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The document discusses three theorists - Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, and Claude Levi-Strauss - and their theories on narrative structure. Todorov proposed that all narratives follow the structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and a return to equilibrium. Propp identified common character archetypes in stories, including heroes, villains, helpers, and dispatchers. Levi-Strauss believed narratives are driven by binary oppositions such as good vs evil, young vs old, and male vs female. Examples of films that do and do not support each theorist's ideas are provided.
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Narrative powerpoint
Narratives across different cultures generally follow common structural patterns involving disruption of equilibrium, action in response, and restoration of a new equilibrium, with theorists like Propp and Campbell identifying universal narrative archetypes like The Hero's Journey. Narrative theory examines how stories are constructed through elements like characters, events, themes, and the relationship between the story and its telling. Understanding narrative conventions and how they shape meaning is important for analyzing how media texts engage audiences.
Assignment 8: Narrative theory
This document provides an overview and analysis of various narrative theories including those proposed by Todorov, Levi-Strauss, Barthes, Propp, and Cameron. It discusses the key concepts of each theorist such as Todorov's 5 stages of narrative, Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions, Barthes' codes, Propp's 7 character types and 31 functions, and Cameron's modular narratives. Examples are given for each concept drawing from films like The Hunger Games.
Narrative theories
Todorov proposed that all narratives have three basic stages - an initial equilibrium, a disruption to that equilibrium, and a resolution that establishes a new equilibrium. This theory is then demonstrated by summarizing the plots of two movies, 27 Dresses and The Hangover, in three sentences according to Todorov's three stages. Propp studied Russian fairytales and identified eight character archetypes that are often present, including the hero, villain, donor, and princess. His theory is then briefly applied to the characters in Star Wars. Vogler identified 12 stages of the classic hero's journey narrative structure based on his analysis of many films, which became very influential in Hollywood screenwriting.
Approaches To Narrative Theory
The document discusses various approaches to analyzing narratives. It describes Aristotle's view that narratives have a beginning, middle, and end. It also outlines Vladimir Propp's analysis of 31 possible narrative functions that tend to appear in folktales in a consistent sequence. Additionally, it discusses Joseph Campbell's concept of the "monomyth" or hero's journey narrative structure that is common across cultures.
Vladimir propp
Vladimir Propp was a literary scholar who developed a theory of narrative structure and character types. He proposed that all stories contain eight character archetypes, including the villain, dispatcher, helper, princess/prize, donor, and hero. Propp's theory influenced storytelling and filmmaking by providing a framework for crafting narratives with recognizable characters fulfilling specific functions that drive the plot forward.
Assignment 8
Green Goblin
Green Goblin is presented as the Villain as he wants to harm and cause destruction to others for his own selfish gain of power, presenting him as the binary opposite to Spiderman who saves people selflessly.
Narrative theory
The document discusses different models of narrative structure that can be applied to media texts, including Propp's 31 narrative functions model, Todorov's 5-stage model of narrative, and Roland Barthes' 5 codes of narrative. Propp believed narratives follow a sequence of 31 possible functions or plot points, such as one family member leaving home or a villain deceiving the victim. Todorov saw narratives as moving from an initial equilibrium, through disruption, an attempt to rectify it, to a new equilibrium. Barthes identified codes like hermeneutic (mystery), proairetic (action), and semantic (meaning).
Narrative theory
Claude Levi-Strauss theorized that all narratives are driven by binary oppositions such as good vs evil that must be resolved. Allan Cameron identified four types of modular narratives: anachronic, forking path, episodic, and split screen. Vladimir Propp suggested there are 7 main character types in narratives including the hero, villain, donor, helper, princess, false hero, and dispatcher. Tzvetan Todorov simplified narrative theory to 5 main stages: a state of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium, recognition of disruption, attempt to repair disruption, and reinstatement of equilibrium which is never identical to the original state.
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Narrative powerpoint
Narratives across different cultures generally follow common structural patterns involving disruption of equilibrium, action in response, and restoration of a new equilibrium, with theorists like Propp and Campbell identifying universal narrative archetypes like The Hero's Journey. Narrative theory examines how stories are constructed through elements like characters, events, themes, and the relationship between the story and its telling. Understanding narrative conventions and how they shape meaning is important for analyzing how media texts engage audiences.
Assignment 8: Narrative theory
This document provides an overview and analysis of various narrative theories including those proposed by Todorov, Levi-Strauss, Barthes, Propp, and Cameron. It discusses the key concepts of each theorist such as Todorov's 5 stages of narrative, Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions, Barthes' codes, Propp's 7 character types and 31 functions, and Cameron's modular narratives. Examples are given for each concept drawing from films like The Hunger Games.
Narrative theories
Todorov proposed that all narratives have three basic stages - an initial equilibrium, a disruption to that equilibrium, and a resolution that establishes a new equilibrium. This theory is then demonstrated by summarizing the plots of two movies, 27 Dresses and The Hangover, in three sentences according to Todorov's three stages. Propp studied Russian fairytales and identified eight character archetypes that are often present, including the hero, villain, donor, and princess. His theory is then briefly applied to the characters in Star Wars. Vogler identified 12 stages of the classic hero's journey narrative structure based on his analysis of many films, which became very influential in Hollywood screenwriting.
Approaches To Narrative Theory
The document discusses various approaches to analyzing narratives. It describes Aristotle's view that narratives have a beginning, middle, and end. It also outlines Vladimir Propp's analysis of 31 possible narrative functions that tend to appear in folktales in a consistent sequence. Additionally, it discusses Joseph Campbell's concept of the "monomyth" or hero's journey narrative structure that is common across cultures.
Vladimir propp
Vladimir Propp was a literary scholar who developed a theory of narrative structure and character types. He proposed that all stories contain eight character archetypes, including the villain, dispatcher, helper, princess/prize, donor, and hero. Propp's theory influenced storytelling and filmmaking by providing a framework for crafting narratives with recognizable characters fulfilling specific functions that drive the plot forward.
Assignment 8
Green Goblin
Green Goblin is presented as the Villain as he wants to harm and cause destruction to others for his own selfish gain of power, presenting him as the binary opposite to Spiderman who saves people selflessly.
Narrative theory
The document discusses different models of narrative structure that can be applied to media texts, including Propp's 31 narrative functions model, Todorov's 5-stage model of narrative, and Roland Barthes' 5 codes of narrative. Propp believed narratives follow a sequence of 31 possible functions or plot points, such as one family member leaving home or a villain deceiving the victim. Todorov saw narratives as moving from an initial equilibrium, through disruption, an attempt to rectify it, to a new equilibrium. Barthes identified codes like hermeneutic (mystery), proairetic (action), and semantic (meaning).
Narrative theory
Claude Levi-Strauss theorized that all narratives are driven by binary oppositions such as good vs evil that must be resolved. Allan Cameron identified four types of modular narratives: anachronic, forking path, episodic, and split screen. Vladimir Propp suggested there are 7 main character types in narratives including the hero, villain, donor, helper, princess, false hero, and dispatcher. Tzvetan Todorov simplified narrative theory to 5 main stages: a state of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium, recognition of disruption, attempt to repair disruption, and reinstatement of equilibrium which is never identical to the original state.
Conventions of a thriller film
The document discusses the conventions of thriller films, including that they typically involve a protagonist battling an antagonist to restore peace, with the protagonist usually being a brave male who saves an innocent female. It also notes that the antagonist can take various mysterious forms and dresses according to the plot, while characters' costumes are used to convey traits like strength for males and vulnerability for females. Additionally, the themes of thrillers often relate to societal fears.
Propp and todorov
The document compares Propp's and Todorov's narrative structures, with Propp outlining 7 stages including preparation, complication, struggle, and recognition, and Todorov focusing on equilibrium, disruption, recognition of disruption, attempt to repair disruption, and restoration of equilibrium; it also explains Propp's 7 character types like hero, villain, helper, and prize.
Vladimir Propp's and Tzvetan Todorov’s Narrative Theory
The document discusses Vladimir Propp's theory of narrative roles and applies it to the Pixar film "The Incredibles." It identifies the main characters - Mr. Incredible as the hero, Syndrome as the villain, Mirage and the public as heroines, and Frozone, Helen, Dash, Violet, and Edna Mode as helpers. It also identifies the first omnidroid and Syndrome's computer as donors and Edna Mode as providing brief mentorship. The document then discusses Todorov's theory of narrative structure and applies it to the five stages of equilibrium, disruption, recognition, attempt to repair, and new equilibrium seen in the plot of "The Incredibles."
Narrative theory
This document discusses several narrative theorists and how their theories relate to the film The Shining. It examines Vladimir Propp's identification of character roles and narrative functions, and how some but not all apply to characters in The Shining. It also discusses Bordwell and Thompson's ideas about how narratives shape events in time and space, and how techniques like flashbacks demonstrate this in The Shining. Finally, it analyzes Claude Levi-Strauss's concept of binary oppositions revealed in the text, and Tzvetan Todorov's model of equilibrium disruption and restoration, both of which can be seen in elements of The Shining.
Strauss binary opposites
Strauss developed the theory of binary opposites, which argues that words derive meaning from their relationship with opposing words. Binary opposites are frequently used in films, especially horror, with common pairs including good vs evil, sane vs insane, and human vs supernatural. While opposites were once simple, like good vs bad in fighting films, modern films use more complex and unusual pairs, as seen in the gradual revelation of vampires vs werewolves in the Twilight series. Harry Potter also relies on the clear binary of Harry as the good guy opposed to Voldemort as the evil one.
The final girl theory
The document discusses Carol J. Clover's "Final Girl Theory" about horror film tropes. It notes that Clover identified viewers initially share perspectives of both the killer and victims but come to solely identify with the "final girl" - the last surviving female. The main plot of horror films involves a group of victims being hunted one by one by a killer until only one, a final girl, is left to kill the killer or escape. The final girl is often sexually unavailable and pursues the killer actively through curiosity and intelligence, taking on masculine traits like weapons. For a horror film to succeed, it needs the final girl to express abject terror, as viewers would reject this emotion coming from a male character.
Develop or challenge conventions
The document discusses how the media product's trailer challenges conventions of the horror genre. It researched conventions like low-key lighting and isolation. It had low lighting in a hospital scene but also used gore. It challenged having a white antagonist by choosing a teenager. The trailer aimed to create realism by exposing the bloodied antagonist in a gown. It was influenced by revenge themes and had voiceovers to project messages. It challenged genres by having an older protagonist rather than the typical young white male, and having a young female as the vulnerable yet threatening antagonist.
Narrative theory
This document provides instructions and information for an assignment on narrative theory. It outlines several key narrative theorists that students are expected to understand, including Todorov, Strauss, Barthes, Propp, and Cameron. For the assignment, students must create a PowerPoint explaining these theorists' concepts and providing examples from films. It provides details on the theorists' ideas, such as Todorov's 5 stages of narrative, Strauss' concept of binary oppositions, Barthes' narrative codes, Propp's character spheres and narrative functions, and Cameron's terms like diegesis and narrative range/depth. Students are instructed to analyze films using these concepts and include examples in their PowerPoint.
Narrative
This document summarizes several narrative structures and theories:
- Todorov's narrative structure outlines an equilibrium, disruption, recognition of disruption, and new equilibrium.
- Propp identified 8 character types (hero, villain, etc.) and 31 narrative functions that move stories forward.
- Levi-Strauss suggested binary oppositions (good/evil, men/women, etc.) create conflict and drive narratives by being resolved. These binaries are culturally constructed.
Narrative theory
The document provides instructions for an assignment on narrative theory, asking the student to create a PowerPoint explaining the theories of Todorov, Levi-Strauss, Barthes, and Propp and applying them to films. It includes descriptions of each theorist's approach, such as Todorov's 5 stages of narrative, Levi-Strauss' concept of binaries and oppositions, and Barthes' narrative codes. The student is asked to analyze films using these theories and include examples in their PowerPoint.
Propp's theory + Todorov's theory
Vladimir Propp discovered there are usually 7 main character types in films: the hero, villain, dispatcher, helper, princess, false hero, and princess' father. Tzvetan Todorov proposed that all narratives follow 5 stages: an initial equilibrium, a disruption of that order, a recognition of the disruption, an attempt to repair the damage, and a new equilibrium. Propp's theory describes common character roles while Todorov's theory outlines a typical narrative structure progressing from normality to resolution.
Narrative theory
The document discusses several theories of narrative structure:
- Vladimir Propp's theory that Russian fairy tales follow a structure of character types like the hero and villain who drive the plot through their actions and motives.
- Todorov's theory that most narratives follow a basic structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium caused by disruption, and a new equilibrium restored at the end.
- The classical Hollywood narrative structure which resolves all mysteries by the end to give a sense of closure. Causality and cause/effect relationships are also important aspects of narrative.
Media Theories Presentation
The document summarizes several narrative and film theories introduced by thinkers such as Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Claude Levi Strauss, Roland Barthes, Carol Clover, and Sigmund Freud. It discusses their concepts of classic narrative structure, character archetypes, the role of conflict and resolution in stories, how audiences derive pleasure from predictable and unpredictable events, gender dynamics like the "Final Girl" trope in horror films, and Freud's model of the id, ego and superego.
Narrative
The document provides an overview of narrative theory and how it can be applied to analyze stories. Some key concepts discussed include the following:
- Narratives reflect real-life patterns of causality and have a disruption/disequilibrium that is resolved by the end.
- Structuralist theorists like Propp and Levi-Strauss analyzed common patterns in stories including character roles and binary oppositions.
- Narrative theory can be used to analyze any text by examining how it sequences events, constructs characters, and creates a sense of enigma/questioning.
Kirstie and lauren, narrative
1. Todorov created a narrative theory in 1969 that most stories follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium by an event, and restoration of a new equilibrium.
2. Propp identified 7 character types that commonly appear in stories, including the villain, donor, dispatcher, and hero.
3. Levi-Strauss discussed the concept of binary oppositions, or pairs of opposites like raw vs cooked, that structure human thought and culture.
Theory
The document discusses several theorists and their perspectives on narrative structure in media. Tzvetan Todorov believed that all narratives follow an equilibrium-disequilibrium-equilibrium structure, with acknowledgment of and attempted repair of the disequilibrium. Vladimir Propp identified character archetypes like the protagonist, antagonist, and helper. Claude Levi-Strauss saw narratives as reflecting binary oppositions. Roland Barthes identified codes like the enigma code and action code that are important parts of storytelling. Cultural codes also enhance understanding by providing context about settings and time periods.
Narrative theories brief version
The document discusses different approaches to analyzing narratives. It explains that narratives have common structural elements like a beginning, middle, and end (Aristotle). Narratives also involve an initial equilibrium that is disrupted, leading characters to try and restore the equilibrium (Todorov). Propp identified common character roles and sequence of plot events across folktales. The document also discusses Levi-Strauss' idea of binary oppositions that drive narrative conflict. Overall, the structuralist view is that narratives share underlying patterns and relationships between elements that can be uncovered through analysis.
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This document discusses representations in horror films. It outlines common character archetypes like the hero, villain, victim, and helper. It describes traits of these characters like gender, appearance, and role in the story. It also discusses how class, age, gender, and ethnicity are typically portrayed. Narrative and audience theories that apply to the genre are explained, such as how horror films follow patterns defined by Todorov and Propp and how they entertain audiences seeking escape.
Vladimir propp
Vladimir Propp was a Russian scholar born in 1895 who believed that all stories contain 7 main character types and follow a structure of 31 narrative functions. He theorized that every story can be broken down into these components, including characters like the hero, villain, donor, and magical helper who each have defined roles that advance the plot. Propp studied how different narratives manipulate these character types and functions to create various story outcomes.
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The document lists various cinematic conventions and techniques commonly used in crime dramas, including slow motion shots, medium close-up shots of main characters at standard camera height, steady camera pans, ambient music and sound, dark color palettes often featuring browns, voice over narration, and titles focused on the crime and main characters. Crime is a central theme and stories follow the main characters as they investigate and pursue criminals through camera movements across various crime scenes and investigations played out against dark, brooding backgrounds.
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Conventions of a thriller film
The document discusses the conventions of thriller films, including that they typically involve a protagonist battling an antagonist to restore peace, with the protagonist usually being a brave male who saves an innocent female. It also notes that the antagonist can take various mysterious forms and dresses according to the plot, while characters' costumes are used to convey traits like strength for males and vulnerability for females. Additionally, the themes of thrillers often relate to societal fears.
Propp and todorov
The document compares Propp's and Todorov's narrative structures, with Propp outlining 7 stages including preparation, complication, struggle, and recognition, and Todorov focusing on equilibrium, disruption, recognition of disruption, attempt to repair disruption, and restoration of equilibrium; it also explains Propp's 7 character types like hero, villain, helper, and prize.
Vladimir Propp's and Tzvetan Todorov’s Narrative Theory
The document discusses Vladimir Propp's theory of narrative roles and applies it to the Pixar film "The Incredibles." It identifies the main characters - Mr. Incredible as the hero, Syndrome as the villain, Mirage and the public as heroines, and Frozone, Helen, Dash, Violet, and Edna Mode as helpers. It also identifies the first omnidroid and Syndrome's computer as donors and Edna Mode as providing brief mentorship. The document then discusses Todorov's theory of narrative structure and applies it to the five stages of equilibrium, disruption, recognition, attempt to repair, and new equilibrium seen in the plot of "The Incredibles."
Narrative theory
This document discusses several narrative theorists and how their theories relate to the film The Shining. It examines Vladimir Propp's identification of character roles and narrative functions, and how some but not all apply to characters in The Shining. It also discusses Bordwell and Thompson's ideas about how narratives shape events in time and space, and how techniques like flashbacks demonstrate this in The Shining. Finally, it analyzes Claude Levi-Strauss's concept of binary oppositions revealed in the text, and Tzvetan Todorov's model of equilibrium disruption and restoration, both of which can be seen in elements of The Shining.
Strauss binary opposites
Strauss developed the theory of binary opposites, which argues that words derive meaning from their relationship with opposing words. Binary opposites are frequently used in films, especially horror, with common pairs including good vs evil, sane vs insane, and human vs supernatural. While opposites were once simple, like good vs bad in fighting films, modern films use more complex and unusual pairs, as seen in the gradual revelation of vampires vs werewolves in the Twilight series. Harry Potter also relies on the clear binary of Harry as the good guy opposed to Voldemort as the evil one.
The final girl theory
The document discusses Carol J. Clover's "Final Girl Theory" about horror film tropes. It notes that Clover identified viewers initially share perspectives of both the killer and victims but come to solely identify with the "final girl" - the last surviving female. The main plot of horror films involves a group of victims being hunted one by one by a killer until only one, a final girl, is left to kill the killer or escape. The final girl is often sexually unavailable and pursues the killer actively through curiosity and intelligence, taking on masculine traits like weapons. For a horror film to succeed, it needs the final girl to express abject terror, as viewers would reject this emotion coming from a male character.
Develop or challenge conventions
The document discusses how the media product's trailer challenges conventions of the horror genre. It researched conventions like low-key lighting and isolation. It had low lighting in a hospital scene but also used gore. It challenged having a white antagonist by choosing a teenager. The trailer aimed to create realism by exposing the bloodied antagonist in a gown. It was influenced by revenge themes and had voiceovers to project messages. It challenged genres by having an older protagonist rather than the typical young white male, and having a young female as the vulnerable yet threatening antagonist.
Narrative theory
This document provides instructions and information for an assignment on narrative theory. It outlines several key narrative theorists that students are expected to understand, including Todorov, Strauss, Barthes, Propp, and Cameron. For the assignment, students must create a PowerPoint explaining these theorists' concepts and providing examples from films. It provides details on the theorists' ideas, such as Todorov's 5 stages of narrative, Strauss' concept of binary oppositions, Barthes' narrative codes, Propp's character spheres and narrative functions, and Cameron's terms like diegesis and narrative range/depth. Students are instructed to analyze films using these concepts and include examples in their PowerPoint.
Narrative
This document summarizes several narrative structures and theories:
- Todorov's narrative structure outlines an equilibrium, disruption, recognition of disruption, and new equilibrium.
- Propp identified 8 character types (hero, villain, etc.) and 31 narrative functions that move stories forward.
- Levi-Strauss suggested binary oppositions (good/evil, men/women, etc.) create conflict and drive narratives by being resolved. These binaries are culturally constructed.
Narrative theory
The document provides instructions for an assignment on narrative theory, asking the student to create a PowerPoint explaining the theories of Todorov, Levi-Strauss, Barthes, and Propp and applying them to films. It includes descriptions of each theorist's approach, such as Todorov's 5 stages of narrative, Levi-Strauss' concept of binaries and oppositions, and Barthes' narrative codes. The student is asked to analyze films using these theories and include examples in their PowerPoint.
Propp's theory + Todorov's theory
Vladimir Propp discovered there are usually 7 main character types in films: the hero, villain, dispatcher, helper, princess, false hero, and princess' father. Tzvetan Todorov proposed that all narratives follow 5 stages: an initial equilibrium, a disruption of that order, a recognition of the disruption, an attempt to repair the damage, and a new equilibrium. Propp's theory describes common character roles while Todorov's theory outlines a typical narrative structure progressing from normality to resolution.
Narrative theory
The document discusses several theories of narrative structure:
- Vladimir Propp's theory that Russian fairy tales follow a structure of character types like the hero and villain who drive the plot through their actions and motives.
- Todorov's theory that most narratives follow a basic structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium caused by disruption, and a new equilibrium restored at the end.
- The classical Hollywood narrative structure which resolves all mysteries by the end to give a sense of closure. Causality and cause/effect relationships are also important aspects of narrative.
Media Theories Presentation
The document summarizes several narrative and film theories introduced by thinkers such as Tzvetan Todorov, Vladimir Propp, Claude Levi Strauss, Roland Barthes, Carol Clover, and Sigmund Freud. It discusses their concepts of classic narrative structure, character archetypes, the role of conflict and resolution in stories, how audiences derive pleasure from predictable and unpredictable events, gender dynamics like the "Final Girl" trope in horror films, and Freud's model of the id, ego and superego.
Narrative
The document provides an overview of narrative theory and how it can be applied to analyze stories. Some key concepts discussed include the following:
- Narratives reflect real-life patterns of causality and have a disruption/disequilibrium that is resolved by the end.
- Structuralist theorists like Propp and Levi-Strauss analyzed common patterns in stories including character roles and binary oppositions.
- Narrative theory can be used to analyze any text by examining how it sequences events, constructs characters, and creates a sense of enigma/questioning.
Kirstie and lauren, narrative
1. Todorov created a narrative theory in 1969 that most stories follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium by an event, and restoration of a new equilibrium.
2. Propp identified 7 character types that commonly appear in stories, including the villain, donor, dispatcher, and hero.
3. Levi-Strauss discussed the concept of binary oppositions, or pairs of opposites like raw vs cooked, that structure human thought and culture.
Theory
The document discusses several theorists and their perspectives on narrative structure in media. Tzvetan Todorov believed that all narratives follow an equilibrium-disequilibrium-equilibrium structure, with acknowledgment of and attempted repair of the disequilibrium. Vladimir Propp identified character archetypes like the protagonist, antagonist, and helper. Claude Levi-Strauss saw narratives as reflecting binary oppositions. Roland Barthes identified codes like the enigma code and action code that are important parts of storytelling. Cultural codes also enhance understanding by providing context about settings and time periods.
Narrative theories brief version
The document discusses different approaches to analyzing narratives. It explains that narratives have common structural elements like a beginning, middle, and end (Aristotle). Narratives also involve an initial equilibrium that is disrupted, leading characters to try and restore the equilibrium (Todorov). Propp identified common character roles and sequence of plot events across folktales. The document also discusses Levi-Strauss' idea of binary oppositions that drive narrative conflict. Overall, the structuralist view is that narratives share underlying patterns and relationships between elements that can be uncovered through analysis.
Representations in horror films.pptm
This document discusses representations in horror films. It outlines common character archetypes like the hero, villain, victim, and helper. It describes traits of these characters like gender, appearance, and role in the story. It also discusses how class, age, gender, and ethnicity are typically portrayed. Narrative and audience theories that apply to the genre are explained, such as how horror films follow patterns defined by Todorov and Propp and how they entertain audiences seeking escape.
Vladimir propp
Vladimir Propp was a Russian scholar born in 1895 who believed that all stories contain 7 main character types and follow a structure of 31 narrative functions. He theorized that every story can be broken down into these components, including characters like the hero, villain, donor, and magical helper who each have defined roles that advance the plot. Propp studied how different narratives manipulate these character types and functions to create various story outcomes.
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Narrative theory research
The document discusses several narrative theorists and their concepts for analyzing film narratives. It describes Claude Levi-Strauss's theory of binary opposites, such as good vs evil, that are commonly used in narratives. It also outlines Roland Barthes' concept of an "enigma code" used in opening sequences to engage audiences with questions. Additionally, it summarizes Vladimir Propp's identification of character archetypes like the hero, villain, and donor in folktales. Finally, it discusses Tzvetan Todorov's model of narrative equilibrium being disrupted and later restored.
Narrative theories
The document summarizes several narrative theories:
1) Tzvetan Todorov's theory that stories follow an equilibrium-disruption-new equilibrium structure.
2) Vladimir Propp's analysis of folk tales as having recurring character types like heroes, villains, donors that fulfill narrative functions.
3) Claude Levi-Strauss's concept of narratives being driven by binary oppositions like man vs. woman, young vs. old.
Narrative Theory
The document discusses several narrative theories:
- Todorov's narrative theory describes a cycle of equilibrium being disrupted, disequilibrium, and attempts to restore equilibrium.
- Propp's theory identifies character roles like hero, villain, and princess that drive the narrative.
- Levi-Strauss analyzed binary oppositions like good/bad, male/female that are present in many narratives.
- Barthes believed narratives could be open to multiple interpretations or closed with a single meaning.
Narrative Theory
This PowerPoint is part of my A2 Media Studies coursework. It briefly explains narrative theory, before going on to talk about different narrative theorists, and how their theories are relevant to my work.
Theories -media movies
Roland Barthes believed that the structure of films allows for ambiguity and different interpretations by audiences. He described five narrative codes that shape a film's plot and meaning: action, enigma, semantic, symbolic, and cultural. Vladimir Propp analyzed character archetypes and identified eight common roles that appear in stories: hero, villain, false hero, helper, donor, princess, father, and dispatcher. Tzvetan Todorov's theory proposed that all narratives follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption, recognition, repair, and new equilibrium. Claude Levi-Strauss analyzed the use of binary opposites to drive conflict and progression in stories.
Wrong turn film analysis
The document provides a film analysis of the 2003 horror movie Wrong Turn. It discusses several key narrative theories and how they apply to the plot and characters of the film. The movie follows a group of teenagers who become stranded in the woods and must fight for survival against a family of inbred cannibals. The analysis examines how the film establishes an initial equilibrium, introduces disruptive events, and establishes a new resolution at the end as described by Tzvetan Todorov's narrative theory. It also discusses how the film employs common binary oppositions of good vs evil characters and demonstrates other typical horror film conventions outlined by theorists like Carol Clover and Vladimir Propp.
Narrative theory
This document discusses several narrative theorists and their contributions. Vladimir Propp analyzed character roles in stories and identified common roles like the hero, villain, and donor. Tzvetan Todorov suggested most narratives follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium by an outside force, and restoration of a new equilibrium. Roland Barthes proposed that narratives use five codes - action, enigma, symbolic, semantic, and cultural - to engage the reader. Finally, Claude Levi-Strauss examined how stories unconsciously reflect cultural values through symbolic binary oppositions like good vs evil.
Theory
Vladimir Propp analyzed Russian folk tales and identified 31 plot elements that recurred across stories. He also noted 8 common character types used to advance the narrative, including the hero, villain, donor, and princess. However, critics argue that Propp ignores differences in character, tone, and mood between tales. Additionally, his focus on the princess as a reward is less applicable to horror genres. Claude Levi-Strauss believed that all narratives are driven by conflicts between binary opposites such as good vs. evil. Finally, Tvetzan Todorov's theory is that stories typically follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption, and a return to equilibrium or a new equilibrium.
Narrative
Vladimir Propp examined folk tales and identified eight character roles and thirty-one narrative functions that are commonly found across stories. He found that the character roles of hero, villain, dispatcher, and others along with narrative functions like lack, struggle, and reward are often present in different types of narratives from movies to folk tales. Bordwell and Thompson believed narratives shape events in time and space through techniques like flashbacks and time jumps. Claude Levi-Strauss analyzed narratives based on sets of opposing values or "binary oppositions" like good vs. evil rather than narrative order. Tzvetan Todorov's theory proposed stories begin with equilibrium, are disrupted by an event, and end with restoration of the initial
Narrative theory
This document discusses several narrative and character theories and how they relate to the films Halloween (1978) and The Crazies (2010). It summarizes Todorov's theory of classic horror narratives, Propp's 8 character archetypes, binary oppositions as described by Levi-Strauss, and Borwell and Thompson's theory of causal chains of events. For both films, it analyzes how the theories can be applied, such as identifying the villain, hero, and other character types, and showing how causal events in The Crazies drove the plot forward.
Character & Narrative Theorists
The document discusses various character and narrative theories that can be applied to analyze horror films, including Propp's character theory, Todorov's narrative structure theory, Levi-Strauss's binary opposites theory, and Barthes's five codes of narrative. Propp's theory identifies common character archetypes like the hero, villain, helper, and princess. Todorov's theory describes the stages of narrative as equilibrium, disruption, recognition, repairing, and new equilibrium. These theories are then applied to analyze the characters and narrative structure of the films Insidious and Sweeney Todd.
Character & Narrative Theorists
This is a quick slide share about the character & narrative theorists and how they are present within horror films. This is research for my short horror film.
Narrative
This document discusses several narrative theories and how they apply to teen slasher films. It analyzes Todorov's narrative structure of equilibrium, disruption, recognition, and new equilibrium. While most films follow this structure, teen slashers are more irregular in their ordering. It also examines Propp's character types and narrative functions, noting teen slashers don't always have clear heroes and have multiple "princess" characters. Finally, it applies Levi-Strauss' concept of binary oppositions and Barthes' "enigma code" to teen slasher conventions like revealing the killer's identity.
Film theorists
1. The document discusses several film theorists and their theories including Roland Barthes and his five codes of narrative analysis.
2. It also discusses Steven Neale and his theory about binary oppositions in film genres. Examples given include young vs old and villain vs hero.
3. Theories by Levi Strauss, Tzventan Todorov, and Vladmir Propp are also outlined and examples are given of how their theories could be applied to analyze romantic comedy films.
Narrative theory
Tzvetan Todorov created the Classical Hollywood Narrative structure (CHN) to understand film plots. The CHN involves an initial equilibrium, a disruption, disequilibrium as the protagonist deals with the disruption, and a new/restored equilibrium. Halloween follows a less conventional version of the CHN by starting in disequilibrium and having no resolution. Vladimir Propp identified common character types like the hero, villain, and helper that are seen in Halloween. Claude Levi-Strauss looked at binary oppositions like good vs evil that help understand themes. In Halloween there are oppositions of light vs dark and known vs unknown. Bordwell and Thompson note films only show key events, leaving gaps that require
Planning and research- Todorov and Props
This document discusses narrative theory and the work of Todorov and Propp. It explains that Todorov proposed a basic narrative structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and re-establishment of equilibrium. It also discusses that Todorov coined the term "narratology" and that Propp analyzed Russian folktales and identified 31 narratemes including absentation, interdiction, and violation of interdiction. Propp also concluded there were broad character types like the villain, dispatcher, and hero.
Planning and research
This document discusses narrative theory and the work of Todorov and Propp. It explains that Todorov proposed a basic narrative structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and re-establishment of equilibrium. It also discusses that Todorov coined the term "narratology" and that Propp analyzed Russian folktales and identified 31 narratemes including absentation, interdiction, and violation of interdiction. Propp also concluded there were broad character types like the villain, dispatcher, and hero.
Planning and research
This document discusses narrative theory and the work of Todorov and Propp. It explains that Todorov proposed a basic narrative structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and re-establishment of equilibrium. It also discusses that Todorov coined the term "narratology" and that Propp analyzed Russian folktales and identified 31 narratemes including absentation, interdiction, and violation of interdiction. Propp also concluded there were 7 main character types such as villain, dispatcher, and hero.
Planning and research
This document discusses narrative theory and the work of Todorov and Propp. It explains that Todorov proposed a basic narrative structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium, and re-establishment of equilibrium. It also discusses that Todorov coined the term "narratology" and that Propp analyzed Russian folktales and identified 31 narratemes including absentation, interdiction, and violation of interdiction. Propp also concluded there were broad character types like the villain, dispatcher, and hero.
Narrative theory
Vladimir Propp studied folktales and identified 8 character types and 31 functions that advance the story. Propp's theory includes character types like the hero, villain, and princess, and functions like prohibiting the hero or the villain learning about the victim. Levi-Strauss argued that narratives rely on binary oppositions like good/evil that create conflict and drive the story. Both theories can apply to teen horror movies, which feature character types and explore oppositional themes of good versus evil. Barthes' enigma code also fits the genre as teen horror often starts with a mystery like an unsolved murder to pique audience interest.
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Theory
- 1. MEDIA THEORY Jacob Dunlop
- 2. TZVETAN TODOROV He said “All narratives follow the structure: Equilibrium, Disequilibrium, Equilibrium.” By this he means, characters, setting and story are introduced, a dilemma is introduced, that dilemma is resolved. It is also said there are two other levels as well. Equilibrium, Disequilibrium, Characters acknowledge disequilibrium, Characters resolve disequilibrium, Equilibrium. This can be applied to almost any story. An example of a film that supports this is I Am Legend. An example of a film that doesn’t support this is Pulp Fiction.
- 3. VLADIMIR PROPP Propp said that almost any character in a story can fit to a certain category and most narratives have most of these characters. Hero – Protagonist Villain – Antagonist Donor – Gives Hero a device or power Helper – Helps Hero on their journey False Hero – Appears at first as a good character but turns out to be evil Dispatcher – Sends Hero on journey Princess – Marries Hero These characters are based on fairytales and don’t stick to other kinds of narrative so well but are still applicable to modern narratives. An example of a film that supports this is Shrek. An example of a film that doesn’t support this is LA Condifential.
- 4. CLAUDE LEVI-STRAUSS He said that there are almost always binary opposites motivating characters and plot, these are: Good vs. Evil Weak vs. Strong Young vs. Old Male vs. Female These opposing forces are still very relevant to modern narratives and usually at least one can be found in every narrative. An example of a film that supports this is Harry Potter. An example of a film that doesn’t support this is Amelie.