are
people who belong to one of the over 500 distinct Native
American tribes that survive intact today as partially
sovereign nationswithin the country's modern boundaries

14. Country Name of Settlement
Present-Day Location
Year First Settled
Spain St. Augustine
Florida
1565
England Jamestown Virginia 1607
France Quebec Canada 1608
Holland New Amsterdam New York 1624
Sweden New Sweden New Jersey 1638
European settlers in north America countries