Background, Objective, Content, Implication

1. The Razak & Rahman Talib
Reports
 EDF 1001 Historical and Foundations of Malaysian Education
 Prof. Dr. Rosnani Binti Hashim
 Presenters:
1) Nur Fathihah Binti Mohamad Ghani (1528012)
2) Farah Hamiza Binti Abd Ghani (1521344)

2. The Razak Report

3. 3
Background
1) Was created in 1956 and was the then by Dato' Abdul
Razak Bin Hussain's name (Education Minister)
2) Written as a Malayan Educational proposal.
3) Incorporated into the Section 3 of the Education
Ordinance of 1957 (medium basis)
4) Compromise between the Barnes Report and the
Fenn -Wuu Report.
5) The education policy should reflect a feeling of
satisfaction and an endowmnet of all different
communities in Malaysia.

4. 6) Malay medium schools referred as "national" schools
while the other schools are referred as "national-
type" schools.

5. Objective
 To examine the present educational policy of the
Federation of Malaya and to recommend any alterations or
adaptations that are necessary with a view to establishing
a national system of education acceptable to the people
of the Federation as a whole which will satisfy their needs
and promote their cultural, social, economic and political
development as a nation, having regard to the intention to
make Malay the national language of the country whilst
preserving and sustaining the growth of languages and
culture of other communities living in the country.
 In any assisted school where not less than 15 pupils
profess Muslim religion, religious insturction to them shall
be provided at public expense.

6. Content of the Report
1) Providing a national system of education that is
acceptable to the people of Federation to satisfy their
needs and promote cultural, social, economic, political
development as a nation, having regard to the intention
of having Malay language is the national language/
2) Centralized curriculum and school examination.
3) "National" and "national-type" of primary schools
should enforce Malay as a compulsory subject.
4) All national secondary schools use a common syllabus
and examination, enforce Malay and English as their
compulsory subjects.

7. 5) Teachers should be trained with a common syllabus in
teachers' training colleges.

8. Implications
1) The establishment of "national" and "national- type"
schools from the time this report is made until now.
2) It is compulsory to learn Malay and English in all national
schools.
3) Putting our national language (Malay language) at a
higher level place by using it in our daily life and while
managing the cultural, social, economic and political
development.

9. The Rahman Talib Report

10. 1) June 1960, Education Review Committee was formed
to review the National Educational Policy.
2) Responsibilities assigned:
 Review – implementation National Education
Policy in Razak Report;
 Improve education system in Federation of
Malaya
3) The chairman - YB Abd Rahman Talib.
4) The report - basis for the Education Act 1961
Background

11. Objective
1) Reconcile existing objectives of education policy -
create a national consciousness, preserving and
sustaining the various cultures of the country.
2) Process of national integration and integrity.
3) All races attend both National and National-type
secondary schools (only Malay and English schools).
For Chinese-medium secondary school – open to
non-Chinese to enter.
4) Implementation of Islamic religious study –
compulsory for all Muslim students in assisted
schools

12. The report recommended
1) Free primary school education
2) Government-assisted schools for secondary education
– Malay or English medium
3) Automatic promotion up to Form Three – no
examination
4) The language medium of public examinations –
Malayan Secondary Schools Entrance Education, the
Lower Certificate of Education and the Federation of
Malaya Certificate of Education.
5) Teaching of Islamic Education – compulsory (pre-
requisite: at least 15 pupils)
6) Emphasis on moral education – non-Muslim

13. 6) Enhancement of vocational and technical education.
 Establish Secondary Trade Schools – recruit among
boys .
 Secondary Technical Schools – based on the result of
the Lower Certificate of Education examination – 3
years course to prepare for diploma courses in
Technical College
7) Emphasis on teacher training programs – increasing
school populations
8) Students from national-typed primary schools – attend
transition class (Remove) before being promoted to Form
one (national secondary schools).
9) Malay and English compulsory subjects. In Chinese and
Tamil primary schools, the third language (English)
brought into the curriculum in the third year of the course

14. Implications
1) Free education
2) The Malay language
3) 1962, public examinations in Malay language became
possible
4) Standard school – National schools while,
5) Standard-type school – National-type schools.
6) Ensured Islamic religious instruction – compulsory –
fully implemented

15. 8) Reinforce the role of national education in national
integration
9) Rahman Talib report – enacted as the Education Act of
1961

16. Education Act 1961

17. Background
1) The federal education policy aims to establish a
national system of education – to promote the
cultural, economical and political advancement,
besides making Malay language the national
language – to unite.
2) Emphasis greater access to education.

18. Contents of the Educational Act
• Primary school education
• Lower secondary school education
• Upper secondary school education
• Education in other educational
institutes
Levels of
education
• Compulsory for all children
• Free for all
• Offered in national schools and
national-type school
Primary
education

19. • Offered in the following types of
school:
• Normal lower secondary
• Normal upper secondary (free
education up to this level)
• Trade
• Technical
• Vocational – man power need
• Secondary – form 6 (approval from
the Ministry of Education)
Secondary
education
• Only offered if there were more than
15 Muslims pupils – provided
through public fund
• Taught by trained Arabic teachers
• Two periods a week during school
our
Islamic education

20. THANK YOU.
HAVE A BLESSED DAY!