The document summarizes key details about the Three Gorges Dam in China. It is the world's largest hydroelectric power station by installed capacity at 22,500 MW. Located along the Yangtze River between Chongqing and Wuhan, the dam is 2,335 meters long, 115 meters wide, and 185 meters tall. It controls flooding, provides electricity for 60 million people, improves shipping, and has saved coal emissions but required relocating 1.3 million people and submerged historical sites.

1. INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
THREE GORGES DAM
BY :- AMIT KUMAR
Enrollment No. 20542001

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Contents
• Introduction
• Location of Dam
• Technical & Equipment details of Plant
• Construction of Dam
• Advantages of Dam
• Disadvantages of Dam
• Facts

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Introduction
 Three Gorges Dam is a Gravity Dam.
 It spans through Yangtze River in Hubei province China.
 It is the world largest Hydroelectric power plant in term of
installed capacity is 22,500 MW.
 The construction of Gorges Dam was started on 14th
December in 1994 and it was fully operational in July 2012.

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Location of Dam
 The Three Gorges Dam located on Yangtze River between
Chongqing and Wuhan in East China.
 Yangtze River is the longest river (6300 km) in Asia and third
longest river in world (entirely flow in one country).
 The Gorges Dam is 2335meters long and 115 meters wide.
 The top of the Dam is 185 meters high above sea level.
 The Dam is constructed in Three-Phases.
 Phase I (1994– 1997) river dammed.
 Phase II (1998 – 2003) begin water store.
 Phase III (2004 – 2012) completion of whole project.

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Technical & Equipment Details of Plant
 The Three Gorges Dam is the world largest capacity (22500 MW)
hydroelectric Power Plant equipped with 32 main Generators and 02
small Generator.
 32 main generators each with capacity of 700 MW.
 Out of 32 generators, 14 are installed in north side of Dam, 12 in south
side of Dam and 06 in under ground power plant.
 Turbines installed in plant are Francis turbine.

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 The Dam reservoir is about 660 km in length and 1.12 km in
width.
 It contains 39.3 cubic km of water.
 Discharge capacity of Dam is 1,16,110 cubic m/sec.
 Annual energy generation 98.5 TW-hour.

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Construction of Dam
 Rock and earth excavation of 102.83 million cubic metre.
 Concrete placement of 27.2 million cubic metre.
 Rock and earth refill of 31.98 million cubic metre.
 Steel used 4.63 million tonnes(which is enough to built 63
Eiffel Tower).

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Advantages of Three Gorges Dam
An important function of the dam is to control flooding,
which is a major problem for the seasonal river of the
Yangtze.
The reservoir's flood storage capacity will reduce the
frequency of major flooding from once every ten years to
once every 100 year.
 Electricity produced by Three Gorges hydroelectric
power plant supplied to 60 million people.
It has ship lock and ship lift facility to increase the
shipping. The ship locks are 280m long & 35m wide.
The ship lift can lift upto 10,000 tonnes ship.
The vertical distance travelled is 113 meters and ship lift
takes 30 to 40 minutes to transit.

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 By providing hydroelectricity at such a high scale, the TGP
has saved 31 million tonnes of coal and prevented.
 Reduce in emission of 100 million tonnes of green house gas
per year.
 1 million tonnes of sulphur dioxide per year.
 Improved navigation system.
 Transport rates are cut by 30 – 37 %.

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Disadvantages
 Migration problem was the biggest difficult point of the Three
Gorges Dam Project.
 China relocated 1.3 million people during the 18 years it took
to complete the Three Gorges dam.
 The fund for migration covers 45% of the total investment.
 After the water storage, about 129 cities and towns were
flooded.
 Over 100 towns and 1000 historical places were submerged.
 Landslides Erosion in the reservoir causes frequent major
landslides that have led to noticeable disturbance in the
surrounding area.

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 Official cost 25 billion dollars whereas real cost was 75
billion dollars.
 Although this Dam can withstand a massive earthquake of
magnitude 7.0 but if it ever collapse about 360 million
people would be in danger.
 The Dam will Actually slow down the rotation of planet
Earth by 0.66 microseconds.
Facts

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