The document summarizes inspectional observations from 2014 related to 21 CFR 211 violations during drug manufacturing. It provides data on the total number of 483 observations issued and the specific CFR parts most frequently cited. The top 20 most frequent violations accounted for 85% of all CFR 211 observations. It also gives examples of previous warning letters citing deficiencies related to 21 CFR 211.100(a) on written production procedures.
Top 20 observation series 2: 21 CFR 211.22Sathish Vemula
- 2014 inspectional observations- List of Top observations in 2014- Sec. 21 CFR 211.22 (a) 21 CFR 211.22 (b) 21 CFR 211.22 (c) 21 CFR 211.22 (d) - 483 observations- Warning Letters- Other Guidance- How to avoid observations
Top 20 observation series # 6 21 CFR 211.165 - Testing and release for dist...Sathish Vemula
- 2014 inspectional observations- List of Top observations in 2014- Sec. 21 CFR 211.165- 483 observations- Warning Letters- Other Guidance- How to avoid observations
Subpart I--Laboratory ControlsSec. 211.165 Testing and release for distribution. 21 CFR 211.165(a), (b) , (c) , (d) , (e) &(f)
21 CFR-FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES...ICHAPPS
TRAINING PROGRAMME ON
21CFR PARTS-210 AND 211
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Slideshow About 21 CFR
“Every product must be fit for its intended purpose”
“Every product must be fit for its intended purpose”
FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Regulatory aspect of pharmaceutical change control systemDeveshDRA
CHANGE CONTROL,BENEFITS OF CHANGE CONTROL SYSTEM,MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT(Prepare a Change Proposal,Classify & Approve Proposed Changes,Develop an Implementation Plan, Install the Change,Verify Installation,Close out the change
) FLOW CHART OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT,HANDLING AND CONTROLLING CHANGES,SOP ON CHANGE CONTROL SYSTEM,
CATEGORY OF CHANGES(Major Changes,Moderate changes,Minor changes),ENSURING TRAINING & PROCEDURES IN A MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE PROGRAM,LEVEL OF APPROVAL,REGULATOR PROSPECTIVE OF CHANGE CONTROL(21 CFR Part 211: Sec. 211.100,21 CFR Part 211.194 (Laboratory Records),ICH Q7A,USFDA Guidance for Industry: Change to an approved NDA or ANDA ( April 2004- Revison-1)),CONCLUSION
,
Top 20 observation series # 3 21 CFR 211.192Sathish Vemula
- 2014 inspectional observations
- List of Top observations in 2014
- Sec. 21 CFR 211.192
- 483 observations
- Warning Letters
- Other Guidance
- How to avoid observations
- Batch Record Review - Investigations
PIC/S Guide to GMP PE009-13 - Key changes to Annex 15 - Qualification and val...TGA Australia
The TGA has now legislated version 13 of the PIC/S guide to GMP for medicinal products with a transition period for implementation ending at the end of 2018. Some of the biggest changes in this version were in Annex 15 – Qualification and Validation. This has an impact across all areas in including small to medium sized manufacturers as well as sponsors who need to understand the impact in their supply chain including contract manufacturing and storage and transportation.
Top 20 observation series 2: 21 CFR 211.22Sathish Vemula
- 2014 inspectional observations- List of Top observations in 2014- Sec. 21 CFR 211.22 (a) 21 CFR 211.22 (b) 21 CFR 211.22 (c) 21 CFR 211.22 (d) - 483 observations- Warning Letters- Other Guidance- How to avoid observations
Top 20 observation series # 6 21 CFR 211.165 - Testing and release for dist...Sathish Vemula
- 2014 inspectional observations- List of Top observations in 2014- Sec. 21 CFR 211.165- 483 observations- Warning Letters- Other Guidance- How to avoid observations
Subpart I--Laboratory ControlsSec. 211.165 Testing and release for distribution. 21 CFR 211.165(a), (b) , (c) , (d) , (e) &(f)
21 CFR-FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES...ICHAPPS
TRAINING PROGRAMME ON
21CFR PARTS-210 AND 211
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Slideshow About 21 CFR
“Every product must be fit for its intended purpose”
“Every product must be fit for its intended purpose”
FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Regulatory aspect of pharmaceutical change control systemDeveshDRA
CHANGE CONTROL,BENEFITS OF CHANGE CONTROL SYSTEM,MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT(Prepare a Change Proposal,Classify & Approve Proposed Changes,Develop an Implementation Plan, Install the Change,Verify Installation,Close out the change
) FLOW CHART OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT,HANDLING AND CONTROLLING CHANGES,SOP ON CHANGE CONTROL SYSTEM,
CATEGORY OF CHANGES(Major Changes,Moderate changes,Minor changes),ENSURING TRAINING & PROCEDURES IN A MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE PROGRAM,LEVEL OF APPROVAL,REGULATOR PROSPECTIVE OF CHANGE CONTROL(21 CFR Part 211: Sec. 211.100,21 CFR Part 211.194 (Laboratory Records),ICH Q7A,USFDA Guidance for Industry: Change to an approved NDA or ANDA ( April 2004- Revison-1)),CONCLUSION
,
Top 20 observation series # 3 21 CFR 211.192Sathish Vemula
- 2014 inspectional observations
- List of Top observations in 2014
- Sec. 21 CFR 211.192
- 483 observations
- Warning Letters
- Other Guidance
- How to avoid observations
- Batch Record Review - Investigations
PIC/S Guide to GMP PE009-13 - Key changes to Annex 15 - Qualification and val...TGA Australia
The TGA has now legislated version 13 of the PIC/S guide to GMP for medicinal products with a transition period for implementation ending at the end of 2018. Some of the biggest changes in this version were in Annex 15 – Qualification and Validation. This has an impact across all areas in including small to medium sized manufacturers as well as sponsors who need to understand the impact in their supply chain including contract manufacturing and storage and transportation.
Lean what 21 CFR Parts 210 and 211 are and how you an implement these regulations in your organization. For more information and tips on compliance go to http://compliance-insight.com/fda-gcp-and-gmp-training/21-cfr-210-211/
CFR 21 is the basic for pharmaceutical professionals who are working in regulatory market. Here I have presented part 211 as it is described in the guidance.
Complying with 21 CFR Part 11 - Understanding the role of predicate ruleJasmin NUHIC
To obtain knowledge and understanding of 21 CFR Part 11 as how it applies to you as well as be advised of consequences which may result in failing to comply with this regulation.
Manufacture of Medicinal Products and the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)
used as starting materials in the production of these products is subject to strict good
manufacturing practice regulations that are designed to ensure their quality, safety and
efficacy. This ensures that patients worldwide and at any time can have confidence in the
quality, safety and efficacy of medicines.
The cGMP regulations for final medicinal products are clearly defined in each country
and region. The content of the regulations may vary but the objectives are the same:
- To deliver high quality, safe medicines manufactured and distributed following
controlled procedures to treat diseases and
- To prevent deaths, serious illnesses, adverse events or product recalls resulting from
deficiencies in the manufacturing and distribution processes.
While in the vast majority of cases, the pharmaceutical industry, under the oversight of
the Regulatory Authorities and inspectorates consistently applies appropriate cGMP
practices,
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical IndustrySathish Vemula
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical Industry
Contents:
- Definition & Basics
- Criteria for integrity of laboratory data
- Regulatory Requirements
- Barriers to Complete Data
- Possible data integrity problems
- Previous observations
- FDA Warning Letters – 2013
- FDA Warning Letters – 2014
- FDA 483’s related to data integrity
- EU – Non compliance Reports
- WHO - Notice of Concern
- Summary of Data Integrity issues
- Consequences- Rebuilding Trust
- Conclusion
Top 20 observation series 1 21 CFR 211.160Sathish Vemula
The module Consult Yourself.... “Know Regulation - No Observation” deals with most common (top 20) basic CFR regulations having frequent violations and previous observations for better understanding.
#1 dealing with Regulation "21 CFR 211.160 " enclosed with the following content
- 2014 inspectional observations
- List of Top observations in 2014
- Sec. 211.160 General requirements.
21 CFR 211.160 (a)
21 CFR 211.160 (b)
- 483 observations
- Warning Letters
- Other Guidance
- How to avoid observations
- Message from Experts
Lean what 21 CFR Parts 210 and 211 are and how you an implement these regulations in your organization. For more information and tips on compliance go to http://compliance-insight.com/fda-gcp-and-gmp-training/21-cfr-210-211/
CFR 21 is the basic for pharmaceutical professionals who are working in regulatory market. Here I have presented part 211 as it is described in the guidance.
Complying with 21 CFR Part 11 - Understanding the role of predicate ruleJasmin NUHIC
To obtain knowledge and understanding of 21 CFR Part 11 as how it applies to you as well as be advised of consequences which may result in failing to comply with this regulation.
Manufacture of Medicinal Products and the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)
used as starting materials in the production of these products is subject to strict good
manufacturing practice regulations that are designed to ensure their quality, safety and
efficacy. This ensures that patients worldwide and at any time can have confidence in the
quality, safety and efficacy of medicines.
The cGMP regulations for final medicinal products are clearly defined in each country
and region. The content of the regulations may vary but the objectives are the same:
- To deliver high quality, safe medicines manufactured and distributed following
controlled procedures to treat diseases and
- To prevent deaths, serious illnesses, adverse events or product recalls resulting from
deficiencies in the manufacturing and distribution processes.
While in the vast majority of cases, the pharmaceutical industry, under the oversight of
the Regulatory Authorities and inspectorates consistently applies appropriate cGMP
practices,
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical IndustrySathish Vemula
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical Industry
Contents:
- Definition & Basics
- Criteria for integrity of laboratory data
- Regulatory Requirements
- Barriers to Complete Data
- Possible data integrity problems
- Previous observations
- FDA Warning Letters – 2013
- FDA Warning Letters – 2014
- FDA 483’s related to data integrity
- EU – Non compliance Reports
- WHO - Notice of Concern
- Summary of Data Integrity issues
- Consequences- Rebuilding Trust
- Conclusion
Top 20 observation series 1 21 CFR 211.160Sathish Vemula
The module Consult Yourself.... “Know Regulation - No Observation” deals with most common (top 20) basic CFR regulations having frequent violations and previous observations for better understanding.
#1 dealing with Regulation "21 CFR 211.160 " enclosed with the following content
- 2014 inspectional observations
- List of Top observations in 2014
- Sec. 211.160 General requirements.
21 CFR 211.160 (a)
21 CFR 211.160 (b)
- 483 observations
- Warning Letters
- Other Guidance
- How to avoid observations
- Message from Experts
Top 20 observation series # 4 : 21 CFR 211.67Sathish Vemula
- 2014 inspectional observations
- List of Top observations in 2014
- Sec. 21 CFR 211.67
- 483 observations
- Warning Letters
- Other Guidance
- How to avoid observations
Pharma Uptoday Monthly Magazine Volume 22; Issue Jan 2016Sathish Vemula
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights, Monthly magazine Volume 22 has been released with the following content.
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
Warning Letters
- Warning letter: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Warning letter: One Way Drug, LLC
- Warning letter: Thomas S. Tooma, M.D.
EU Non Compliance Report
- Non Compliance Report: Iason Italia SRL, Italy
- Non Compliance Report: AstraZeneca Pharma India Ltd., India
Regulations of the Month
- Sec. 211.48 Plumbing (b)
- Sec. 211.50 Sewage and refuse
- Sec. 211.52 Washing and toilet facilities
- Sec. 211.56 Sanitation (a)
This presentation gives a overview of the new FDA draft guidance on Analytical Method Validation and compares it with the older version issued in the year 2000.
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to members, Monthly magazine Volume 20 has been released with the following content.
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
- Pernix Receives Form 483 for cGMP Violations
- FDA Hits Pfizer Subsidiary With Second Form 483 in Five Years
- Galena Hit With 10-Item Form 483 Over Unresolved Issues
Warning Letters
- Warning letter: Unimark Remedies Ltd., Mumbai, India
- Warning letter: SSM Health Care St. Louis DBA SSM St. Clare Health Center
Health Canada Non Compliance Report
- Non Compliance Report: Unilever Canada Inc.
EMA Non-Compliance Report
- GlaxoSmithKline (Tianjin) Company Limited (Teda), China
- CARGILL FRANCE
Regulations of the Month
- Sec. 211.42 Design and construction features (c)(5) to (c)(10)
- Sec. 211.44 Lighting
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights, Monthly magazine Volume 19 has been released with the following content.
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
483 Observations (Millers of Wyckoff, Inc., NJ, - Producer of Sterile Drugs & InvaGen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., NY
Warning Letters (Pan Drugs Ltd., India & Jaychem Industries Ltd, New Zealand)
Health Canada Non Compliance Report (MS Pharma, Inc, Canada.)
WHO Notice of Concern (NOC)Report (Svizera Labs Private Limited, India)
Article of the Month - Warning Signs of a Weak Quality Culture
Regulations of the Month - Sec. 211.42 Design and construction features (c)(1) to (c)(4)
Pharma Uptoday Monthly Magazine Volume 21; Issue Dec 2015Sathish Vemula
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
- Diabetes Corporation of America
- Pine Pharmaceuticals
Warning Letters
- Warning letter: American Family Pharmacy
- Warning letter: Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited
- Warning letter: Sandoz Private Limited
Article of the Month
- Data Integrity Checklist related to Electronic Records and Electronic Signatures.
Regulations of the Month
- Sec. 211.46 Ventilation, air filtration, air heating and cooling
- Sec. 211.48 Plumbing
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 3 has been released with
News Uptoday
New Guidelines
Audit Findings
Guest of the Month
Regulation of the Month
Celebrating Successful completion of one year
"Happy anniversary… Pharma Uptoday"
Thanks a lot to all members & Viewers.
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 4 has been released with
News Uptoday
New Guidelines
Audit Findings
Regulation of the Month
Top 20 observation series # 7 21 CFR 211.42 (Subpart C-Buildings and Facili...Sathish Vemula
- US FDA inspectional observations - 2014- List of “Top 20 – CFR parts to know”- Sec. 21 CFR 211.42- 483 observations- Warning Letters- Other Guidance- How to avoid observations related to 21 CFR 211.42 ?
Pharma Uptoday Monthly Magazine Volume 5, Issue Aug 2014Sathish Vemula
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 5 has been released with
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
483 Observations
- 483 of Downing Labs
- 483 of Impax Laboratories
FDA Recall letter observations
- Unique Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Warning Letters
- Pharmacy Creations, NJ
- Trifarma S.p.A., Italy
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou Pharmaceutical Co., China
EMA Non-Compliance Reports
- WOCKHARDT LIMITED, India
- SIMS Società Italiana Medicinali Scandicci srl, Italy
- SCM PHARMA LIMITED, UK
Regulations of the Month
§ 211.167 Special testing requirements
§ 211.170 Reserve Samples
§ 211.176 Penicillin contamination
This presentation is compiled by “ Drug Regulations” from freely available resources like the FDA on the World wide web.
“Drug Regulations” is a non profit organization which provides free online resource to the Pharmaceutical Professional.
Visit http://www.drugregulations.org for latest information from the world of Pharmaceuticals.
FDA Form 483 (Inspectional Observations) - Top Violations 2013Marc Sanchez
FDA Attorney Marc Sanchez discusses the Top FDA Form 483 (Inspectional Observations) from fiscal year 2013. The top observations provide a foundation for preparing for a pre-inspection, for-cause inspection, or routine surveillance inspection.
A brief presentation on the current good manufacturing practices employed in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals in the US.
Comprises of all aspects of good manufacturing practices
In the month of February 2014 US Food and Drug Administration Commissioner Margaret Hamburg visited India to discuss issues of drug quality with her counterparts in the Indian Government. The FDA has imposed a rash of regulatory sanctions on Indian generic makers in the last year, triggering concerns about the quality of the medicines supplied by the $14 billion industry to countries including the United States, the biggest market. India is second only to Canada as a drug exporter to the United States, where it supplies about 40 percent of generic and over-the-counter drugs.There were comments made about the US and Indian GMP Standards. Drug Regulations has now compared the GMP standards of US and India. The comparison is given in the presentation here.
An introduction to Life Sciences Computer System Validation, applicable regulation, SDLC phases, software categorisation, risk/ change/ deviation management, validation deliverable, risk based approach, regulatory inspection, audit findings, causes of compliance failure, key concepts in CSV etc.
:Drug Regulations is a Not for Profit Organizations which provides free online resources for the Pharmaceutical Professional. This presentation is part F of series of presentations which addresses the current Good Manufacturing Requirements as per the US FDA. This presentation addresses : Production & Process Controls
Presentation of QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE-Unit 5 (Self-selected Topics)Introduction
Sec. 211.101 charge-in of components.
Sec. 211.134 drug product inspection.
Sec. 211.115 reprocessing.
Bringing Legacy Combination Products into Compliance with 21 CFR Part 4Peter Dellva
Presentation provides an overview of 21 CFR Part 4 and discusses the approach to assure legacy combination drug products are compliant with the final rule.
Similar to Top 20 observation series # 5 21 CFR 211.100 (20)
To recap the August 2015 month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 18 has been released with the following content.
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
483 Observations
- 483 of PharMEDium Services, LLC (Outsourcing facility)
- 483 of "Walgreens Home Care, Inc. dba Walgreens Infusion Services
EU Non Compliance Report
- EU Non-Compliance Report: TXCELL - BESANCON, France Warning Letters
- Warning letter : Sipra Labs Limited, Hyderabad
- Warning letter : Mylan Laboratories Limited, India
Health Canada Non Compliance Report
- Procter & Gamble Inc., Canada.
Regulations of the Month
- Sec. 211.28 Personnel responsibilities (b) & (c)
- Sec. 211.42 Design and construction features (a) & (b)
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday followers, Monthly magazine Volume 17 has been released with the following content.
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
483 Observations
EU Non Compliance Report
- INTEGRA LIFE SCIENCES CORP, United States
- JINAN JINDA PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY CO., LTD., China
- WUXI JIDA PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD, China
- PARABOLIC DRUGS LIMITED, India
Warning Letters
- Mahendra Chemicals, India
Regulations of the Month
- Sec. 211.25 Personnel qualifications
- Sec. 211.28 Personnel responsibilities
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
483 Observations
EU Non Compliance Report
- Polydrug Laboratories PVT. LTD., Ambernath, Maharashtra, India
- ZHUHAI UNITED LABORATORIES CO., LTD, China
Health Canada Non Compliance Report
- Pharmax Limited, Ontario Canada.
Warning Letters
- VUAB Pharma a.s., Czech Republic
- Attix Pharmaceuticals, Canada
Regulations of the Month
- Sec. 211.22 Responsibilities of quality control unit
Pharma Uptoday Monthly Magazine Volume 12; Issue Mar 2015Sathish Vemula
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 12 has been released with the following content.
News Uptoday
New Guidance
Audit Findings
483 Observations
- India's Lupin says FDA raises concerns over plant at Pithampur
Warning Letters
- Micro Labs Limited, Bangalore
- Apotex Research Private Limited
- Oregon Compounding Centers, Inc. dba Creative Compounds
- Cantrell Drug Company
- Warning Letters on Data Integrity: What does the FDA expect from Third Party Auditors and Consultants?
Regulations of the Month
- § 211.194 Laboratory records (a)(5)(6)(7)(8) & (b)
3 News Uptoday
35 New Guidance
42 Audit Findings
483 Observations
- Top Drug 483 Observations
46 EMA Non-Compliance Reports
- Wockhardt Limited, Aurangabad
- AGEPHA, Austria
- North China Pharmaceutical Group Semisyntech Co., Ltd, China
48 Regulations of the Month
- § 211.188 Batch production and control records
- § 211.192 Production record review
- § 211.194 Laboratory records.
To recap the previous month's (Dec- 2014) pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 10 has been released with the following content.
3 News Uptoday
24 New Guidance
34 Audit Findings
483 Observations
- Teva Parenteral Medicines Inc (Jul-2009)
- Hovione API facility in Portugal
- Impax Hit With Another FDA 483
38 Warning Letters
- Novacyl Wuxi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
40 EMA Non-Compliance Reports
- Medreich Limited – Unit V
- Sri Krishna Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Hyderabad, India
43 Regulations of the Month
§ 211.188 Batch production and control records
3 News Uptoday
22 New Guidance
28 Audit Findings
483 Observations
- Caraco Pharmaceutical Laboratories
- Hospira Inc
- Novartis Consumer Health
- McNeil Consumer Healthcare
Warning Letters
- Hikma Farmaceutica, (Portugal) S.A.
- Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited
- Sharp Global Limited
- Wells Pharmacy Network LLC
EMA Non-Compliance Reports
- Taishan City Chemical Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., China
- Zhejiang Apeloa Kangyu Bio-Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., China
- MANUEL RIESGO S.A., Spain
- Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Dewas, India
36 Regulations of the Month
§ 211.186 Master production and control records
§ 211.188 Batch production and control records
Pharma Uptoday Monthly Magazine Volume 8 issue Nov 2014Sathish Vemula
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 8 has been released with the following content.
3 News Uptoday
14 New Guidance
30 Audit Findings
483 Observations
- Exemplar Lab, MA
- Genentech Inc
- Celltex Therapeutics Corporation
- APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC
- Reganeron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Warning Letters
- Hospira, Austarlia
- Sanjiu Medical and Pharmaceutical Co.,
- Beacon Hill Medical Pharmacy
EMA Non-Compliance Reports
- Wockhardt Limited, Nani Daman
- Fujian South Pharmaceutical, China
40 Regulations of the Month
§211.184 Component, drug product container, closure, and labeling records
§ 211.186 Master production and control records
Pharma Uptoday Monthly Magazine Volume 7 issue Oct 2014Sathish Vemula
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma group, Monthly magazine Volume 7 has been released with
3 News Uptoday
30 New Guidance and New MAPP Release
37 Audit Findings
483 Observations
- 483 of Alexander Infusion
Warning Letters
- John W Hollis Inc.
EMA Non-Compliance Reports
- Hebei Dongfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China
- I.C.I. International Chemical Industry, Italy
41 Regulations of the Month
§211.184 Component, drug product container, closure, and labeling records
To recap the previous month's pharma highlights to Pharma Uptoday members, Monthly magazine Volume 6 has been released with
News Uptoday
New Guidance
New MAPP Release
Audit Findings
483 Observations
- 483 of Impax Laboratories
- 483 of Ipca Labs
- 483 of Bausch & Lomb Inc
- 483 of Alexion
Warning Letters
- Marck Biosciences Ltd.
- The Compounding Shop Inc.
- Zions Rx Formulations Services LLC.
EMA Non-Compliance Reports
- Renown Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., India
- VETPROM AD, Bulgaria
- SCM PHARMA LIMITED, UK
Guest of the Month
Dr. M Damodharan - Vice President Global Quality & Regulatory
Regulations of the Month
§ 211.180 Subpart J--Records and Reports - General Requirements
§ 211.182 Subpart J--Records and Reports - Equipment cleaning & use log
Data Integrity II - Chromatography data system (CDS) in PharmaSathish Vemula
- Introduction
- Functions of CDS
- Validation of CDS
- Regulatory requirements
- Procedures required
- Areas for ensuring CDS Data Integrity
- Previous observations
- FDA Warning Letters – 2013
- FDA Warning Letters – 2014
- FDA 483’s related to CDS
- EU – Non compliance Reports
- WHO - Notice of Concern
- How to avoid observations ?
- Conclusion
Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
As we watch Dr. Greene's continued efforts and research in Arizona, it's clear that stem cell therapy holds a promising key to unlocking new doors in the treatment of kidney disease. With each study and trial, we step closer to a world where kidney disease is no longer a life sentence but a treatable condition, thanks to pioneers like Dr. David Greene.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
2. - 2014 inspectional observations
- List of Top observations in 2014
- Sec. 21 CFR 211.100
- 483 observations
- Warning Letters
- Other Guidance
- How to avoid observations
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Contents
3. Total Inspectional Observations
Center Name 483s Issued
Foods 2476
Devices 972
Drugs 645
Veterinary Medicine 337
Bioresearch Monitoring 297
Biologics 146
Human Tissue for Transplantation 115
Parts 1240 and 1250 70
Radiological Health 16
Sum Product Area 483s from System* 5074
Actual Total in System 483s** 4943
Number of 483s Issued from the System*
Inspections ending between 10/1/2013 12:00:00 AM and 9/30/2014 12:00:00 AM
4. Inspectional Observations - Drugs
Summary Count (Number)
Total 483’s issued for Drugs center in 2014 645
Total number of observations issued for Drugs center in 2014 2997
Total number of observations related to cGMP (21 CFR part 211) violations 2835
Total number of top 10 CFR part 211 violation 1653 (58%)
Total number of top 15 CFR part 211 violation 2110 (74%)
Total number of top 20 CFR part 211 violation 2398 (85%)
Number of CFR part 211 parts violated 54
7. List of “Top 20 – CFR parts to know”
S.No. CFR Frequency %
1 21 CFR 211.160 235 8.3
2 21 CFR 211.22 218 7.7
3 21 CFR 211.192 209 7.4
4 21 CFR 211.67 184 6.5
5 21 CFR 211.100 167 5.9
6 21 CFR 211.165 143 5.0
7 21 CFR 211.42 143 5.0
8 21 CFR 211.113 128 4.5
9 21 CFR 211.166 115 4.1
10 21 CFR 211.25 111 3.9
11 21 CFR 211.68 99 3.5
12 21 CFR 211.198 95 3.4
13 21 CFR 211.84 91 3.2
14 21 CFR 211.110 89 3.1
15 21 CFR 211.194 83 2.9
16 21 CFR 211.188 74 2.6
17 21 CFR 211.180 72 2.5
18 21 CFR 211.28 53 1.9
19 21 CFR 211.186 48 1.7
20 21 CFR 211.63 41 1.4
Total 2398 85
• The top 10 cGMP violations (21
CFR part 211 observations)
comprises a huge percentage
(58% i.e. 1653 number of
observations).
• The top 20 cGMP violations (21
CFR part 211 observations)
comprises a huge percentage
(85% i.e. 2398 number of
observations).
• If the top 20 violations are
eliminated, 85 % of the
observations can be reduced.
8. Subpart I--Laboratory Controls
Sec. 211.160 General requirements.
21 CFR 211.160 (a)
21 CFR 211.160 (b)
21 CFR 211.160 can be accessed from the link:
http://www.slideshare.net/skvemula/top-20-observation-
series-1-21-cfr-211160
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21 CFR 211.160
9. Subpart B--Organization and Personnel
Sec. 211.22 Responsibilities of quality control unit.
21 CFR 211.22 (a)
21 CFR 211.22 (b)
21 CFR 211.22 (c)
21 CFR 211.22 (d) can be accessed from the link:
http://www.slideshare.net/skvemula/top-20-observation-
series-2-21-cfr-21122
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21 CFR 211.22
10. Subpart J--Records and Reports
Sec. 211.192 Production record review.
21 CFR 211.192 can be accessed from the link:
http://www.slideshare.net/skvemula/top-20-observation-
series-3-21-cfr-211192
pharmauptoday@gmail.com
21 CFR 211.192
11. Subpart D--Equipment
Sec. 211.67 Equipment cleaning and maintenance.
21 CFR 211.67(a)
21 CFR 211.67(b)
21 CFR 211.67(c) can be accessed from the link:
http://www.slideshare.net/skvemula/top-20-observation-
series-4-21-cfr-21167
pharmauptoday@gmail.com
21 CFR 211.67
12. Subpart F- Production and Process Controls
Sec. 211.100 Written procedures; deviations.
21 CFR 211.100(a)
21 CFR 211.100(b)
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21 CFR 211.100
15. CFR part 211 Regulation - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Subpart F--Production and Process Controls
• Sec. 211.100 Written procedures; deviations.
(a) There shall be written procedures for production and process control designed to
assure that the drug products have the identity, strength, quality, and purity they purport or
are represented to possess.
Such procedures shall include all requirements in this subpart. These written
procedures, including any changes, shall be drafted, reviewed, and approved by the
appropriate organizational units and reviewed and approved by the quality control unit.
17. 483 citations related to 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Cite Id
Reference
Number
Short Description Long Description
Frequency
2014 2013
1361
21 CFR
211.100(a)
Absence of Written
Procedures
There are no written procedures for production and process
controls designed to assure that the drug products have the
identity, strength, quality, and purity they purport or are
represented to possess. Specifically, ***
87 106
3571
21 CFR
211.100(a)
Changes to Procedures
Not Reviewed, Approved
Changes to written procedures are not [drafted, reviewed
and approved by the appropriate organizational unit]
[reviewed and approved by the quality control unit].
Specifically, ***
14 17
3570
21 CFR
211.100(a)
Approval and review of
procedures
Written procedures are not [drafted, reviewed and approved
by the appropriate organizational units] [reviewed and
approved by the quality control unit]. Specifically, ***
4 11
18. 483 citations related to 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Piramal Critical Care Inc. (07-2013)
19. 483 citations related to 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Teva Parenteral Medicined Inc. (07/2009)
30. Warning letter observations -2014 - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Hikma Farmaceutica, (Portugal) S.A. 10/21/14 (320-15-003)
Your firm failed to establish adequate written procedures for production and
process control designed to assure that the drug products you manufacture
have the identity, strength, quality, and purity they purport or are represented
to possess, and your firm’s quality control unit did not review and approve
those procedures, including any changes (21 CFR 211.100(a)).
Your firm failed to provide adequate challenge test set vials to qualify your operators
and Quality Assurance (QA) staff to perform visual inspection of your drug product.
Our investigators identified that 14 of (b)(4) vials used to qualify the operators for
visual inspection were marked on top of the stopper with a number or a dot that was
easily visible to the operator who was holding the vial during qualification. This
practice allowed the operator to know in advance which vials were to be rejected.
31. Warning letter observations -2014 - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Hospira Australia Pty Ltd. 9/26/14 (320-14-15)
Your firm failed to establish written procedures for production and process
control designed to assure that the drug products you manufacture have the
identity, strength, quality, and purity they purport or are represented to
possess (21 CFR 211.100(a)). For example,
The information related to the increase in levels of (b)(4) (refer to #1a above) raises
concern about the validation of your (b)(4) manufacturing process.
Your firm identified a correlation between the increase in the (b)(4) impurity
and (b)(4) exceeding (b)(4)%. However, this was not addressed in a subsequent
study to demonstrate that the process remains in a state of control.
Provide a comprehensive protocol for the revalidation of your process as it relates
to (b)(4) process (Filling Stage) in removing (b)(4) in the (b)(4).
32. Warning letter observations -2013 - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Ameriderm Laboratories, Ltd. 12/2/13 (14-NWJ-02)
Your firm failed to establish written procedures for production and process control designed
to assure that the drug products you manufacture have the identity, strength, quality, and
purity they purport or are represented to possess (21 CFR 211.100(a)).
For example, you have not validated the manufacturing processes for
AmeriWash, DermaFix, Instaclean, and PeriShield. Your firm has not identified the component
attributes (e.g., solubility and viscosity) and the process parameters (e.g., mixing time, blending
speed, and temperature) that are important to produce these four OTC drug products (i.e., topical
gels, creams, and ointments) with consistent quality.
Your firm does not have assurance that the manufacturing processes are adequately controlled to
consistently ensure the quality and safety of AmeriWash, DermaFix, Instaclean, and PeriShield.
In addition, your firm's batch records do not document all significant process steps and parameters
such as mixing times, blending speeds, bulk hold times, and product yields. It is imperative that you
have adequate records to monitor and demonstrate control of your processes and ensure that
specified requirements are reproducibly (as determined during initial process validation studies, and
thereafter) achieved.
33. Warning letter observations -2013 - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Jubilant HollisterStier General Partnership 2/20/13 (320-13-08)
Your firm failed to establish adequate written procedures for production and process control
designed to assure that the drug products you manufacture have the
identity, strength, quality, or purity they purport or are represented to possess (21 CFR 211.100
(a)).
For example, SOP 1179 Version 03, entitled “Inspection of Vials of (b)(4) Products,” and SOP 1086
Version 02, entitled “Visual Inspection of (b)(4) Products” are deficient in the following ways:
a. They include an acceptance rate for major vial defects of ≤ (b)(4)% and ≤ (b)(4)%
for (b)(4) and (b)(4)products, respectively, but do not provide for a corrective and preventive
action to be taken if the acceptance criterion is exceeded.
Continued ….
34. Warning letter observations -2013 - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Jubilant HollisterStier General Partnership 2/20/13 (320-13-08)
b. They do not provide for a second inspection or additional evaluation when the product fails to meet
its specification.
Our inspection documented that (b)(4) lots #(b)(4), #(b)(4), and #(b)(4) exceeded the acceptance
criteria, but that you released them for distribution with no additional evaluation (e.g., 100% inspection
or AQL inspection) to assure that the quality and purity of the entire lot was not compromised. Your
firm informed the investigator that, based on the procedure detailed in SOP 1179, your firm only
inspects lots once regardless of the number of defective vial rejection rate. As a result, you released
to the market (b)(4) Lots #(b)(4), #(b)(4), and #(b)(4)despite their (b)(4)%, (b)(4)%, and (b)(4)% major
defect rejection rates, respectively.
Your firm’s SOP for (b)(4) product visual inspection, SOP 1086 Version 02, entitled “Visual Inspection
of (b)(4)Injectable Products” is similarly deficient. It does not require corrective and preventive action if
the acceptance criterion is exceeded, nor does it provide for a second inspection or other appropriate
additional evaluation when the product fails to meet its specification. Despite a visual inspection
acceptance rate for major defects of ≤ (b)(4), you released (b)(4) Lots #(b)(4), #(b)(4), and
#(b)(4) with (b)(4)%, (b)(4)%, and (b)(4)% major defect rates, respectively. You did not conduct any
acceptance quality limit (AQL) inspection or a second 100% visual inspection.
35. Warning letter observations -2013 - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: P.A. Benjamin Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 1/29/13 (320-13-07)
Your firm failed to establish adequate written procedures for production and process control
designed to assure that the drug products you manufacture have the
identity, strength, quality, and purity they purport or are represented to possess, and your
firm’s quality control unit did not review and approve those procedures, including any
changes (21 CFR 211.100(a)).
Specifically, your firm has not validated the manufacturing processes for the OTC drug
products, Diphenhydramine Elixir, Diphenhydramine Expectorant, and Infant Gripe Mix. In
addition, you reprocessed several batches of these products without approval by the Quality Unit and
without assessing the impact of the changes on the quality of the product.
36. Warning letter observations -2013 - 21 CFR 211.100(a)
Ref: WL: Kanebo Cosmetics Inc. 4/1/13 (320-13-14)
Your firm failed to establish adequate written procedures for production and process controls
designed to assure that the drug products you manufacture have the
identity, strength, quality, and/or purity they purport or are represented to possess (21 CFR
211.100(a)).
For example, the manufacturing processes for your (b)(4) OTC drug products intended for the U.S.
market are not validated.
In response to this letter, provide validation protocols with scientifically justified acceptance criteria
and results of the validation studies. If you have not completed your process validation, please
provide a schedule with milestones for its completion. Describe in-process controls your firm will
institute to ensure that your processes are performing as intended.
38. CFR part 211 Regulation - 21 CFR 211.100(b)
Subpart F--Production and Process Controls
• Sec. 211.100 Written procedures; deviations.
(b) Written production and process control procedures shall be followed in the execution of
the various production and process control functions and shall be documented at the time
of performance. Any deviation from the written procedures shall be recorded and justified.
40. 483 citations related to 21 CFR 211.100(b)
Cite Id
Reference
Number
Short Description Long Description
Frequency
2014 2013
1358
21 CFR
211.100(b)
SOPs not followed /
documented
Written production and process control procedures are not
[followed in the execution of production and process control
functions] [documented at the time of performance]. Specifically,
***
43 59
3572
21 CFR
211.100(b)
Procedure Deviations
Recorded and Justified
Deviations from written production and process control
procedures are not [recorded] [justified]. Specifically, ***
19 25
41. 483 citations related to 21 CFR 211.100(b)
Ref: 483 of APP Pharmaceuticals Inc (07/2011)
42. 483 citations related to 21 CFR 211.100(b)
Ref: 483 of Novartis Consumer Health (02/2013)
Continued…
43. 483 citations related to 21 CFR 211.100(b)
Ref: 483 of Novartis Consumer Health (02/2013)
45. Warning letter observations -2013 - 21 CFR 211.100(b)
Ref: WL: Wockhardt Limited 11/25/13 (320-14-01)
Your firm failed to follow written procedures for production and process control designed to
assure that the drug products you manufacture have the identity, strength, quality, and purity
they purport or are represented to possess, and to document same at the time of performance
(21 CFR 211.100(b)).
At your Chikalthana site, our investigators observed poor documentation practices during in-process
testing. Specifically, an operator performed the in-process tablet (b)(4) testing for the (b)(4) mg tablet
batch #(b)(4)without the batch record or a manufacturing form to document the results
contemporaneously.
The FDA investigator was informed that the pre-test and post-test weight values are documented in
the batch record located in a separate manufacturing room rather than in the same room where the
actual weights are measured.
46. Warning letter observations -2013 - 21 CFR 211.100(b)
Ref: WL: Wockhardt Limited 11/25/13 (320-14-01)
…. Continued
Moreover, your operator stated that he records the two weights with (b)(4) significant figures
into the batch record from memory. Your investigation into this issue is inadequate because
it did not consider other in-process tests or whether the operator(s) have been involved in
the same poor documentation practices for others batches.
Additionally, the investigator noticed that the balance used in production was not level, which
can result in inaccurate weights. The investigator asked how long the balance had not been
level, and you indicated that you would investigate the matter and respond to the
investigator.
50. EU Non-Compliance Reports
Firm Name Nature of non-compliance
Zhejiang Apeloa
Kangyu Bio-
Pharmaceutical Co.
Ltd., China; Nov 2014
The company failed to establish a procedure to identify and validate GMP-
relevant computerized systems in general.
VETPROM AD,
Bulgaria; Aug 2014
The procedure for cleaning validation is ineffective and does not include all
medicines (human and animal medicinal use);
Renown
Pharmaceuticals Pvt.
Ltd., Gujarat, India;
Aug 2014
Inappropriate validation of cleaning procedures.
Defects on deviation recording and investigation.
52. Health Canada – GMP
• Examples of observations from frequently cited sections of the Food and Drug
Regulations - Good Manufacturing Practices Inspections
57. Procedures
Standard operating procedure (SOP)
• An authorized written procedure giving instructions for performing operations not
necessarily specific to a given product or material (e.g. equipment
operation, maintenance and cleaning; validation; cleaning of premises and
environmental control; sampling and inspection). Certain SOPs may be used to
supplement product-specific master and batch production documentation.
• An SOP is a set of instructions or steps someone follows to complete a job
safely, with no adverse impact on the environment (and which meets compliance
standards), and in a way that maximizes operational and production requirements.
Write SOPs for any processes an individual or group performs: unloading raw
materials, manufacturing products, shutting down an operation, repairing a faulty
electrical circuit, and thousands of other workplace activities.
58. Procedures
• These procedures describe the methods that will be used to implement and
perform the stated policies.
• The procedures define who should perform the specific tasks, when the task
should be done, and where the documentation will be made showing that task was
performed.
• The Procedure (Standard Operating Procedures) shall be reviewed periodically.
• SOPs should preferably be written in the laboratory close to the instrument, and
not in an office. It should be either written or thoroughly reviewed by the
instruments’ operators.
• SOPs should not be written to explain how procedures are supposed to work, but
how they work.
59. Reasons for having written procedures
• To provide individuals who perform operations with all the safety, health, environmental and operational information
required to perform a job properly
• To protect the health and safety of employees, and to protect the environment
• To ensure that operations are done consistently in order to maintain quality control of processes and products
• To ensure that processes continue and are completed on a prescribed schedule
• To ensure that no failures occur in manufacturing and related processes that would harm employees or anyone in
the surrounding community
• To ensure that approved procedures are followed in compliance with company and regulatory requirements
• To serve as a training document for teaching users about a process
• To serve as an historical record of the how, why and when of steps in a process for use when modifications are
made to that process and when a SOP must be revised
• To serve as an explanation of steps in a process that can be reviewed in incident investigations that seek to improve
safety practices and operating
60. Procedures
• This ensures that the information is adequate
and that the document invites rather than
discourages routine use.
• Content should cover:
• SOP unique number and revision number,
• Page number and total number of pages,
• for equipment testing: performance acceptance
criteria, recommended corrective actions, and a
template for continuous entries of test results and
corrective actions,
• printing history.
62. Procedures
• Copies of SOPs for equipment should be located close to the instruments and
must be easily accessible by operators.
• Deviations from SOPs in a study must be authorized and significant changes in
established SOPs must be authorized in writing by management.
• Standard operating procedures should be drafted in a language understood in the
workplace.
63. Procedures
Have approved procedures in place for
• Equipment startup and operation
• Equipment set up and change over
• Product assembly
• Inventory tracking
• Material ordering
• Material receiving
• Maintenance procedures
• Material processing (e.g., mixing, batching)
• Quality control
• Quality Assurance
• Environment, Health & Safety
• Any business or process step that needs to be controlled
65. Deviation - Definition
• Departure from an approved instruction or established standard.
• There are many different contexts for use of the term “deviation”. No clear, sharply outlined
definition can be found in the various regulatory documents in the USA or the EU. The terms used
are not always the same either (for example, deviation, discrepancy, atypical
situation, nonconformity).
• Therefore, it is imperative for a company to define internally what is understood by the term
deviation, in order to avoid vagueness and possible misunderstandings concerning workflows and
responsibilities.
• In the narrower sense of the word deviations represent a failure to meet specifications (such as
parameter settings) in the production process, in-process specifications or production
requirements. In a broader sense, however, deviations from other procedures or instructions can
also be assigned to the deviation system.
66. Deviation Handling
• An efficient deviation handling system, should implement a mechanism to discriminate events
based on their relevance and to objectively categorize them, concentrating resources and efforts in
good quality investigations of the root causes of relevant deviations.
• A strong CAPA system requires this efficient deviation handling system which evaluates the event
according to the associated risk, categorizes it and acts accordingly in a timely manner, and
verifies the effectiveness of the actions taken.
• As a formal or informal tool, Quality Risk Management (QRM) has always been part of the analysis
process linked to the handling of events and deviations in pharmaceutical operations.
• Quality Risk Management was mainly designed to be used prospectively when manufacturing
operations are defined and validated. Therefore, potential deviations are identified and avoided by
implementing risk control measures and preventive actions.
67. Deviation Handling
• The application of risk management in dealing with deviations is not only practical but provides a
framework for a decision-making process based on a scientifically sound and objective
approach, while also enabling decisions to be confidently upheld before the regulatory authorities.
Under this approach, a sequence of steps may be identified when handling events and possible
deviations:
• Event Detection
• Decision Making Process / Deviation Categorization
• Deviation Treatment
• Root cause investigation
• CAPA
68. Decision Tree for Deviation
Classification
• Deviations should require a higher level of
analysis and documentation, and are usually
covered by a deviation handling procedure.
• At this point, a decision needs to be made to
categorize the deviation as Minor, Major or
Critical.
70. Area & Examples of deviations
Production process
• Manufacturing Formula
• Process parameters (e.g.
machine parameters)
• Process specifications
(e.g. target values in
production process or
yield limits)
• Testing instructions for in-
process controls (e.g.
using obsolete versions)
• In-process specifications
• Anomalies in the process
Machines, plants, equipme
nt, facilities,
and media (including
laboratory)
• Machine defects
• System failures
• Temperature, humidity, n
umber of particles or
pressure differences
outside of limits
• Deviations in
microbiological
monitoring
• Calibration results
outside of limits
• Failure to keep
calibration or
maintenance intervals
Regulations
• SOPs
Quality control
• Results out of
specification (OOS)
• Results out of trend
(OOT)
• Results close to
specification limit
• Using expire reference
standards
71. Requirements for handling deviations
• Complete record of the deviation
• Complete investigation into root causes
• Risk assessment of the deviation for the current batch
• Expanding the search to other, possibly affected batches or products
• Specifying actions for the affected batch
• Specifying actions to prevent recurrence (corrective actions)
• Assessing the risk from intended actions
• Defining tests for effectiveness to assess suitability of the actions
• Implementing the actions
• Testing effectiveness of the actions
• Periodic review of the system effectiveness
72. pharmauptoday@gmail.com
Thank You
The module Consult Yourself.... “Know Regulation - No Observation” deals with most common (top 20)
basic CFR regulations having frequent violations and previous observations for better understanding.
The module will be continued with # 4 21 CFR 211.165
(Subpart I--Laboratory Controls, Testing and release for distribution)
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