Improving the quantification of agricultural emissions in low-income countries. WATCH LIVE on WEDNESDAY 4 DECEMBER 14:30 CET: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/videostream
Danielle Shannon (Michigan Technological University and NIACS), presented at the Adapting Forested Watersheds to Climate Change Workshop, at The Waters, Minocqua, WI on March 15-16, 2017. The workshop was hosted by the Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science (NIACS), USDA Climate Hubs, and the Wisconsin Initiative on Climate Change Impacts (WICCI).
Details at www.forestadaptation.org/water
Objectives:
There was a dramatic geographic shift in agriculture in the 20th century which concentrated grain production in a small area in the upper Midwest and concentrated vegetable, potato, cotton and other crops in the arid West. This new geography may be extremely vulnerable to climate change and variability. The Midwest droughts 2012 and the current California drought are illustrative of the problems our USDA-EaSM proposal foresaw in 2010.
It is the objective of this project to determine whether a more distributed geographical production system with the SE increasing irrigated production is both economically and environmentally sustainable.
Framework
Farm operators make strategic and tactic decisions based on dynamic climate and market processes. However, they do not access and use all the information enabled by powerful information technologies.
Dr Bill Slattery of the Department of Climate Change explains the 'whole cycle' greenhouse gas accounting for enterprises which on the evidence - offers carbon farmers hope that a proper accounting for the volumes of soil C they can sequester, they will always be net sinks.
Danielle Shannon (Michigan Technological University and NIACS), presented at the Adapting Forested Watersheds to Climate Change Workshop, at The Waters, Minocqua, WI on March 15-16, 2017. The workshop was hosted by the Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science (NIACS), USDA Climate Hubs, and the Wisconsin Initiative on Climate Change Impacts (WICCI).
Details at www.forestadaptation.org/water
Objectives:
There was a dramatic geographic shift in agriculture in the 20th century which concentrated grain production in a small area in the upper Midwest and concentrated vegetable, potato, cotton and other crops in the arid West. This new geography may be extremely vulnerable to climate change and variability. The Midwest droughts 2012 and the current California drought are illustrative of the problems our USDA-EaSM proposal foresaw in 2010.
It is the objective of this project to determine whether a more distributed geographical production system with the SE increasing irrigated production is both economically and environmentally sustainable.
Framework
Farm operators make strategic and tactic decisions based on dynamic climate and market processes. However, they do not access and use all the information enabled by powerful information technologies.
Dr Bill Slattery of the Department of Climate Change explains the 'whole cycle' greenhouse gas accounting for enterprises which on the evidence - offers carbon farmers hope that a proper accounting for the volumes of soil C they can sequester, they will always be net sinks.
What will it take to establish a climate smart agricultural world? Presentation on the problems, solutions and key challenges in Climate Smart Agriculture. Presentation made in the Wayamba Conference in Sri Lanka, August 2014.
Steven Apfelbaum - Wetlands: Sinking Carbon and Keeping It Out of the Atmospheregabriellebastien
Steven Apfelbaum - Wetlands: Sinking Carbon and Keeping It Out of the Atmosphere
From Biodiversity for a Livable Climate conference: "Restoring Ecosystems to Reverse Global Warming"
Saturday November 22nd, 2014
Steven Apfelbaum - Wetlands: Sinking Carbon and Keeping It Out of the Atmospherebio4climate
Steven Apfelbaum - Wetlands: Sinking Carbon and Keeping It Out of the Atmosphere
From Biodiversity for a Livable Climate conference: "Restoring Ecosystems to Reverse Global Warming"
Saturday November 22nd, 2014
www.bio4climate.org
Resource utilization and managing conflict in the pastoral community of Ethio...ILRI
Presentation by Dr Tilahun Amede for the 5th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture and the 18th Annual Meeting of the Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP), Addis Ababa, October 25-28, 2010.
Agriculture Extension and Advisory Services under the New Normal of Climate ...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
In the years to come climate change, coupled with population growth, energy and natural resource depletion, will increasingly challenge our continued ability to feed ourselves. As we move forward, persistent problems, past failures and new challenges within Extension change agents and advisory service (EAS) provisioning have the potential to converge in a perfect storm as the scramble to adapt to the new normal of life under climate change intensifies. This presentation outlines the nature of the challenges, identifies past and present points of successful EAS engagement and outlines necessary areas of preparation
Climate Action in the southwestern part of Bangladesh ppt- Akib Hossain Mehed...AkibMehedi
Bangladesh-a south Asian country is one of the most climate change vulnerable country in the world. Climate change, salinity and cyclone make the country's southwestern part more vulnerable. This ppt shows climate impacts, adaptive capacities and mitigation measures of coastal communities, to cope with impacts of climate change-induced salinity on their livelihoods and water security.
Farm-level options for accelerating the transition towards climate smart agri...CIAT
The difference between clever and smart people is mainly that clever people can get in and out of problems which smart people would not have gotten into in the first place. In the same light, faced with multifaceted challenges related to climate change, smartness would entail adapting our agricultural systems to avoid experiencing the negative impacts of climate change. In other words, climate smart agriculture (CSA) involves changing our agricultural systems to simultaneously address climate change challenges such as low food production, accelerated land degradation and increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. To achieve these objectives, agricultural systems should (1) sustainably increase productivity; (2) adapt and build resilience to climate change; and (3) reduce and/or avoid the emission of greenhouse gases. As will be discussed in this presentation, there is definitely no single agricultural technology or practice that can be universally applied to achieve these objectives. Nonetheless, site-specific assessments should be pursued to identify suitable agricultural practices, technologies, polices, financing and institutional arrangements that enhance smartness within a given situation. It will be noted that CSA is not necessarily based on new practices, technologies, polices and institutions. However, it involves holistically and simultaneously addressing challenges related to climate change by using a combination of familiar practices, technologies, polices and institutions in strategic but unfamiliar ways; that are not counterproductive. Moreover, the presentation aims to start a conversation on part of the work that has been done, is being done and can be done, through CIAT, to accelerate the transition towards smarter agriculture systems to ensure that, similar to smart people, we can avoid problems that complicate ours and the lives of generations to come.
Presentation by Claudia Ringler, Hartwig Kremer and Cheikh Mbow at the UNEA Science Policy Interface, May 19-20
Presentation focuses on the concept of the water, food and energy nexus and its importance within the development context. It also provides a number of cases highlighting nexus issues.
The Accelerating Impact of CGIAR Climate Research for Africa (AICCRA) project works to deliver a climate-smart African future driven by science and innovation in agriculture.
AICCRA does this by enhancing access to climate information services and climate-smart agricultural technology to millions of smallholder farmers in Africa.
With better access to climate technology and advisory services—linked to information about effective response measures—farmers can better anticipate climate-related events and take preventative action that help communities better safeguard their livelihoods and the environment.
AICCRA is supported by a grant from the International Development Association (IDA) of the World Bank, which is used to enhance research and capacity-building activities by the CGIAR centers and initiatives as well as their partners in Africa.
About IDA: IDA helps the world’s poorest countries by providing grants and low to zero-interest loans for projects and programmes that boost economic growth, reduce poverty, and improve poor people’s lives.
IDA is one of the largest sources of assistance for the world’s 76 poorest countries, 39 of which are in Africa.
Annual IDA commitments have averaged about $21 billion over circa 2017-2020, with approximately 61 percent going to Africa.
This presentation was given on 27 October 2021 by Mengpin Ge, Global Climate Program Associate at WRI, during the webinar "Achieving NDC Ambition in Agriculture" organized by CCAFS, FAO and WRI.
Find the recording and more information here: https://bit.ly/AchievingNDCs
This presentation was given on 27 October 2021 by Sabrina Rose, Policy Consultant at CCAFS, during the webinar "Achieving NDC Ambition in Agriculture" organized by CCAFS, FAO and WRI.
Find the recording and more information here: https://bit.ly/AchievingNDCs
This presentation was given on 27 October 2021 by Krystal Crumpler, Climate Change and Agricultural Specialist at FAO, during the webinar "Achieving NDC Ambition in Agriculture" organized by CCAFS, FAO and WRI.
Find the recording and more information here: https://bit.ly/AchievingNDCs
This presentation was meant to be included in the 2021 CLIFF-GRADS Welcome Webinar and presented by Ciniro Costa Jr. (CCAFS).
The webinar recording can be found here: https://youtu.be/UoX6aoC4fhQ
The multilevel CSA monitoring set of standard core uptake and outcome indicators + expanded indicators linked to a rapid and reliable ICT based data collection instrument to systematically
assess and monitor:
- CSA Adoption/ Access to CIS
- CSA effects on food security and livelihoods household level)
- CSA effects on farm performance
Presented by Harsh Rajpal, Code Partners Pte. Ltd., on 30 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
Presented by Ciniro Costa Jr., CCAFS, on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
Presented by Marion de Vries, Wageningen Livestock Research at Wageningen University, on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
Presented by Issac Emery, Informed Sustainability Consulting, on 29 June 2021 at the second day of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
Presented by Hongmin Dong and Sha Wei, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
Presented by Lini Wollenberg, CCAFS, on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
Presentation by Han Soethoudt, Jan Broeze, and Heike Axmann of Wageningen University & Resaearch (WUR).
WUR and Olam Rice Nigeria conducted a controlled experiment in Nigeria in which mechanized rice harvesting and threshing were introduced on smallholder farms. The result of the study shows that mechanization considerably reduces losses, has a positive impact on farmers’ income, and the climate.
Learn more: https://www.wur.nl/en/news-wur/show-day/Mechanization-helps-Nigerian-farms-reduce-food-loss-and-increase-income.htm
Presentation on the rapid evidence review findings and key take away messages.
Current evidence for biodiversity and agriculture to achieve and bridging gaps in research and investment to reach multiple global goals.
This presentation was given at an internal workshop in April 2020 and was presented by Le Hoang Anh, Hoang Thi Thien Huong, Le Thi Thanh Huyen, and Nguyen Thi Lien Huong.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Improving the quantification of agriculture emissions in low-income countries by DR. Todd Rosenstock
1. Improving the quantification of agricultural
greenhouse gas emissions in low-income countries:
Standard Assessment of Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods in
Smallholder Systems (SAMPLES)
Todd Rosenstock, M Rufino, K Butterbach-Bahl, L Wollenberg, BO Sander, D Stern, D Pelster, H
Neufeldt, R Wassmann, L Verchot, P van Asten, C Arias-Navarro, G Saiz, E Diaz-Pines, M Richards,
I Ortiz-Monasterio, ML Jat, M Tapio-Bistrom, M Peters, A Castro, T Sapkota, and many others
CCAFS Live Stream| 4 December 2013
Photo courtesy of L Wollenberg
5. But what do we really know about the impact of smallholders on
greenhouse gas emissions and removals in developing countries?
Virtually no data
+ = field
= lab-based
Studies of N2O emissions from managed soils in SSA
Hickman et al. in prep
6. Estimates based on data and models from other location
can provide erroneous estimates of sources and sinks
15
Local equation:
Our Equation
Brown, 1997
AGB (Mg)
12
Chave et al. 2005
Henry et al. 2009
As much as a 13%
underestimation of
biomass
9
6
3
0
0
30
60
90
120
dbh (cm)
Kuyah et al. 2012 Ag, Eco & Env.; Kuyah and Rosenstock in review
7. Predicting emissions for smallholder cropping
systems with available tools
800
Predicted CO2e kg/ha
Predicted by Cool Farm Tool
(CO2e kg ha-1 season-1)
1000
600
Maize Zimbabwe
400
Maize China
Maize Tanzania
200
Tea Kenya
Vegetables Kenya or Tanzania
0
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
Measured CO2e kg/ha
Measured (CO2e kg ha-1 season-1)
Richards et al. in prep
8. There is no data, so what…
• Calibrating to LED
• Emerging green economy
• Weakens position at global climate talk
Low-emissions
development
The green economy Global negotiations
9. White = livelihoods
Red = mitigation
The challenge
Cash crop
N2O
Feed
crop
Fuel
C sequestration
Pasture
Food/cash
CH4
C sequestration
Kaptumo, Kenya
11. Not all greenhouse gas numbers are
equally credible
Rochette and Eriksen-Hamil 2008
60% of 360 studies of N2O emissions were inadequately reported to have
confidence in results
12.
13. Development of new context specific methods
Research constraints
Spatial heterogeneity
Small-scale spatial heterogeneity
Analytical capacity
Arias-Navarro et al. 2013 SBB
14. Development of new context specific methods
Research constraints
Spatial heterogeneity
Small-scale spatial heterogeneity
Analytical capacity in the lab
Arias-Navarro et al. 2013 SBB
21. Deconstructing complex landscapes and farms
Complex landscape: f (m, n, o, p, q)
GIS
analysis, re
mote
sensing
Physical
environment
Food
security, pov
erty levels
Land
Livestock
Other assets
Sources of
incomes
Productivity,
GHG
emissions, cr
op
preferences
Characterise
fertility x
management
m Landscape units
n Farm types
p Farming
activities
o Common lands
q Land types
22. Landscape units and land users in Nyando, Kenya
Target locations for quantification
26. Social constraints to water differs among farmers
1) Canal irrigation (upstream, low area, Bulacan 1)
Should always have sufficient water
2) NIA-operated water pump (high-lying area, Bulacan 2)
Pumps water 24/7 to higher area, electr. fee
3) Community owned water pump (Tarlac)
Farmer buys diesel for usage of pump
4) Imposed AWD (canal end, Nueva Ecija)
Water is supplied every other week
Sander and Wassmann ongoing
27. Cumulative methane emissions in 2013 in
Philippine farmer fields
8
Bulacan 1 -66%
5.3
6
4
1.8
2
7.8
6
4
1.8
2
10
AWD
Tarlac
-70%
8
3.7
4
1.1
2
0
CF
10
t CO2-eq/ha*season
CF
t CO2-eq/ha*season
8
0
0
6
Bulacan 2 -77%
10
t CO2-eq/ha*season
t CO2-eq/ha*season
10
AWD
NE -65%
8.6
8
6
3.0
4
2
0
CF
AWD
CF
AWD
Sander and Wassmann ongoing
28. Alternate wetting and drying yields equal to
those of continuous flooding in 2013
grain yield (t/ha)
10
*
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CF AWD
Bulacan 1
CF AWD
Bulacan 2
CF AWD
Tarlac
CF AWD
Nueva Ecija
Sander and Wassmann ongoing
29. The efforts result in quantitative mitigation options
Measures being investigated
at various SAMPLES sites
Income & food
security
Mitigation of GHGs
CO2
CH4
N 2O
+/-
+
+
Improved diets
+
Water management
+
+
+
Manure management
+
+
+/-
Conservation agriculture
Improved cookstoves
Aforestation
+
From ‘+’s to
+
quantities and
+/+/ranges +/+
+
+/+/-
Nutrient management
+
+
+/-
Agroforestry
+
+
+/-
30. Activities
Measurement
guidelines
Consistent and
comparable data
Mapping propoor mitigation
opportunities
Capacity
development
Priorities for
research and
development
Human and
institutional
infrastructure
Outcomes
Integrated
assessment of
farming systems
Socially
acceptable,
place-based
solutions
31. Activities
Linking knowledge with action
Field-level
development
activities
Increased use of
LED solutions
National process
NAMAs
Evidence-based
climate change
planning
Design of land
based programs
32. Select examples of the SAMPLES 2014 research network
Nutrient management of
maize (CIMMYT)
Farm-level intensification
and avoided deforestation
(ICRAF)
Nutrient and residue
management/ rice and
wheat (CIMMYT)
Water
management/
rice (IRRI)
Silvopastoral systems
(CIAT)
Wetlands and perennial crop
management (IITA, ILRI)
Agroforestry, nutrient
management, landscapes
(ILRI, ICRAF, CIFOR)
10 countries
15 sites
33. Thank you
Standard Assessment of Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems
Funding provided by:
CCAFS, Environment Canada, Gov’t of Finland, USAID, Bayer
CropScience, ICAR, BMBF, DAAD, CLIFF
t.rosenstock@cgiar.org
Editor's Notes
From a famous 2009 paper by many experts led by Johan RockstromMany systems of earth have non-linear responses to changes, with important thresholds that, if crossed, could lead to disastrous changes such as a shift in the monsoon cycleThe proposed boundaries relate to values of control variables that represent a safe value for these thresholdsAgriculture makes a substantial contribution toward crossing those boundaries
~60% of global N2O budget15 studies, primary cause is fertilizer
The need for empirically validated equations. One could easily classify forests in Kenya according to Brown/Chave’s guidelines (rainfall, evapotranspiration) but then miss outAgricultural landscapes resemble a hybrid of dry and wet forest typeHenry et al. 2009 underestimated AGB
The need for empirically validated equations. One could easily classify forests in Kenya according to Brown/Chave’s guidelines (rainfall, evapotranspiration) but then miss outAgricultural landscapes resemble a hybrid of dry and wet forest typeHenry et al. 2009 underestimated AGB
-The challenge is development of a measurement program that can capture this type of heterogeneity, where there are multiple sources and siink and livelihood options-It is at the scales relevant to decision making-and it has the appropriate amount of uncertaintyMitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) ProgramFew data are available to know the impacts of smallholders on climateAcquiring better and more data is complicated by logistical and technical challenges
-This diagram shows the various components of the SAMPLES program (Standard Assessment of Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems). -I believe Mariana Rufino will specifically about the research compoenent later in the session-Highlights of this slide: - Integrated program from priority setting, methods development, capacity building and research - Currently being applied at two pilot sites, we are exploring different systems (Specifically selected because of mitigation potential but also to be as different as Multi-scale sampling procedure for GHG and livelihood indicatorsRigorous, consistent & low-cost measurement methodsTraining materials for field and lab techniciansPlace-based low-emission development solutionsDatabase of results possible). It is not only the systems that differ between the two sites, but also funcational components such as partners (e.g. NARS vs University). We are tryHuman and institutional capacity to carry out complex environmental research ing out different models to see what might work. (Inside the bubbles are key component for each site) - International consortium developing a protocol for (relatively) low-cost quantification greenhouse gas balance and mitigation options for farms and landscapes. The latter scale part being important because it corresponds with the scales at which decisions are being made, the household and communities - Funding form an international consortium including: Environment ministry of canada, CCAFS, UN FAO through the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture Program (MICCA)
-Methods, in the field, in the laboratory have a significnat impact on the results-And there is a large variation in the type of methods used-This study reviewed 360 chamber measurement of N2O and found nearly 60% made insufficiently rigorous measurement
Comparative analysis of methods across scale, cost and accuracy
This is how we’ve approached the landscape.We have stratified landscape into units using all sort of info.These landscapes have farmers (land users) and also common lands. This is the level at which we relate to poverty and food security, but not necessarily the level at which we measure emissions or productivity. So, for emissions measurement, we went to a finer level, at which we characterized field types (linked to management and emission potentials). The same can be done with common lands- types of woodlands or rangelands.
That information can then becombined with expert opinion about the climate impacts to help guide the samplingDifferent sources and sinks demand different measurement strategies over space and time.Relative strength of emission sources and sinksRelative potential to change practices and have substantial impacts on emissions (is there a technical potential to change)It will also provide you information where potential interventions might be
The purpose of this slide it:-list the -practices EADD is already advocating-show that productivity and climate mitigation are possible-what we need to know is the magnitude of the + and the direction of the +/- for a range of practices+ = has positive effect= has negative effect+/- = has uncertain effect, may depend on managementCO2 = carbon dioxideCH4 = methane (21x as potent CO2 over 100 years)N2O = nitrous oxide (310x as potent as CO2 over 100 years)
-This diagram shows the various components of the SAMPLES program (Standard Assessment of Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems). -I believe Mariana Rufino will specifically about the research compoenent later in the session-Highlights of this slide: - Integrated program from priority setting, methods development, capacity building and research - Currently being applied at two pilot sites, we are exploring different systems (Specifically selected because of mitigation potential but also to be as different as Multi-scale sampling procedure for GHG and livelihood indicatorsRigorous, consistent & low-cost measurement methodsTraining materials for field and lab techniciansPlace-based low-emission development solutionsDatabase of results possible). It is not only the systems that differ between the two sites, but also funcational components such as partners (e.g. NARS vs University). We are tryHuman and institutional capacity to carry out complex environmental research ing out different models to see what might work. (Inside the bubbles are key component for each site) - International consortium developing a protocol for (relatively) low-cost quantification greenhouse gas balance and mitigation options for farms and landscapes. The latter scale part being important because it corresponds with the scales at which decisions are being made, the household and communities - Funding form an international consortium including: Environment ministry of canada, CCAFS, UN FAO through the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture Program (MICCA)
-This diagram shows the various components of the SAMPLES program (Standard Assessment of Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems). -I believe Mariana Rufino will specifically about the research compoenent later in the session-Highlights of this slide: - Integrated program from priority setting, methods development, capacity building and research - Currently being applied at two pilot sites, we are exploring different systems (Specifically selected because of mitigation potential but also to be as different as Multi-scale sampling procedure for GHG and livelihood indicatorsRigorous, consistent & low-cost measurement methodsTraining materials for field and lab techniciansPlace-based low-emission development solutionsDatabase of results possible). It is not only the systems that differ between the two sites, but also funcational components such as partners (e.g. NARS vs University). We are tryHuman and institutional capacity to carry out complex environmental research ing out different models to see what might work. (Inside the bubbles are key component for each site) - International consortium developing a protocol for (relatively) low-cost quantification greenhouse gas balance and mitigation options for farms and landscapes. The latter scale part being important because it corresponds with the scales at which decisions are being made, the household and communities - Funding form an international consortium including: Environment ministry of canada, CCAFS, UN FAO through the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture Program (MICCA)