The Three Gorges Dam is the largest hydroelectric dam in the world, built on the Yangtze River in China. Construction took place from 1993 to 2009 in three phases and involved building a 2.3 km long, 185 meter tall concrete dam. The dam provides flood control, electricity generation, navigation and irrigation benefits but also caused massive relocation of over 1.2 million people and submerged cultural sites. It is equipped with a 5-step ship lock and ship lift to aid river transportation.

1. THE THREE GORGES
DAM

2. Table of Contents:
No. Headlines
1. Introduction
2. Duration
3. Materials
4. Construction Technique
5. Construction Equipment
6. Specific Problems & solutions
7. summary

3. INTRODUCTION
 The Three Gorges Dam is the
largest concrete structure on the
planet.
 Built on the Yangtze river in china.
 It is the largest hydro power project
in the world.
 It is a multi objective dam with great
benefits in flood control, power
generation, navigation and so on.

4. The Yangtze river
 The Yangtze river is the largest river
in Asia and the third largest in the
world.
 The river is more than 6000 kms long
and at places several kms wide.
 It is one of the biggest rivers by
discharge volume in the world.
 River is one of the worlds busiest
waterways.

5. Flood records of the Yangtze river
 The Yangtze river is very notorious and
unpredictable in its flow.
 Some of the major floods occurred in
1931,1935,1949,1954,1998.
 The most severe being the flood in
1935 which killed 1,42,000 people.
 Over the years china has lost billions of
dollars due to the flooding in the
Yangtze river.

6. Durations
Construction was carried out in 3 phases.
Phase
Phase
Phase
1(1993-1997) - excavation for river diversion
2(1998-2003) - construction of spillway, left bank power house and ship lock.
3(2004-2009) - construction of right bank channel.

7. Material:
As a steel-concrete gravity dam, the Three Gorges used concrete steel
and sand rock materials.
Concrete: 27.2 million cubic meters (35.5 million cubic yards).
Steel reinforcing bars: 354,000 tons

8. Construction
Construction of main body
includes
Rock and earth excavation of 102.83
million cubic metre.

Concrete placement of 27.2 million
cubic metre.
Rock and earth refill of 31.98 million
cubic metre.
Metal frame installation of 256,500
tonnes.
Installation of 32 turbine generator
units , each of 700 MW capacity
each.


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9. Coffer dams for river
diversion.

10. Construction Equipment’s:
•4500-kN gantry crane Model II stands on Three Gorges Dam.
•Cableways for concrete placement.
•4,000-kN/1,250-kN two-way gantry crane.
•Portal-type bucket wheel stacker-reclaimer.
•Stacker-reclaimer for circular storage yard.
•Bucket chain unloader.
• Concrete Cylinder Pipe.
• T Column assembled hydraulic trailer engine.

11. Ship lock facility
 the ship lock is five step and double
way type.
 The locks are 280 metres long ,35
metres wide and 5 metres deep.
 The transit time is 4 hours.
 The max vessel size is 10,000 tonnes.
 40,000 tonnes of metal structures
were used to construct the ship lock.

12. Ship lift facility
 Ship lift is a kind of elevator for vessels.
 Designed to lift ships upto 3000 tonnes.
 Will lift ships vertically upto 113 metres
high.
 Lift basin is 120 metres long, 18 metres
wide and 3.5 metres deep.
 Transit time 30-40 minutes.
 Due to be completed in 2015.

13. Relocation and resettlement
The TGP reservoir inundated 632 km sq. of
land and 24,500 hectares of farmland.

1.24 million people were relocated to higher
grounds.

So far 13 cities, 140 towns and 1600 villages
have been submerged under the worlds largest
reservoir.

The
was
total cost spent on relocating people
6.5 billion dollars.

The relocation process was the largest for a
river water project.

14. Re location

15. Benefits of the dam
 FLOOD CONTROL.
 CHEAPER AND CLEAN SOURCE
OF ELECTRICITY.
 IMPROVED NAVIGATION.
 BETTER IRRIGATIONAL FACILITIES
DURING DRY SEASON.
 BETTER WASTE MANAGEMENT.
 IMPROVED TOURISM.

16. Environmental Benefits
By providing hydroelectricity at such
a high scale, the TGP has saved 31
million tonnes of coal and
prevented..
100 million tonnes of green house
gas per year.
1 million tonnes of sulphur dioxide
per year.
370,000 tonnes of nitric oxide.
10,000 tonnes of carbon
monoxide.
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17. Navigational benefits
 The installation of ship locks and ship lift
has increased river shipping from 10 million
tonnes to 100 million tonnes annually.
 Transportation rates are cut by 30-37 %.
 The water traffic on the Yangtze has
increased by 6 times.
 Improved navigation on the upstream side.

18. Drawbacks of the TGP
 SILT FACTOR
 LAND SLIDES
 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION
 LOSS OF WILDLIFE
 RELOCATION OF OVER A MILLION
PEOPLE.
 LOSS OF IMPORTANT
ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES

19. Drawbacks
530 million tonnes of sediment into the
reservoir every year.
The 600 km long reservoir flooded
1400 archaeological sites .
Due to high water levels on upstream
side, major landslides have occurred in
the recent past.
80% of the land area is experiencing
erosion.
Shanghai sits on a sedimentary plain. Loss
of endangered species due to the
change in water level and water
quality. (ex-Chinese river dolphin)
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20. THANK
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