Presentation Safenet in Indonesia Council of Press, August 2016

1. Southeast
Asia
Freedom
of
Expression
Network
(SAFENET)
Website:
safenetvoice.org
/
Twi5er:
@safenetvoice
DAMAR
JUNIARTO

2. Introduc:on
Southeast
Asia
Freedom
of
Expression
Network
A
network
of
Southeast
Asia
bloggers
and
online
ac:vists
who
dedicated
to
promote
freedom
of
expression
online.
We
report
on
threats
to
online
freedom
of
speech
and
support
the
work
and
words
of
ne:zens.
Our
Works
1.
Online
mapping
of
the
freedom
aFer
speech
in
Southeast
Asia
2.
Networking
and
sharing
informa:on
with
bloggers
and
online
ac:vists
in
Southeast
Asia
3.
Raise
support
and
solidarity
for
bloggers
and
online
ac:vists
in
Southeast
Asia

3. LBH
Pers
(Indonesia)
Aliansi
Jurnalis
Independen
ELSAM
(Indonesia)
ICJR
(Indonesia)
Asosiasi
Penyelenggara
Jasa
Internet
Indonesia
(APJII)
Relawan
TIK
(Indonesia)
ICDW
(Indonesia)
Forum
Demokrasi
Digital
(Indonesia)
EngageMedia
(Indonesia)
Thai
Ne:zen
Network
(Thailand)
Prachatai
(Thailand)
iLaw
(Thailand)
SEAPA
(Thailand)
The
Online
Ci:zen
(Singapore)
Layar
Burok
(Malaysia)
MalaysiaKini.com
(Malaysia)
Viet
Tan
(Vietnam)
Voice
(Vietnam)
LICADHO
(Cambodia)
Partners

4. LANDSCAPE

5. Akamai
newest
report
in
2016,
average
internet
speed
in
Indonesia
4,5
Mbps
(rise
110%
than
previous
year:
3,7
Mbps.)
Source:
h5ps://www.akamai.com/us/en/mul:media/
documents/state-­‐of-­‐the-­‐internet/akamai-­‐state-­‐of-­‐the-­‐
internet-­‐report-­‐q1-­‐2016.pdf
Access

6. Users
With
internet
users
reach
more
than
100
millions
person
this
year,
internet
now
play
a
big
role
in
today’s
life
of
Indonesian
people.
(Source:
emarketer.com)

7. Since
the
internet
entered
to
Indonesia
20
years
ago
(early
90’),
Indonesia
people
have
use
internet
for
various
purposes
such
as:
1. To
get/access
info
related
to
study,
2. To
increase
income,
3. For
shopping,
4. To
handle
disaster
(mi:ga:on),
5. Philanthropy
ac:vi:es,
6. To
give
voice
for
the
voicelss,
7. To
gather
voter
(elec:on
context)
,
8. Monitor
elec:on
Range
of
Ac:vi:es

8. David
T.
Hill
and
Khrisna
Sen
(2005)
in
The
Internet
in
Indonesia's
New
Democracy
wrote:
the
internet
has
role
in
overthrow
Soeharto’s
regime
in
1998
since
the
prodemocracy
movement
use
mailing-­‐list
to
spread
news,
consolida:on
and
mobilize
people.
At
Indonesia’s
presiden:al
elec:on
in
2014,
social
media
has
a
strong
impact
to
bring
Joko
Widodo
as
president
against
his
rival
Prabowo.
Highlight

9. REGULATION

10. Cyber
Crimes
Internet
Law
Indonesia
have
Electronic
InformaJon
and
TransacJon
Law
(Undang-­‐Undang
No.
11
Tahun
2008
tentang
Informasi
dan
Transaksi
Elektronik)
since
2008.
The
law
forbids
cyber
crimes
like
online
pornography,
fraud/money
laundry,
online
gambling,
but
also:
– Online
defama:on
in
Ar:cle
27
point
3
– Online
blasphemy
in
Ar:cle
28
point
2
– Online
threats
in
Ar:cle
29

11. Roots
– Why
Indonesia
had
those
3
ar:cles
inside
the
internet
law?
According
to
the
government
because
the
old
Penal
Code
(Kitab
Undang-­‐undang
Hukum
Pidana)
not
regulate
online
defama:on,
blasphemy,
and
threats
in
the
internet.
So,
the
EIT
Law
is
lex
specialist.
– The
law
said:
If
someone
violate
the
law,
he/she
can
be
sentence
to
jail
for
6
years
and
penalty
USD
71,000
(Rp
1
billion
IDR)
– And
because
it
is
categorized
as
a
big
crime
(more
than
5
years),
the
police
can
put
the
suspect
in
jail
for
20
days,
another
40
days
by
the
a5orney
and
can
be
add
to
40
more
days
more.
In
total
100
days
in
jail
before
the
trial
begin.

12. Censorship
• Online
Censorship
– Online
Censorship
derives
from
the
EIT
Law,
especially
from
the
online
pornography
and
online
gambling
ar:cles.
To
regulate
this,
the
government
releases
Ministerial
Decree
No.
19
/
2014
(Peraturan
Menteri
No.
19/2014)
about
Internet
NegaJve
Content
Handling
in
2014.
– The
ministerial
decree
gives
government
ability
to
implement
TRUST
+TM
POSITIF
list,
an
official
blacklist
of
websites
that
need
to
be
filter
by
the
Internet
Service
Providers
immediately.

13. Mechanism
– TRUST
+TM
POSITIF
is
a
combina:on
between
Proxy/Caching
System
with
Content
Filtering
System.
This
applica:on
uses
Squid-­‐Cache
as
Proxy/Caching
System
and
SquidGuard
as
Content
Filtering
System.
So,
TRUST
+TM
POSITIF
is
not
single
gateway
system.
– In
2015,
the
government
releases
Ministerial
Decree
No.
290/2015
(Keputusan
Menteri
No.
290/2015)
about
Internet
NegaJve
Content
Handling
Forum
to
form
a
panel
that
screen
and
gives
recommenda:ons
to
ICT
ministry
which
websites
should
be
put
in
TRUST
+TM
POSITIF
list.

14. Blocking
Panel
– The
blocking
panel
consist
of:
1.
Pornography,
Child
Abuse,
Online
Security
Panel
2.
Terrorism
and
Discrimina:on
Panel
3.
Illegal
investa:on,
Fraud,
Gambling,
Drugs,
Food
Panel
4.
Intellectual
Property
Panel
§ Lately,
the
panel
also
receives
request
from
military
to
block
West
Papua
websites
and
from
Na:onal
Commission
for
Child
Protec:on
to
block
Lesbian-­‐Gay-­‐Bisexual-­‐Transgender/LGBT
websites.

15. IMPACT
TO
DEMOCRACY

16. Nega:ve
Impact
• Against
Freedom
of
Expression
– Many
cri:cs
from
CSOs,
intellectuals,
parliament
members
address
to
Ar:cle
27
point
3
(online
defama:on),
Ar:cle
28
point
2
(online
blasphemy)
and
Ar:cle
29
(online
threats)
because
those
ar:cles
against
ArJcle
19
ICCPR,
ArJcle
28
Indonesian
ConsJtuJon,
ArJcle
23
Indonesian
Human
Rights
Law
– Also
according
to
lawyers
and
scholars,
those
ar:cles
are
duplicaJng
the
Penal
Code.
They
are
already
regulate,
but
need
to
amend
in
the
new
revision.
No
need
to
include
them
inside
the
EIT
Laws.

17. Draconian
Law
• Ways
to
Silent
Democracy
– Based
on
200
cases
records
since
2008,
SAFENET
finds
the
use
of
EIT
laws
(ar:cle
27,
28,
29)
aims
mostly
to
an6-­‐corrup6on
ac6vists,
whistleblower,
journalists.
And
can
be
profile
to
4
pa5erns:
as
a
way
to
revenge,
barter,
silent
criJcs,
shock
therapy.
Defama:on/
Blasphemy/
Threats
Revenge
Barter
Silent
Cri:cs
Shock
Therapy

18. EXAMPLES

19. Graphics
2
2
1
3
7
20
41
62
0
20
40
60
80
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Jumlah
89%
5%
1%
4%
1%
5%
Cases
Defama:on
Blasphemy
Threats
Somasi
Pornography

20. 2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Artc
31
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Artc
29
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Artc
28
(2)
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
5
Artc
27
(3)
2
2
1
3
6
18
38
48
Artc
27
(1)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Somasi
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Cases
2008
-­‐
2015
Monitoring

21. Case

22. Early
September
2013,
Donny
Iswandono
sued
by
Nias
Mayor
Idealisman
Dachi
for
his
ar:cle
»Segera!
Periksa,
Tangkap
dan
Adili
Bupa:
Nias
Selatan”.
Although
Donny
has
try
to
contact
the
Mayor
for
cover
both
sides,
but
his
request
is
rejected
by
the
mayor
and
the
mayor
choose
to
report
him
to
the
police.
Case

23. In
the
past
year,
SafeNet
recorded
11
ac:vists
were
reported
to
the
police
for
allegedly
viola:ng
criminal
provisions
in
the
ITE
Law.
The
latest
was
Pospera’
s
(Posko
Perjuangan
Rakyat)
repor:ng
of
the
Coordinator
ForBALI,
I
Wayan
“Gendo”
Suardana
on
Monday,
August
15,
2016.
DPP
Pospera
accused
Gendo
has
spread
informa:on
that
give
rise
to
hatred
and
hos:lity
as
s:pulated
in
Ar:cle
28
paragraph
2
ITE
and
Ar:cle
16
of
Law
No.
40
of
2008
on
the
Elimina:on
of
Racial
and
Ethnic
Discrimina:on.
Case

24. The
report
was
made
following
a
nudge
(tweet)
from
Gendo
through
@gendovara
account
on
July
19,
2016:
“Ah,
such
‘bot’
accounts,
broadcasted
by
napitufulus,
founder
of
the
blackmailer
of
the
people’s
headquarter
appeared
again,
defending
Susi,
monkey,
show
me
your
ugly
face”.
In
rela:on
to
Pospera’s
legal
ac:on
against
Gendo,
we
concluded
such
ac:on
was
only
to
silence
ac:vists
from
rejec:ng
the
reclama:on
plan
of
Benoa
Gulf
in
Bali.
Case

25. 9
Targets
1.
An:-­‐corrup:on
ac:vists
2.
Media
journalists
3.
Papua
ac:vists
4.
Whistleblower
5.
Environmental
ac:vists
6.
Social
ac:vists
7.
Human
rights
defenders
8.
Labour
workers
9.
LGBTs

26. UPDATES

27. Revision
of
Law
• DraF
of
Revision
on
EIT
Law
– Not
as
promising
as
the
name,
aFer
ac:vists
long
struggle
to
raise
the
important
to
revise
the
EIT
Law,
the
government
agree
to
do
the
revision
on
EIT
Law
BUT
only
to
lower
the
jail
sentence
and
penalty
to
4
years
and
Rp
750
millions.
The
draF
s:ll
under
discussion
with
Parliament.
• DraF
of
Broadcas:ng
Bill
– One
of
the
ar:cle
inside
the
Broadcas:ng
Bill
allowed
the
censorship
through
all
content
including
the
news
content.
This
is
against
the
Press
Law
(UU
Pers
Tahun
1999).
The
draF
s:ll
under
discussion
with
Parliament.

28. New
Law
• DraF
of
Online
Data
Protec:on
Law
– For
the
first
:me,
Indonesia
will
have
Online
Data
Protec:on
Law
– But
the
government
have
given
Indonesia
records
data
to
almost
150
private
companies

29. Civil
Society
Groups
– ID-­‐CONFIG/Indonesian
CSOs
for
Internet
Governance:
A
coali:on
of
civil
society
groups
that
focuses
on
mul:-­‐stakeholder
principle
of
internet
governance.
– SIKA/Solidarity
of
Fair
InformaJon
and
CommunicaJon:
A
group
of
CSOs
which
conducts
interven:on
on
internet
and
media
law
to
parliament
members
and
mainstreaming
issues
in
media.
– FDD/Digital
Democracy
Forum:
A
forum
which
promotes
freedom
of
expression
as
a
basic
element
for
democracy,
develops
democra:c
tools
for
people
to
par:cipate
in
poli:cs,
and
run
digital
literary
through
School
of
Digital
Democracy
for
youngster.
– KNRP/NaJonal
CoaliJon
BroadcasJng
Reform:
A
group
of
intellectuals
and
ac:vist,
which
conducts
legal
interven:on
on
digital
broadcas:ng
issues.

30. Thank
you
Damar
Juniarto
Regional
Coordinator
Southeast
Asia
Freedom
of
Expression
Network
www.safenetvoice.org
Mobile/Whatsapp:
+628990066000
Skype:
damar,juniarto
E-­‐mail:
damar@safenetvoice.org