also known as the philosophical foundation of teachers and curriculum foundation.

1. THE TEACHER’S
PHILOSOPHICAL
HERITAGE

2. WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY
•Greek word philo means love and
Sophia means wisdom, “love of
wisdom”.
•Set of ideas that answer the
question about the nature of
reality and about the meaning of
life?

3. EDUCATIONAL
PHILOSOPHIES

4. ESSENTIALISM
AIM : Promote intellectual growth of
learners for competence.
TEACHER’S ROLE : Sole authority in the
subject matter
FOCUS : Essential skills, 3 R’s
TRENDS : Back to basics, cultural literacy,
excellence

5. PERENIALISM
AIM : To educate the rational person,
cultivate intellect
TEACHER’S ROLE : Assist learners to think
with reason( critical thinking HOTS)
FOCUS : Classical subjects, Great Books,
Enduring Curriculum
TRENDS : Use of Great Books: Bible,
Koran, Classical Books

6. EXISTENTIALISM
AIM : Education of the whole being, as
unique individuals.
TEACHER’S ROLE : Help students
define who they are, their essence.
FOCUS : Self-paced, self-directed, learner-
centered.
TRENDS : Individualized learning,
values verification.

7. PROGRESSIVISM
AIM : Promote democratic social living.
TEACHER’S ROLE : Develop lifelong
learners.
FOCUS : Learner-centeredness,
interdisciplinary, outcomes-based.
TRENDS : Humanistic education,
contextualized curriculum, equal
opportunities for all.

8. RECONSTRUCTIONISM
AIM: Improve and reconstruct society.
Education for change.
TEACHER’S ROLE : Agent of change and
reform.
FOCUS : Transformation of present to
future landscape.
TRENDS : Global education, convergence,
transformative education.

9. LINGUISTIC PHILOSOPHY
AIM : Develop communication skills in
different language (Multilingualism)
TEACHER’S ROLE : Provide experiential
learning to learn language.
FOCUS : Language and communication
TRENDS : Mastery of communication skills
(verbal, non-verbal, paraverbal or listening,
speaking, writing , reading, and viewing)

10. BEHAVIORISM
AIM : Modify and shapes learners behavior.
TEACHER’S ROLE : Arrange
environmental conditions to change
behavior.
FOCUS : learners and the learning
environment that act as stimuli.
TRENDS : Education for sustainable
development; global classrooms, multi-
sensory stimuli.

11. CONSTRUCTIVISM
AIM : Develop intrinsically motivated
learners.
TEACHER’S ROLE : Teaching students to
learn, how to learn.
FOCUS : Experiential learning.
TRENDS : UNESCO’s Pillars of education;
multiple perspectives.

12. •Why do we need
philosophy in education
especially to us future
teachers?
•What is your philosophy
of education?