Modular high rise construction seminar presentation
History of modular construction
Prefabrication
Prefabricated buildings
Difference between prefabrication and modular buildings
Modular building blocks
Examples of modular construction
Advantages of modular construction
Disadvantages of modular construction
Methods of modular construction
Modular construction techniques
Temporary modular construction
Permanent modular construction
Modular high rise construction seminar presentation
History of modular construction
Prefabrication
Prefabricated buildings
Difference between prefabrication and modular buildings
Modular building blocks
Examples of modular construction
Advantages of modular construction
Disadvantages of modular construction
Methods of modular construction
Modular construction techniques
Temporary modular construction
Permanent modular construction
Construction and demolition waste recyclingAnand Vallala
Now a days as the construction is increasing the demolition waste from the buildings is also increasing. We have to increase the usage of waste materials and to help for the future generation.
Construction activities generate millions of tonnes of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste materials each year. These materials contain a lot of reusable materials. If not properly managed, they will become wastes, a burden to the society, which will be extremely expensive to handle and will occupy precious landfill space.
Now even for small projects it has been made mandatory to use Ready mix concrete or compulsory use of Batching plant. However, except for large projects and some industrial projects, Demolition of structures is not yet mechanised. This waste is also affects the air, noise pollution in the form of releasing dust and noise respectively.
Recycling can turn the waste materials into usable products, which can help conserve our natural resources for our next generations and for the sustainable development of the society. In the recent years, C&D waste management issues have attracted the attention from researches around the world.
The ultimate aim is to create the awareness among the Civil Engineers is to do the research on this topic and to reuse these materials.
Main points of this PPT:
• An overview of the concept on Waste management.
• Brief description on “Recycled Concrete Aggregates”.
• Waste reduction and Reuse.
• Demolition techniques.
• Use of proper Waste Management plan.
It is all about sustainable buildings or green buildings and a brief study of some sustainable building materials we can use for making a building sustainable and green.
The Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) was formed by the Confederation of Indian Industry(CII) in 2001. The council is based out of the CII Green Business Centre, Hyderabad which is India’s 1st Platinum rated green building. The vision of the council is to enable ‘Sustainable built environment for all.
IGBC is the country's premier body for green building certification and allied services. Today, with strong support from various stakeholders, IGBC has achieved the following significant milestones:
- 4,400+ projects registered with IGBC from various parts of India and abroad, amounting to a total footprint of 4.72 billion sq. ft.
- 22 IGBC green building ratings to cover all typologies of projects - residential, commercial, industrial, healthcare, etc.
- 2,100+ IGBC Member Organizations comprising developers, corporates, architects, consultants, institutes, government, etc
- 2,800+ qualified IGBC Accredited Green Building Professionals more than 30,000 stakeholders have been trained by IGBC till date.
Growing and potential impacts of climate change, such as flooding in coastal areas, change in weather patterns, and melting of the permafrost have created new challenges for the engineering and construction industry. These challenges involve adaptation in the design and construction of projects to address these impacts, as well as developing ways to reduce and controlling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to mitigate climate change.
Engineering has the lead responsibility for determining the technical feasibility and cost parameters to overcome these challenges. Engineering and construction projects are implemented with the help of a set of standard documents that lay out the work process of the projects. They include standard design detail drawings, standard design criteria, standard specifications, design guides and work process flow diagrams. Incorporating in these standard documents materials and processes which assist project engineers to identify and assess climate change related impacts can be a major step in effectively preparing to meet the challenges of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Green building rating system equire an integrated design process to create projects that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIESSamanth kumar
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES, M.ARCH (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE) ANNA UNIVERSITY SECOND SEMESTEREnergy Efficient Construction Technology
➔ Filler Slab
➔ Rat trap Bond
➔ Technologies developed by CBRI
➔ Traditional Building Construction Technologies
➔ Concept of Resource rescue,
➔ Concept of Recycled content,
➔ Concept of Regional materials,
➔ Energy Efficiency
➔ Energy Conservation
➔ Recourse Consumption
➔ Distribution of Energy use in India
➔ Factors affecting the Energy use in Buildings
➔ Pre Building Stage, Construction Stage & Post Occupancy stages
➔ Concept of Embodied Energy
➔ Energy needs in Production of Materials
➔ Transportation Energy
➔ Concept of light footprint on Environment
Construction and demolition waste recyclingAnand Vallala
Now a days as the construction is increasing the demolition waste from the buildings is also increasing. We have to increase the usage of waste materials and to help for the future generation.
Construction activities generate millions of tonnes of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste materials each year. These materials contain a lot of reusable materials. If not properly managed, they will become wastes, a burden to the society, which will be extremely expensive to handle and will occupy precious landfill space.
Now even for small projects it has been made mandatory to use Ready mix concrete or compulsory use of Batching plant. However, except for large projects and some industrial projects, Demolition of structures is not yet mechanised. This waste is also affects the air, noise pollution in the form of releasing dust and noise respectively.
Recycling can turn the waste materials into usable products, which can help conserve our natural resources for our next generations and for the sustainable development of the society. In the recent years, C&D waste management issues have attracted the attention from researches around the world.
The ultimate aim is to create the awareness among the Civil Engineers is to do the research on this topic and to reuse these materials.
Main points of this PPT:
• An overview of the concept on Waste management.
• Brief description on “Recycled Concrete Aggregates”.
• Waste reduction and Reuse.
• Demolition techniques.
• Use of proper Waste Management plan.
It is all about sustainable buildings or green buildings and a brief study of some sustainable building materials we can use for making a building sustainable and green.
The Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) was formed by the Confederation of Indian Industry(CII) in 2001. The council is based out of the CII Green Business Centre, Hyderabad which is India’s 1st Platinum rated green building. The vision of the council is to enable ‘Sustainable built environment for all.
IGBC is the country's premier body for green building certification and allied services. Today, with strong support from various stakeholders, IGBC has achieved the following significant milestones:
- 4,400+ projects registered with IGBC from various parts of India and abroad, amounting to a total footprint of 4.72 billion sq. ft.
- 22 IGBC green building ratings to cover all typologies of projects - residential, commercial, industrial, healthcare, etc.
- 2,100+ IGBC Member Organizations comprising developers, corporates, architects, consultants, institutes, government, etc
- 2,800+ qualified IGBC Accredited Green Building Professionals more than 30,000 stakeholders have been trained by IGBC till date.
Growing and potential impacts of climate change, such as flooding in coastal areas, change in weather patterns, and melting of the permafrost have created new challenges for the engineering and construction industry. These challenges involve adaptation in the design and construction of projects to address these impacts, as well as developing ways to reduce and controlling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to mitigate climate change.
Engineering has the lead responsibility for determining the technical feasibility and cost parameters to overcome these challenges. Engineering and construction projects are implemented with the help of a set of standard documents that lay out the work process of the projects. They include standard design detail drawings, standard design criteria, standard specifications, design guides and work process flow diagrams. Incorporating in these standard documents materials and processes which assist project engineers to identify and assess climate change related impacts can be a major step in effectively preparing to meet the challenges of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Green building rating system equire an integrated design process to create projects that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIESSamanth kumar
SUSTAINABLE, ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES, M.ARCH (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE) ANNA UNIVERSITY SECOND SEMESTEREnergy Efficient Construction Technology
➔ Filler Slab
➔ Rat trap Bond
➔ Technologies developed by CBRI
➔ Traditional Building Construction Technologies
➔ Concept of Resource rescue,
➔ Concept of Recycled content,
➔ Concept of Regional materials,
➔ Energy Efficiency
➔ Energy Conservation
➔ Recourse Consumption
➔ Distribution of Energy use in India
➔ Factors affecting the Energy use in Buildings
➔ Pre Building Stage, Construction Stage & Post Occupancy stages
➔ Concept of Embodied Energy
➔ Energy needs in Production of Materials
➔ Transportation Energy
➔ Concept of light footprint on Environment
Design & Development in the Airship IndustryLen Jones
The innovative Airship Design and Manufacture I was responsible for at this time during the 1980s/90s was for the ‘500 & 600’
series Airships; e.g. amongst our successful customers were Fuji Film, Japan and the USA weather surveillance industries. These
Airships were dispatched on many occasions in ‘pack form’ to be assembled ‘on-site’ in the various countries concerned.
Many projects experience failures that result in poor project delivery performance or process capacity/reliability degradations after commissioning
Many studies have shown that 60% to 95% of equipment life cycle costs (TLCC) are a result of decisions made (in CAPEX) prior to handover/start-up and transfer to owners (maintenance or operations) in OPEX
Wouldn’t it make common sense to manage the risk of CAPEX project failures in advance and address equipment life cycle decisions in (CAPEX) rather than after commission handover phase (OPEX)?
Shouldn't owners "invest" in project success "insurance" to help ensure that these multi-billion dollar projects are delivered as they were intended?
The following presentation discusses high-performance buildings today and in the future. Current and future codes are discussed as well as implications to the LEED rating system. The last part of the presentation focuses on the inefficiencies in the design-bid-build process and discusses how high-performance buildings will be the result of integrative design.
Daniel Skog, Communications Officer, Malmö, Sweden
Closing the loops – sustainable systems for energy, waste and water and in the Western Harbour, Malmö, Sweden” Historically, Kockums shipyard was located in the Western Harbour which today hosts thousands of apartments and offices. The first development, Bo01, was designed to use and produce 100% locally renewable energy over the course of a year. Buildings receive energy from solar, wind and a heat pump that extracts heat from an aquifer that facilitates seasonal storage of heat and cold water in the limestone ground. The different stages in the Western Harbour have piloted different waste separation systems. Food waste is gathered in storage tanks and transported for biogas production. All areas in the Western Harbour have good access to walking paths, bike lanes, buses and car pools.
Re-Energizing Our Cities: From District to Specific - Integral GroupToronto 2030 District
Dave Ramslie and Gerry Faubert, Principals, Integral Group
Reenergizing our Cities! – Integrated District Scale Energy Planning
Investment in our buildings and infrastructure has never been more timely. Energy solutions that work for both new development and for the retention and re-imagining of our existing buildings are possible today. The scale and application of these solutions from grass roots community engagement programs, to retro-commissioning, big data and the development of large sale renewable energy solutions can work together to lower emissions and improve our collective quality of life. Using case studies such as the development of new district ambient loop in downtown Vancouver using existing fire protection infrastructure and the promotion of deep green retrofits in multi-unit residential buildings through the Condo Retrofit Assistance Financing Trial (CRAFT) Dave Ramslie and Gerry Faubert will examine how a variety of solutions deployed at the neighborhood level can be aligned to achieve significant community wide energy savings and economic revitalization.
Dr. Khosrow Farabakhsh, Associate Professor, School of Engineering, University of Guelph
If necessity is the mother of invention then uncertainty is the seed for innovation. We live in uncertain times. Our trusted climate models and long-cherished engineering tools and formulas are being severely tested and are often incapable of coping with inherent uncertainties of our natural and human environments. Challenged by the severe climate events, economic and population pressures and aging infrastructure, cities are forced to reconsider the concepts of planning and scale. In this presentation we will explore the idea of urban infrastructure design and planning derived from a new paradigm in water management. Focusing on what we already know and presenting tools we already posses, the presentation discusses how to transition from current deterministic approach in planning to a more adaptive approach that incorporates water management using a post-normal systems approach. Technical, regulatory and design examples will be provided to highlight the transition already underway. Examples include distributed water reuse and recovering energy and other resources from wastewater.
What is "Model" Sustainability? UniverCity's Journey Toward Sustainability T...Toronto 2030 District
Dale Mikkelsen, Director of Development, SFU Community Trust
Simon Fraser University (SFU) created its Community Trust to develop a model community on about 65 hectares of land surrounding SFU’s Burnaby campus in British Columbia.
That ‘sustainable community on the mountain’ became UniverCity, the award-winning, mixed-use, transit-oriented district with a diverse range of housing choices, shops, services, and amenities. And the UniverCity Childcare Centre is expected to be the first building in Canada to meet the Living Building Challenge, the most ambitious rating system in North America for environmentally sustainable architectural design.
A model for practical and affordable sustainability, UniverCity also generates endowment wealth to support teaching and research at SFU.
As the Director of Development for SFU Community Trust, Dale Mikkelsen is charged with raising the bar of sustainable community planning to ensure UniverCity remains on the leading edge of energy efficiency, material conservation, healthy environments and community building.
Mikkelsen brings a wealth of experience to the UniverCity project having been the lead project planner for the City of Vancouver’s 2010 Athlete Village, the City of Vancouver’s Green Building Planner, and a Board Member for the International Living Future Institute.
Bob Bach presents on changes to the energy efficiency requirements that are included in the Ontario Building Code (OBC2012) which will launch Jan 1 2014, as well as expected changes in the 2017 version of the code.
Mike Singleton of Sustainable Buildings Canada presented an overview on the results of the first year of Enbridge Savings By Design builder workshops. Savings by design aims to help Ontario builders of commercial buildings and production residential projects surpass the energy requirements of the Ontario Building Code by 25%.
Scott Armstrong
Design considerations in achieving SB-10 – high performance enclosures, analyzing systems, delivering quality, and verifying performance
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppMansi Shah
White Wonder by Eva Tschopp
A tale about our culture around the use of fertilizers and pesticides visiting small farms around Ahmedabad in Matar and Shilaj.
Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
Ideal for homeowners, tech enthusiasts, and industry professionals, this presentation provides valuable insights into the trends, benefits, and future developments in smart garage technology. Stay ahead of the curve with our expert analysis and practical tips on implementing smart garage solutions.
Top 5 Indian Style Modular Kitchen DesignsFinzo Kitchens
Get the perfect modular kitchen in Gurgaon at Finzo! We offer high-quality, custom-designed kitchens at the best prices. Wardrobes and home & office furniture are also available. Free consultation! Best Quality Luxury Modular kitchen in Gurgaon available at best price. All types of Modular Kitchens are available U Shaped Modular kitchens, L Shaped Modular Kitchen, G Shaped Modular Kitchens, Inline Modular Kitchens and Italian Modular Kitchen.
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeAlan Dix
Invited talk at 'offtheCanvas' IndiaHCI prelude, 29th June 2024.
https://www.alandix.com/academic/talks/offtheCanvas-IndiaHCI2024/
The world is being changed fundamentally by AI and we are constantly faced with newspaper headlines about its harmful effects. However, there is also the potential to both ameliorate theses harms and use the new abilities of AI to transform society for the good. Can you make the difference?
1. BUILDING COMMISSIONING:
The Value of Commissioning
CaGBC Building Advisor Program
October, 2012
John Kokko, P.Eng., CCP, LEED AP
jkokko@enermodal.com
519-743-8777 x2424
2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
What is building
commissioning
What are the steps required by
LEED
Why is it important
What results can we expect
3. NEW BUILDING CX
LEED Credits
EAp1 – Fundamental Cx (Prerequisite)
Deals mainly with construction and getting the building operating before
hand-over
EAc3 - Enhanced Cx (Credit)
Deals with design and post occupancy operation
4. WHAT IS NEW BUILD COMMISSIONING
Definition:
To bring a new project or facility on line
?
?
?
Hands over a
building that gives the
owner what he paid for.
5. NAME FROM SHIP BUILDING
A commissioned ship is one deemed ready for service.
Must pass several milestones.
Equipment is installed and tested, problems are identified and
corrected, and staff are extensively trained.
A commissioned ship is one whose materials, systems, and staff have
successfully completed a thorough quality assurance process.
Commissioned ship is one ready to sail safely and reliably
6. VISION OF COMMISSIONING
Take the owner’s needs and wants
► Ensure requirements properly articulated
Through the minds of the consultants
► Ensure designs properly reflect OPR
Through the hands of suppliers and contractors
► Ensure building is properly built
Deliver a properly performing building
► Ensure all systems operate as intended
7. BUILDING Cx = QC FOR CARS?
Similar to a QC
process for cars
Note similarities in:
Work area
Tools
Assembly
techniques
Workers’
responsibilities
8. WHY IS COMMISSIONING NEEDED
Don’t the design and construction teams already
do this?
Everyone wants to do a good job.
But two constrains:
1. Scope included with fees
2. Knowledge of the state-of-the-art
Low price generally gets the job
Designers responsible for code
Site review for conformance to
drawings and specs
Not performance beyond obvious
faults and complaints after the fact
9. UP-TO-DATE KNOWLEDGE
Innovation moving extremely fast
Innovative equipment and
systems are relatively unfamiliar
to designers, contractors,
operators and even
manufacturers agents
Energy efficiency, integrated
systems, imported design
concepts and computerization
have multiplied levels of
complexity
11. ADDED COMPLICATIONS
Radiant heating
Radiant cooling
Condensing boiler
Water-side economizer
Building automation systems
12. INNOVATION INCREASING EXPONENTIALLY
Direct and indirect evaporative cooling
Optimum start
Cascading PID loops
Stratified thermal storage
Daylighting control
LON and BACnet
Integration
And on and on and on ….
13. CONVENTIONAL COMMISSIONING
• Start-up and basic check out of equipment
• Testing, Adjusting and Balancing (TAB)
• Begins after systems in and ready for
start-up
• Verify individual components function as
components
• Performed by installing contractor or
manufacturers rep
14. TOTAL COMMISSIONING (LEED™)
A systematic quality assurance program
Starts at concept design and concludes at end of
warranty
Includes all phases concept design, detailed design,
construction, start-up, 1 year operation
Commissioning verifies energy performance and
comfort maintenance
15. TOTAL COMMISSIONING (LEED™)
Includes reviews
through all stages
Includes participation
of consultants, trades,
O&M staff
Includes detailed reviews
design, shop draw, install
Expanded installation
verification and start-up checks
O&M documentation more centralized
Whole system performance vs. component checks
16. COMMISSIONING COMPARISON
TOTAL COMMISSIONING TRADITIONAL COMMISSIONING
Concept Design Reviews No Cx. Consultant self-checks.
Detailed Design Reviews No Cx. Consultant self-checks.
Shop Drawing Reviews No Cx. Dwgs & specs met only.
Site Installation Verification No Cx. Dwgs & specs met only.
Equipment Start-Up Verification Contractor or Manufacturer only. No
systems interoperability
Balancing Verification No Cx. Contractor self-checks.
Functional Performance Test No Cx. Contractor self-checks.
Documentation and Operator No Cx. Contractor self-checks.
Training Owner verifies acceptability.
Trending and Seasonal FPT Contractor seldom returns
Warranty and Occupant No Cx. Respond to complaints only.
concerns
17. VALUE OF Cx
Largest study to date
Mills, LBNL July 2009
http://cx.lbl.gov/2009-assessment.html
643 buildings, 26 US states
561 existing and 82 new buildings
37 Cx firms
99 M ft2, $2.2 B construct
90.4 M ft2 existing, 8.8 M ft2 new construction
$43 M Cx costs
18. NEW BUILDING Cx MEDIANS
Cx cost, $1.16/ft2 or 0.4% of overall construct cost
($290/ft2) (Range $0.60 - $2.15)
Number of deficiencies identified, 3,528
(about 1/3 of projects reported deficiencies)
Energy savings 13% (Range 9% - 29%)
Payback time, 4.2 years (Range 1.7 to 11.4 yrs)
19. AREAS OF BENEFIT
Construction Cost Savings
Equipment downsizing and trade-offs
Energy Savings - $0.05 to $0.45/ft2
Peak demand reductions
Maintenance and replacement costs reduced
Increased productivity and reduced liability
Indoor environmental quality maintenance
Carbon emissions reductions
21. LEED Cx OUTLINE
Design and Construction Phases EAp1 – Fundamental Cx EAc3 – Enhanced Cx
Design Owner documents OPR Before 50% CD Owner designates
CxA
Construction Documents Designers incorporate Cx specs into CxA presents Cx Plan
Construction Docs
50% CD CxA conducts 50% design review
Post Contract Award Owner designates CxA CxA reviews shop drawings
CxA presents Cx Plan
Installation CxA performs/oversees installation
verification
Start-up CxA performs/oversees functional
testing
CxA reviews O&M Manuals
CxA oversees staff training
Substantial Completion CxA prepares Draft Final Report CxA prepares Systems Manual
Post Construction CxA performs/oversees defered
testing
Occupancy CxA delivers Final Report CxA provides Warranty and
occupant concerns review
22. OWNER & DESIGN TEAM DOCUMENTATION
Owners Project Requirements (OPR)
► Owner and User requirements
► Environmental sustainability goals
► Energy efficiency goals
► Indoor environmental quality requirements
► Equipment and systems expectations
► Building occupant & O&M personnel requirements
Basis of Design (BoD)
► Primary design assumptions
► Standards
► Narrative descriptions
23. Cx DURING DESIGN
Work with design team to define measurable energy and
indoor environmental quality goals
Discuss alternatives to traditional design solutions
Provide support for unfamiliar technologies
Review to verify design meets objectives and technologies
properly implemented
Review to verify equipment specified meets goals and
objectives
24. COMMON DESIGN ISSUES
No design target for energy use
Lighting power density not identified
No heat recovery
Condensing boilers not considered
Variable speed pumps and fans
ECM motors not incorporated
20°F rather than 40°F design
temp drop design used
Undersized piping and
ductwork
25. Cx PLAN
Overview of Cx Process
List of equipment and systems to be Cx
Cx Team and responsibilities
Management, Communication and Reporting Overview
Cx Process Overview (Outline above)
List of deliverables
Milestones
26. Cx MEMBERS & RESPONSIBILITIES
COMMISSIONING AGENT
Owner’s rep leading commissioning
Reviews and produces most paperwork
Directs testing
Ensures LEED™ requirements are met
OWNER
Provide support as required to ensure Cx
proceeds smoothly
FM Staff?
Consultants
Provide documentation as required for review
Attend commissioning meetings as required
27. Cx MEMBERS & RESPONSIBILITIES
GENERAL CONTRACTOR
► Ensures contractors meet commissioning
requirements
M&E CONTRACTORS
► Completes start-up, installation verification lists
► Operates equipment for Performance Testing
► Produces O&M manuals, Provides owner training
CONTROLS CONTRACTOR
► Operate controls for Performance Testing, produce
O&M materials for controls
28. Cx SPECIFICATIONS
Contractor responsibilities
Submittal review process
Meetings
IVC process
Start-up process
Balancing reviews
FPT process
O&M manuals requirements
Training requirements
Warranty review
29. Cx DURING CONSTRUCTION
Verify equipment installed per drawings and
specs, manuf’rs requirements and proper
industry practice and standards
Verify equipment is, set-up, adjusted,
balanced, controlled and operated to provide
expected comfort and energy performance
Provide owner complete systems O&M docs
Provide owner’s operating personnel
adequate training to understand, operate and
maintain equipment
30. COMMON INSTALLATION ISSUES
Coils piped backward
Maintenance access not
provided
Pumps with shaft oriented
improperly
Thermostats located adjacent
to heating/cooling diffusers
Insulation missing
Sensors improperly located
31. COMMON FUNCTIONAL TESTING ISSUES
Controls functions not
matching sequence
VFDs do not modulate
Outdoor damper minimum
position
Control valve action reversed
32. TRAINING TOPICS
General purpose of system
Use of O&M manuals
Operation of systems under all conditions
Interaction with other systems
Adjustments and optimization for efficiency
Health and safety
Special maintenance and replacement resources
Occupant interaction
Controls training
33. SYSTEMS MANUAL
Final BoD
System single line diagrams
As-Built sequences, set-points, etc.
System operating instructions
Maintenance schedule
Retesting schedule
34. Cx AFTER OCCUPANCY
Follow trends on BAS to ensure ongoing operation
Completion of deficiencies remaining after
construction
Follow-up on warranty issues arising
Follow up on occupant concerns during warranty
and first year occupancy
Verify that issues are cleaned up by the end of
warranty
35. FINAL REPORT
OPR
Design and shops review summary
Cx specifications
IVC results
FPT results
O&M evaluation
Value achieved through Cx
Outstanding issues
36. MULTI-FUNTION AHU
DESIGN ISSUES
Dehumidifying only
outdoor air reduces size of
equipment and increases
efficiency of equipment
Using heat recovery to
reduce load on cooling coil
Using indirect evaporative
cooler to increase HX eff’y
humidity carried outdoors
37. MULTI-FUNCTION AHU
INSTALLATION ISSUES
No radiation shield on sensor by flame
No maintenance access to some
sensors
Installation of single point sensor
where averaging required
Reset button set tight and vibration
causing unit to cut out
Overloads not set properly
38. BOILERS
DESIGN ISSUES
No check valves would
required both boilers operate in
parallel
Independent controllers would
not have been coordinated
Primary only loop with DHW
would have required
continuous minimum 160F
39. BOILER
INSTALLATION ISSUES
Water treatment eliminated by
aluminum boiler manufacturer. But
piping not protected
OA reset not programmed
because tech believed it would not
save energy
Control sensor located in single
boiler supply rather than common
header
40. RETIREMENT RESIDENCE
HVAC SYSTEM
Ground loop coupled distributed heat pumps with
supplemental gas-fired heating.
One AHU with heat recovery and HP htg/clg for fresh air
distribution to corridors and common areas
One AHU with WLHP htg/clg for Kitchen
Individual HRVs for ventilation and WLHPs for htg/clg in
each room
41. RETIREMENT HOME
DESIGN ISSUES
Heat injection before rather
than after ground loop
Moved to eliminate boiler
heating ground
HX between building loop and
ground loop removed
Reduced capital cost and
increased efficiency
42. RETIREMENT HOME Cont’d
Dedicated DHW heaters
simplified boiler loop controls,
allowed summer shutdown
and allowed primary loop OA
reset and condensing
Cascading different
temperature loops ensured
cold return water temps
40°F temp rise drop reduced
pipe and pump sizing
43. AIR HANDLER
SHOP DRAWING REVIEW FINDINGS
1. 3 re-submittals of heat wheel shop drawings required
before a workable defrost strategy provided.
2. Shop drawing coil performance based on water while
system will used propylene glycol.
3. Coils have greater air-side and water-side pressure
drops than specified.
4. Controls sequences were carbon copy of engineer’s
general wording rather than converting to specifics that
can be programmed.
Heat wheel, heating coil and cooling coils shall be
sequenced to provide energy efficient operation
44. SERVICES and REPAIR BUILDING
HVAC SYSTEM
Ground Source Heat Pump
Radiant floor heating
Dedicated outdoor air ventilation with heat recovery
Supplemental fan coils for cooling
46. SMALL SERVICES BUILDING
Functional Testing
System relied on heat pump circulator but never
programmed to operate when heat pump off
PID loops needed tuning to provide stable operation
Radiant floor valve found with wire not connected leaving
valve open and space overheating
47. SERVICE AND REPAIR BUILDING CASE STUDY
FUNCTIONAL TEST
Storage room hot, office cool. Found crossed floor loops. Office
t’stat controlling floor heat in storage room. Loops not labelled
Heat pump constantly tripping. Supplier blamed system but did not
measure any parameters. Cx measurements showed water flows
ok. Heat pump diagnostics finally found faulty TX valve and low
refrigerant.
Controls are probably the single most important item in ensuring
successful system operation for comfort and energy savings.
CC programmed system heating water temps lower than
specified because this works better
Improperly programmed 24 hr moving average outdoor temp
caused the system to flip-flop between heating and cooling
48. REAL PERFORMANCE
What is the energy use of typical buildings?
800
700
600
Annual
Energy 500
400
ekWh/m2
300
200
100
0 All data (except GoG) from
NRCan Survey (CIBEUS, 2000).
All Bldgs C&I Accom Offices Offices GoG
(ON) (ON) (ON) (CAN)
49. RETIREMENT RESIDENCE A
Actual Performance
300
250
Annual
Energy
200
ekWh/m2
150
100
50 Simulated Floor Area = 5348 m2
Actual
0
Dec '04 (SL) Nov '05 (SL) Nov '05 (CBIP) Jul '06 (Review) Apr '07 to Mar '08
50. RETIREMENT RESIDENCE B
Actual Performance
250
200
Annual
Energy
ekWh/m2 150
100
50 Floor Area = 11702 m2
Simulated
Actual
0
Aug '04 (SL) Feb '06 (CBIP) Aug '06 (Review) Aug '07 to Feb '08
51. LABORATORY BUILDING
Actual Performance
500
Simulated
Actual
400
Annual
Energy
ekWh/m2 300
200
100
Floor Area = 9350 m2
0
Aug '04 (SL) Aug '06 (CBIP) Feb '07 (Review) Dec '07 to Feb '08 Mar to May '08
52. COMPARISON
Actual energy use compared to typical buildings
800
700
600
Annual
500
Energy
ekWh/m2 400
300
200
100
0
All Bldgs C&I Accom Offices Offices GoG VA
Building SSJ
Building KPHQ
Building TRCA
Building
(ON) (ON) (ON) (CAN) A B C D
53. MMM Group Limited
100 Commerce Valley Drive West
Thornhill, ON Canada L3T 0A1
t: 905.882.1100 | f: 905.882.0055
e: mmm@mmm.ca