The document summarizes several important events from the Middle Ages period: 1) The Treaty of Verdun in 843 AD divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms among the sons of Louis the Pious after his death. 2) Otto I was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 962 AD, establishing the Ottonian Holy Roman Empire of Germany. 3) The Battle of Hastings in 1066 AD was a decisive Norman victory over the English army of King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England. 4) King John of England agreed to the Magna Carta in 1215 AD, which protected church rights and limited feudal payments to the Crown.

1. Middle Ages Period
Crislyn S. Garnica

2. Treaty of Verdun (843 AD)
• Signed in August 843, was the first of the treaties that divided
the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms among the three
surviving sons of Louis the Pious, who was the son of Charlemagne.
The treaty, signed in Verdun-sur-Meuse, ended the three-
year Carolingian Civil War

3. Ottonian Holy Roman Empire of Germany
(962 AD)
• Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973)
Traditionally known as Otto the Great (German: Otto der
Große, Italian: Ottone il Grande), was German king from 936 and Holy
Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973.[b] He was the oldest son
of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda.

4. The Battle of Hastings (1066 AD)
Was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-
French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an
English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold
Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
It took place approximately 7 miles (11 kilometres)
northwest of Hastings, close to the present-day town
of Battle, East Sussex, and was a
decisive Norman victory.

5. Declaration of Magna Carta
(1215 AD)
• (Magna Charta; "Great Charter")
A charter of rights agreed to by King John of
England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by
the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular
King and a group of rebel barons, it promised the protection of church
rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to
swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be
implemented through a council of 25 barons.

6. The Great Famine
(1315 – 1317 AD)
Started with bad weather in spring 1315. Crop failures lasted
through 1316 until the summer harvest in 1317, and Europe did not
fully recover until 1322. The period was marked by extreme levels of
crime, disease, mass death, and even cannibalism and infanticide.
The crisis had consequences for the Church, state, European society,
and for future calamities to follow in the 14th century.
The Great Famine of 1315–1317 (occasionally dated
1315–1322) was the first of a series of large-scale
crises that struck Europe early in the 14th century. Most of
Europe (extending east to Russia and south to Italy) was
affected.[1]The famine caused millions of deaths over an
extended number of years and marked a clear end to
the period of growth and prosperity from the 11th to the
13th centuries.

7. The Hundred Years War
(1337 AD)
A series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of
Plantagenet, rulers of the Kingdom of England, against the
French House of Valois, over the right to rule the Kingdom of France.
Each side drew many allies into the war. It was one of the most notable
conflicts of the Middle Ages, in which five generations of kings from
two rival dynasties fought for the throne of the largest kingdom
in Western Europe. The war marked both the height of chivalry and its
subsequent decline, and the development of strong national identities in
both countries.

8. The Black Death
(1348-1350 AD)
Also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or
the Plague, was one of the most
devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths
of an estimated 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia and peaking
in Europe from 1347 to 1351. The bacterium Yersinia pestis,
which results in several forms of plague, is believed to have
been the cause. The plague created a series of religious, social
and economic upheavals, which had profound effects on the
course of European history.
The Black Death is thought to have originated in the dry
plains of Central Asia, where it travelled along the Silk Road,
reaching Crimea by 1343.[5]From there, it was most likely
carried by Oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were
regular passengers on merchant ships, spreading throughout
the Mediterranean and Europe.

9. The Great Schism
(1378 – 1417 AD)
Also called Papal Schism, Great Occidental
Schism and Schism of 1378, was a split within the Catholic
Church lasting from 1378 to 1417[1] in which two, since 1410 even
three, men simultaneously claimed to be the true pope,
having excommunicated one another. Driven by politics rather than
any theological disagreement, the schism was ended by the Council
of Constance (1414–1418). For a time these rival claims to the papal
throne damaged the reputation of the office.

10. THAT’s ALL …
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