This example calculates the cracking width in a reinforced concrete foundation slab subjected to bending. The slab is 30 cm thick and has dimensions of 115 cm by 400 cm. Under short-term loads, the bending moment is 60 kNm. The reinforcement consists of 6 bars with a diameter of 14 mm and a total area of 9.23 cm2. The program calculates the cracking width and compares it to the standard benchmark value from the reference document. The results show good agreement between the program output and the handbook solution.

1. Autodesk®
Robot™ Structural Analysis
Professional
VERIFICATION MANUAL
FOR SNIP 52-01-2003 CODE

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Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Verification example 1 - Dimensioning reinforcement in rectangular section at bending...5
Verification example 2 - Dimensioning reinforcement in rectangular section at bending...7
Verification example 3 - Dimensioning reinforcement in T section at bending .......................9
Verification example 4 - Dimensioning reinforcement in rectangular section at
compression with bending..........................................................................................................................11
Verification example 5 - Dimensioning stirrups spacings reinforcement in the calculation
of inclined section of the action of shear forces...................................................................................14
Verification example 6 - Calculation of cracking width in panel..................................................16
Verification example 7 - Calculation of plate deflection..................................................................20

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INTRODUCTION
This verification manual contains numerical examples for structures prepared and originally calculated by
Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional version 2012. The comparison of results is still valid
for the next Robot versions.
All examples have been taken from handbooks that include benchmark tests covering fundamental types
of behavior encountered in structural analysis. Benchmark results (signed as “Handbook”) are recalled,
and compared with results of Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional (signed further as “Robot”).
Each example contains the following parts:
- title of the problem
- specification of the problem
- Robot solution to the problem
- outputs with calculation results and calculation notes
- comparison between Robot results and exact solution

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VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 1 - DIMENSIONING REINFORCEMENT IN
RECTANGULAR SECTION AT BENDING
This example is taken from [1] (in Russian): ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ БЕТОННЫХ И
ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ ТЯЖЕЛОГО БЕТОНА БЕЗ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО
НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ (к СП 52-101-2003), М., 2005 (example 2)
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Calculate the reinforcement in rectangular section at simple bending at ULS. In this example, the
results of the program are compared against [1]. One should note that we deal with theoretical
(required) areas of reinforcement here. The real (provided) reinforcement is generated by the
program in order to fulfill the theoretical reinforcement requirements and structural requirements,
and is not analyzed here.
GEOMETRY:
cross section 30х60 [cm]
cover to axis of longitudinal bars a = 4 [cm]
MATERIAL:
concrete B15 (Rb = 8,5 MPa)
reinforcing steel А300 (Rs = 270 MPa)
LOADS:
bending moment M = 200 [kNm]
IMPORTANT STEPS:
Define the geometry of the beam. The span geometry and the loads should be defined in order to
obtain bending moment in the mid-span equal to 200 kNm.
Set proper concrete and steel in Calculation Options, as a on the pictures below. Also create new
Element Type.

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RESULTS OF CALCULATION:
Theoretical areas [1] Robot
bottom reinf. As1 15,50 cm2 15,36 cm2

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VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 2 - DIMENSIONING REINFORCEMENT IN
RECTANGULAR SECTION AT BENDING
This example is taken from [1] (in Russian): ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ БЕТОННЫХ И
ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ ТЯЖЕЛОГО БЕТОНА БЕЗ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО
НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ (к СП 52-101-2003), М., 2005 (example 4)
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Calculate the reinforcement in rectangular section at simple bending at ULS. In this example, the
results of the program are compared against [1]. One should note that we deal with theoretical
(required) areas of reinforcement here. The real (provided) reinforcement is generated by the
program in order to fulfill the theoretical reinforcement requirements and structural requirements,
and is not analyzed here.
GEOMETRY:
cross section 30х80 [cm]
cover to axis of tension longitudinal bars a = 5 [cm]
cover to axis of compression longitudinal bars a’ = 3 [cm]
MATERIAL:
concrete B15 (Rb = 8,5 MPa)
reinforcing steel А400 (Rs = Rsc = 355 MPa)
LOADS:
bending moment M = 780 [kNm]
IMPORTANT STEPS:
Define the geometry of the beam. The span geometry and the loads should be defined in order to
obtain bending moment in the mid-span equal to 780 kNm.
Set proper concrete and steel in Calculation Options, as a on the pictures below. Also create new
Element Type.

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RESULTS OF CALCULATION:
Theoretical areas [1] Robot
bottom reinf. As1 37,24 cm2 36,2 cm2
top reinf. As2 8,63 cm2 8,64 cm2

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VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 3 - DIMENSIONING REINFORCEMENT IN T
SECTION AT BENDING
This example is taken from [1] (in Russian): ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ БЕТОННЫХ И
ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ ТЯЖЕЛОГО БЕТОНА БЕЗ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО
НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ (к СП 52-101-2003), М., 2005 (example 7)
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Calculate the reinforcement in T section at simple bending at ULS. In this example, the results of the
program are compared against [1]. One should note that we deal with theoretical (required) areas
of reinforcement here. The real (provided) reinforcement is generated by the program in order to
fulfill the theoretical reinforcement requirements and structural requirements, and is not analyzed
here.
GEOMETRY:
cross section b'f = 1500 mm, h'f = 50 mm, b = 200 mm, h = 400 mm
cover to axis of longitudinal bars a = 8 [cm]
MATERIAL:
concrete B25 (Rb = 14,5 MPa)
reinforcing steel А400 (Rs = Rsc = 355 MPa)
LOADS:
bending moment M = 260 [kNm]
IMPORTANT STEPS:
Define the geometry of the beam. The span geometry and the loads should be defined in order to
obtain bending moment in the mid-span equal to 260 kNm.

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Set proper concrete and steel in Calculation Options, as a on the pictures below. Also create new
Element Type.
RESULTS OF CALCULATION:
Theoretical areas [1] Robot
bottom reinf. As1 24,46 cm2 23,91 cm2

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VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 4 - DIMENSIONING REINFORCEMENT IN
RECTANGULAR SECTION AT COMPRESSION WITH BENDING
This example is taken from [1] (in Russian): ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ БЕТОННЫХ И
ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ ТЯЖЕЛОГО БЕТОНА БЕЗ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО
НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ (к СП 52-101-2003), М., 2005 (example 23)
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Calculate the reinforcement in rectangular section at compression with bending at ULS. In this
example, the results of the program are compared against [1]. One should note that we deal with
theoretical (required) areas of reinforcement here.
GEOMETRY:
cross section 40х40 [cm]
height of the column 4,8 [m]
cover to axis of longitudinal bars a = 5 [cm]
buckling length coefficient k = 1,2
MATERIAL:
concrete В25 (Rb = 14,5 MPa, Еb = 3∙105 MPa);
reinforcing steel А400 (Rs = Rsc = 355 MPa)
LOADS:
bending moment M = 270 [kNm]
compression force N = 1000 [kN]
IMPORTANT STEPS:
Define the geometry of the column. The value of horizontal load should be defined in order to
obtain bending moment in the end of column equal to 270 kNm.

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Set proper concrete and steel in Calculation Options, as a on the pictures below. Also create new
Element Type.

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RESULTS OF CALCULATION:
Theoretical areas [1] Robot
As1 = As2 19,18 cm2 19,63 cm2

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VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 5 - DIMENSIONING STIRRUPS SPACINGS
REINFORCEMENT IN THE CALCULATION OF INCLINED SECTION OF THE
ACTION OF SHEAR FORCES
This example is taken from [2] (in Russian): ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ И СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО В СИБИРИ,
№6(36), 2006 (табл.8)
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Calculate the shear reinforcement (stirrups spacings) in simply supported beam with rectangular
section. In this example, the results of the program are compared against [2].
GEOMETRY:
cross section 20х50 [cm]
cover to axis of longitudinal bars a = a ‘ = 4 [cm]
MATERIAL:
concrete В20 (Rbt = 0,9 MPa, γb2=0,9)
reinforcing steel А400 (Rsw = 285 MPa)
LOADS:
shear force Q = 270 [kN]
IMPORTANT STEPS:
Define the geometry of the beam. The span geometry and the loads should be defined in order to
obtain shear force in the end of the beam equal to 270 kN.
Set proper concrete and steel in Calculation Options, as a on the pictures below. Also create new
Element Type.

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RESULTS OF CALCULATION:
stirrups spacing [2] Robot
sw 10 cm 10 cm

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VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 6 - CALCULATION OF CRACKING WIDTH IN PANEL
This example is taken from [1] (in Russian): ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ БЕТОННЫХ И
ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ ТЯЖЕЛОГО БЕТОНА БЕЗ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО
НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ (к СП 52-101-2003), М., 2005 (example 43)
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Calculate the cracking width in foundation slab at bending at SLS.
GEOMETRY:
slab thickness 30 [cm]
slab dimensions 115 х 400 [cm]
MATERIAL:
concrete В15 (Rbt,ser = 1,1 MPa, Rt,ser = 11 MPa);
reinforcing steel А400 (Rs = Rsc = 355 МПа).

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bar diameter d = 14 [mm]
cover to axis of longitudinal bars a = 4,2 [cm]
Duration factor of loads = 0,83 (see below Loads)
LOADS:
By the condition of an example, the area of reinforcement and number of bars is: As = 9,23 [cm2] and
6 Ø 14 . To get this area of reinforcement on the ULS, we create load case DL1 with load pz = - 39
[kN/m2].

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For the calculation of SLS we create load case DL2 with load pz = -30 [kN/m2]. By the condition of
an example, bending moment in slab must be 60 [kNm] (including from long-term loads [kNm] and
correspondingly duration factor of loads 50/60 = 0,83).

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COMPARISON
Parameter [1] Robot
Reinforcement area in the
middle of the plate As
9,23 cm2 9,29 cm2
Long-term cracking width acrc 0,2 mm 0,2 mm

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VERIFICATION EXAMPLE 7 - CALCULATION OF PLATE DEFLECTION
This example is taken from [1] (in Russian): ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ БЕТОННЫХ И
ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ ТЯЖЕЛОГО БЕТОНА БЕЗ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО
НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ (к СП 52-101-2003), М., 2005 (example 45)
DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE:
Calculate of deflection in the slab at bending at SLS.
GEOMETRY:
slab thickness 20 [cm]
slab dimensions 100 х 560 [cm]
MATERIAL:
concrete B15 (Rbt,ser = 1,1 MPa, Rt,ser = 11 MPa)
reinforcing steel А400 (Rs = Rsc = 355 MPa)
cover to axis of longitudinal bars a = 2,7 [cm]

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Duration factor of loads = 0,93 (see below Loads)
LOADS:
By the condition of an example, the area of reinforcement and number of bars is: As = 7,69 [cm2] and
5 Ø 14 . To get this area of reinforcement on the ULS, we create load case DL1 with load pz = - 9,75
[kN/m2].

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For the calculation of SLS we create load case DL2 with load pz = -7 [kN/m2]. By the condition of an
example, bending moment in slab must be 6,5 [kNm] (including from long-term loads [kNm] and
correspondingly duration factor of loads 6,5/7 = 0,93).

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COMPARISON
Parameter [1] Robot
Reinforcement area in the
middle of the plate As
7,69 cm2 7,69 cm2
Deflection 3,15 cm 3,1 cm

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LITERATURE
1. ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЮ БЕТОННЫХ ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ИЗ
ТЯЖЕЛОГО БЕТОНА БЕЗ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ
(к СП 52- 101-2003), М., 2005
2. ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ И СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО В СИБИРИ, №6(36), 2006
3. СП 52-101-2003. БЕТОННЫЕ И ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ БЕЗ
ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО НАПРЯЖЕНИЯ АРМАТУРЫ, М., 2006.