Theileriosis Presented by Ahmed Abdulkadir Hassan
4th year student, college of veterinary medicine,
University of Bahri.
kadle010@gmail.com
khartoum, Sudan.
The fertility of a male is related to several phenomenon includes sperm production, viability and fertilizing capacity
of the ejaculated sperm, sexual desire and the ability to copulate. Reproductive problems causing absolute or relative
infertility in male animals mainly includes reduced to complete lack of sexual desire or libido, failure of normal
service and failure of conception after normal service. The sterile males are readily identified, but the males with
reduced fertility poses serious problems and causes economic losses to breeders and AI industry.
The fertility of a male is related to several phenomenon includes sperm production, viability and fertilizing capacity
of the ejaculated sperm, sexual desire and the ability to copulate. Reproductive problems causing absolute or relative
infertility in male animals mainly includes reduced to complete lack of sexual desire or libido, failure of normal
service and failure of conception after normal service. The sterile males are readily identified, but the males with
reduced fertility poses serious problems and causes economic losses to breeders and AI industry.
etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious and relatively common cause of acute, infectious GI illness in young dogs. Although its exact origin is unknown, it is believed to have arisen from feline panleukopenia virus or a related parvovirus of nondomestic animals
etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
Study of parasites Hymenolepis nana, Taenia Echinococcus(), & Pneumocystis carinii
Treatment
Morphology
Life cycle
Pathogenesis
Laboratory diagnosis
Parasites
Hymenolepis nana – Cestode (Dwarf Tapeworm)
Taenia Echinococcus – Cestode (Dog Tapeworm)
Pneumocystis carinii - Sporozoan parasite
Hymenolepis nana
Geographical Distribution
Habitat
Morphology of Hymenolepis nana
Adult Worm
Eggs
Larva
Life cycle of Hymenolepis nana
Direct Cycle
Indirect Cycle
Hymenolepis nana - Life cycle
Life cycle of Hymenolepis nana
Pathogenesis of Hymenolepis nana
Laboratory diagnosis of Hymenolepis nana
Treatment of Hymenolepis nana
Prevention (Prophylaxis) of H. nana
Taenia Echinococcus
Echinococcus Genus: Tapeworm with carnivorous and herbivorous hosts.
Morphology of Taenia Echinococcus
Life Cycle of Taenia Echinococcus
local names, definition, etiology,epidemiology lifecycle, pathogenesis, clinical findings, necropsy finding, diagnosis,treatment, control and prevention
etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious and relatively common cause of acute, infectious GI illness in young dogs. Although its exact origin is unknown, it is believed to have arisen from feline panleukopenia virus or a related parvovirus of nondomestic animals
etiology, local names, definition, transmission, source of infection, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment prevention and control
Study of parasites Hymenolepis nana, Taenia Echinococcus(), & Pneumocystis carinii
Treatment
Morphology
Life cycle
Pathogenesis
Laboratory diagnosis
Parasites
Hymenolepis nana – Cestode (Dwarf Tapeworm)
Taenia Echinococcus – Cestode (Dog Tapeworm)
Pneumocystis carinii - Sporozoan parasite
Hymenolepis nana
Geographical Distribution
Habitat
Morphology of Hymenolepis nana
Adult Worm
Eggs
Larva
Life cycle of Hymenolepis nana
Direct Cycle
Indirect Cycle
Hymenolepis nana - Life cycle
Life cycle of Hymenolepis nana
Pathogenesis of Hymenolepis nana
Laboratory diagnosis of Hymenolepis nana
Treatment of Hymenolepis nana
Prevention (Prophylaxis) of H. nana
Taenia Echinococcus
Echinococcus Genus: Tapeworm with carnivorous and herbivorous hosts.
Morphology of Taenia Echinococcus
Life Cycle of Taenia Echinococcus
local names, definition, etiology,epidemiology lifecycle, pathogenesis, clinical findings, necropsy finding, diagnosis,treatment, control and prevention
wuchereria bancrofti can causes serious diseases that attack our world . so this presentation gives us some information about this worm , methods of avoiding it and what are diagnostic tests that doctors ask .
What is toxoplasmosis? Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by a single-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. While the parasite is found throughout the world, more than 40 million people in the United States may be infected with the Toxoplasma parasite.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
4. Theileriosis are those tick-borne protozoan
diseases associated with Theileria spp.
In Sudan, most cases of Bovine theileriosis
are caused by Th. annulata (tropical or
Mediterranean theileriosis) and Th. mutans
(benign theileriosis), and Th. parva (ECF)
may exist in Southern Sudan.
5. Theileriosis of sheep and goat are caused by
Th. hirci (Th. lestoquardi - Malignant ovine
theileriosis) and Th. ovis (mild theileriosis).
Equine theileriosis are caused by Th. equi.
Transmission: Stage to stage (Transtadial
Transmission).
6.
7.
8. 5) …divides with schizont inside 2 infected daughter cells 6) 10-15 days post-
infection, schizont
merozoite (invades
erythrocyte (RBC))
4) Lymphocyte lymphoblast (enlarged
lymphocyte) and… * 5-8 days post-infection:
found in lymph nodes
* Schizonts increase 10-
fold every 3 days
3) Sporozoite enters 7) In RBC,
lymphocyte (WBC) schizont merozoite
piroplasm (infect
ticks)
2) Sporozoites transfer to
ungulate if tick is attached
for 48-72 hrs
1) Sporozoites produced
in tick salivary glands 8) RBCs
ingested by
nymphs during
feeding
Incubation Period 9) Once in gut, undergoes
sexual reproduction
Experimentally Infected: 8-12 days
motile stage, moves to
Naturally Infected: up to 3 weeks tick’s salivary gland
9. Pathogenesis
Tick inoculation of sporozoites lymphocytes
in local lymph node schizonts lymphoid
proliferation merozoites erythrocytes
piroplasms ticks.
Damage mainly by schizonts.
10. Swelling of the draining lymph node, usually the
parotid.
Generalized lymphadenopathy.
Fever 40 – 41o C
11.
12. Poor condition and severe lymphadenopathy in heifer
18. In case of Equine theileriosis there is fever, anaemia,
jaundice and haemoglobinuria.
Jaundice in a horse’s eye
19. Occasional cases of brain involvement occur and
are characterized by circling, hence 'turning
sickness' or cerebral theileriosis due to the
presence of schizont in the cerebral capillaries.
20. Splenic enlargement.
Severe pulmonary emphysema and edema along with
hydrothorax and hydropericardium.
Generalized lymphoid hyperplasia.
Small lymphoid nodules (the so-called pseudo-infarcts) are
present in liver, kidney, and alimentary track.
The carcass is emaciated and hemorrhages are evident in a
variety of tissues and organs.
21. Pulmonary emphysema and edema The Ln. is enlarged and diffusely pale, and
contains numerous petechiae.
Multiple pale foci on the cortical
surface of the kidney are
lymphoid infiltrates.
22. Emaciated Carcass Kidney, There are multiple petechiae on
the surface of the cortex. The lymph
node near the hilus is markedly enlarged
Hydropericardium
23. East Coast Fever only occurs where R.
appendiculatus is present, although occasionally
outbreaks such areas have been recorded due to
the introduction of tick-infected cattle from an
enzootic area.
24.
25. In sick animals, macroschizonts are readily
detected in biopsy smears of lymph nodes and
in dead animals in impression smears of
lymph nodes and spleen.
26. There are two types of schizonts (Koch’s Blue Bodies)
• Macroschizont: one with large chromatin granules gives
(8-16 macromerozoites).
• Microschizont: one with small chromatin granules gives
(50-120 Micromerozoites) (Sexually differentiated) and
infect RBCs.
27. In the field, diagnosis is
usually achieved by finding
Theileria parasites in
Giemsa-stained blood
smears and lymph node
needle biopsy smears
29. The indirect fluorescent antibody test is of
value in detecting cattle which have recovered
from ECF.
30. Differential diagnosis
1. Heartwater because of pulmonary edema and hydrothorax.
Examination of brain smears and lymph node or spleen
impression smears can differentiate between the two diseases.
2. Trypanosomiasis because of edema, lymphadenopathy, and
anemia. Blood and lymph node smear examination will normally
differentiate between the two diseases.
3. Babesiosis and anaplasmosis because of anemia. These diseases
can easily be differentiated from theileriosis on examination of
blood smears.
4. Malignant catarrhal fever because of lymphadenopathy and
corneal opacity. Examination of blood and lymph node smears
will clearly differentiate between the two diseases.
31. Treatment
Tetracyclines have a therapeutic effect if
given at the time of infection but they are of
no value in the treatment of clinical cases.
32.
33. Control
Integrated approach involving resistant animal
breeds.
Vaccination by infection-and-treatment
methods.
36. Recommended actions if theileriosis is suspected
• Notification of authorities
Theileria species including Th. annulata have been
reported in Sudan; however, Th. parva, is exotic.
East Coast fever and diseases caused by other
exotic Theileria spp. must be reported to state or
federal authorities immediately upon diagnosis or
suspicion of the disease.
Geographic DistributionThe distribution of ECF is strictly associated with the distribution of the vector tick species. In the case of Rhipicephalusappendiculatus, the area extends from southern Sudan to South Africa and as far west as Zaire.
The dominating pathological lesion is generalized lymphoid proliferation resulting from uncontrolled proliferation of T-Iymphocytes containing schizonts.This is followed later by necrosis of infected lymphoblasts induced by cytotoxic T-Iymphocytes. The severe lymphocytolysis often leads to immunosuppression.
Turning sickness: an aberrant form of theileriosis in which parasitized lymphocytes cause emboli and hemorrhagic infarcts in central nervous tissue.
Bovine, lung. The lung tissue is diffusely tan-brown, and lobules are non-collapsed and rubbery (interstitial pneumonia).The node is enlarged and diffusely pale, and contains numerous petechiae.Bovine, kidney. The multiple pale foci on the cortical surface are lymphoid infiltrates.
Bovine, kidney. There are multiple petechiae on the surface of the cortex. The lymph node near the hilus is markedly enlarged.
Koch’s blue bodies: sporozoites enter the lymphocytes.
Treatment with these compounds is highly effective when applied in the early stages of clinical disease but is less effective in the advanced stages in which there is extensive destruction of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues.
Infect animal with the sporozoite form of the parasite while at the same time treating the cattle with an antibiotic drug to lessen the severity of the infection.