national philosophy of malaysia

1. Abdul Rahman Talib Statement
1. Malay Language as National Language
 The starting point for Malay Language as the main medium of instruction
 Malay Language as the medium of instruction in primary school, secondary school and
university
 Public examinations are in Malay Language and English Language. All candidates must
pass In Malay Language subject before entering the secondary schools.
 To give a respective position to Malay Language as a national language, suggested that
Primary Schools and Primary Schools of Public converted into National Primary Schools
and National Type Primary Schools.
2. Establishment of the School of Extended Education till 15 years old (Sekolah
Pelajaran Lanjutan)
 The age for school retirement increased to 15 years old by establishing the School of
Extended Education
 This enabled the students to further their studies 3 more years and expertise in the art of
entrepreneurship.
 In Razak Report, the students who failed to enter secondary schools had to stop their
study which is not good as 12 years old is not a suitable age to have a job. Plus,
unemployment can trigger a social problem. Hence, the age for attending school is
increased from 12 to 15 years old.
3. Establishment of the School of Extended Education (Kelas Peralihan)
 Established for the National Type Primary Schools (SJK) who wished to pursue their
studies in National Secondary Schools or English Secondary Schools

2.  Offers a 3-year vocational course to accommodate pupils who failed to find a place to
study in the academic secondary schools.
4. Automatic Enrollment
 Automatic enrollment in all government national primary schools and national secondary
schools
 Students will be enrolled automatically for the next year class as long as there is at least
an examination in a semester and annual examination.
 Education chance for 9 years are automatically provided which 6 years of primary school
and 3 years of lower secondary school
 Free education to all primary schools regardless any communication languages used in
that particular school
5. Islamic Studies and Moral Education
 Islamic studies will be taught in schools if there are at least 15 Muslim students.
 The payment will be done by the State and Country.
 Moral education for non-Muslim students will be included in the compulsory syllabus
starting from Standard 4 and 5.
6. Establishment of the State Inspectorate
 The local Education Authority under Razak Report 1957 is no longer suitable as it did
not achieve the objective and will be replaced by the State Educational Advisor
Association (Lembaga Penasihat Pelajaran Negeri) in order to assist the Federal
Inspectorate in the course of their supervisory duties.

3. 7. Teachers’ promotions
 These promotions have to be done by the Manager Congregation (Jemaah Pengurus) and
approved by Education Minister.
 In order to overcome the lack of teacher in School of Extended Education (sekolah
pelajaran lanjutan), the ministry of education has provided a three years part time
training programme for the teachers.
 Establishment of Various Courses Education System (Sistem Pendidikan Anika Jurusan)
1965 in secondary school to replace the Extended Education System (Sistem Pelajaran
Lanjutan)
 Hussein Onn report 1971 and Mahathir Report 1976 was created in order to revise the
previous national education policies

4. EDUCATIONAL BLUEPRINTS
2013-2025
1) PROVIDE EQUAL ACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATION OF AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
 Benchmark learning of languages, Science and Mathematics to international standards
 Launch revised Primary (KSSR) and Secondary (KSSM) Curriculum in 2017
 Revamp examinations and assessments to increase focus on higher-order thinking skills
by 2016
 Strengthen STEM education
 Enhance access and quality of existing education pathways, starting with vocational track
 Raise quality of all preschools and encourage universal enrolment by 2020
 Increase investment in physical and teaching resources for students
2) ENSURE EVERY CHILD IS PROFICIENT IN BAHASA MALAYSIA AND ENGLISH
LANGUAGE AND IS ENCOURAGED TO LEARN AN ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE.
 Roll out the KSSR Bahasa Malaysia curriculum for National-type schools, with intensive
remedial support for students who require it
 Expand the LINUS programme to include English literacy
 Up skill English language teachers
 Make English language SPM paper a compulsory pass and expand opportunities for
greater exposure to the language
 Encourage every child to learn an additional language by 2025

5. 3) DEVELOP VALUES-DRIVEN MALAYSIANS
 Enhance Islamic and Moral Education with greater focus on unity and fostering stronger
bonds among students
 Develop students holistically by reinforcing requirement to participate in 1 Sport, 1 Club
and 1 Uniformed Body
 Enhance and expand RIMUP from 2016 to facilitate interaction across school types.
4) TRANSFORM TEACHING INTO THE PROFESSION OF CHOICE
 Raise the entry bar for teachers from 2013 to be amongst top 30% of graduates
 Revamp the IPG to world class standards by 2020
 Upgrade the quality of continuous professional development (CPD) from 2013
 Focus teachers on their core function of teaching from 2013
 Implement competency and performance-based career progression by 2016
 Enhance pathways for teachers into leadership, master teaching and subject specialist
roles by 2016
 Develop a peer-led culture of excellence and certification process by 2025
5) ENSURE HIGH PERFORMING SCHOOL LEADERS IN EVERY SCHOOL
 Enhance selection criteria and succession planning process for principals from 2013
 Roll out a New Principal Career Package in waves with greater support and sharper
accountability for improving student outcomes
6) EMPOWER JPNs, PPDs, AND SCHOOLS TO CUSTOMISE SOLUTIONS BASED ON
NEED
 Accelerate school improvement through systematic, districtled programmes rolled out
across all states by 2014
 Allow greater school based management and autonomy for schools that meet a minimum
performance criteria
 Ensure 100% of schools meet basic infrastructure requirements by 2015, starting with
Sabah and Sarawak

6.  Ensure all government and government-aided schools receive equitable financial support
7) ICT TO SCALE UP QUALITY LEARNING ACROSS MALAYSia
 Provide internet access and virtual learning environment via 1BestariNet for all 10,000
schools
 Augment online content to share best practices starting with a video library of the best
teachers delivering lessons in Science, Mathematics, Bahasa Malaysia and English
language
 Maximise use of ICT for distance and self paced learning to expand access to high-
quality teaching regardless of location or student skill level
8) MINISTRY DELIVERY CAPABILITIES AND CAPACITY
 Empower JPNs and PPDs through greater decision-making power over budget and
personnel from 2013, and greater accountability for improving student outcomes
 Deploy almost 2,500 more personnel from the Ministry and JPNs to PPDs in order to
better support schools by 2014
 Strengthen leadership capabilities in 150-200 pivotal leadership positions from 2013
 Design new functions and structure for the Ministry, with implementation from 2016
9) PARENTS, COMMUNITY, AND PRIVATE SECTOR AT SCALE
 Equip every parent to support their child's learning through a parent engagement toolkit
and online access to their child's in-school progress
 Invite every PIBG to provide input on contextualisation of curriculum and teacher quality
from 2016
 Expand Trust School model to 500 schools by 2025 by including alumni groups and
NGOs as potential sponsors
10) STUDENT OUTCOMES FOR EVERY RINGGIT
 Link every programme to clear student outcomes and annually rationalise programmes
that have low impact

7.  Capture efficiency opportunities, with funding reallocated to the most critical areas such
as teacher training and up skilling
11) TRANSPARENCY FOR DIRECT PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
 Publish an annual public report on progress against Blueprint targets and initiatives,
starting from the year 2013
 Conduct comprehensive stock takes in 2015, 2020 and 2025

8. PENYATA RAHMAN TALIB VERSUS EDUCATIONAL
BLUEPRINT 2013-2025
PENYATA RAHMAN TALIB EDUCATIONAL BLUEPRINT 2013-2025
SCHOOL SYSTEMS
 Focusing on the school age retirement
where it was extended until the
student achieved the age of fifteen.
 Establishment of school of extended
education such as vocational school
course to accommodate pupils who
failed to find a place to study in the
academic secondary schools.
 Increase the standard of Malaysia
education system (as well as the standard
of the students) to produce globally
competitive Malaysia students.
 Students who need more help will be
given access to the right levels of support
to succeed at school.
LANGUAGE
 Introducing Bahasa Melayu as the
medium of instruction in educational
institution in order to secure its
position as the National and also to
play a role as unifying agent.
 Prioritizing the effort to improve
students’ proficiency in Bahasa
Malaysia.
 Emphasizing the importance to upgrade
English language skills among the
students
 Encouraging the students to have one
additional language
ISLAMIC STUDIES AND MORAL EDUCATION
 Less accentuate on Islamic studies
and moral education.
 The subjects will be taught according
by the numbers of students (Islamic
studies)
 The Islamic Education curriculum form
Muslim students and Moral Education
for non-Muslim students will be
strengthened through a greater focus on
understanding values related to unity and
fostering good relations among students.

9. TEACHER’S ROLE
 Promoting teacher’s position in
school in order to overcome the
problem of lacking numbers of
teachers during the particular time.
 Providing a three years part time
training programme for the teachers
 Upgrading the teacher’s quality to make
it compatible with the quality educational
systems.
 Teaching will be a prestigious, elite
profession that only recruits from the top
30% of graduates in the country.
 Teachers will receive the best training
possible, from the time they enter their
teacher training programmes, through to
the point of retirement.
IN GENERAL
 This report focused only on certain
aspects which were deemed as
important at the time.
 Covered education system in Malaysia
from every aspects that are possible such
as the students , the teachers, and parents.

10. MALAYSIA EDUCATION BLUEPRINT (2006-2010)
Strategic Thrusts / Objectives
 Nation building
Instill love and value of Malaysia’s heritage
Strengthen Bahasa Malaysia as the national language
Foster understanding of the content and needs of Islam Hadhari
 Developing human capital
Motivate learning skills and competency among students in
specific subjects including English, Science and Mathematics
Roll up Smart School concept
Strengthen the curriculum
 Strengthen national schools
Strengthen school leadership
Develop school infrastructure
Expand pre-school programme

11.  Narrowing the education gap
Improve infrastructure and basic necessities for rural schools
Increase the number of trained teachers and options in rural areas
Improve the delivery system of assistance for poor students as well
as those with special needs and minority groups
 Improving the teaching profession
Improve the identification of teachers
Strengthen teacher training
Improve career prospects for teachers
Improve teachers’ work environment and welfare
 Accelerating excellence at educational institutions
Ensure effective leadership
Give more autonomy to cluster schools in several areas
Create accountability system
Create standards and benchmarks that can guide a country to
developed status

12. RAHMAN TALIB REPORT (1960)
VS
MALAYSIA EDUCATION BLUEPRINT (2006-2010)
RAHMAN TALIB REPORT
(1960)
MALAYSIA EDUCATION
BLUEPRINT
(2006-2010)
BAHASA
MALAYSIA AS
THE
NATIONAL
LANGUAGE
 Malay Language as the
medium of instruction in
primary school, secondary
school and university
 Public examinations are in
Malay Language and English
Language. All candidates
must pass In Malay
Language subject before
entering the secondary
schools.
 To give a respective position
to Malay Language as a
national language, suggested
that Primary Schools and
Primary Schools of Public
converted into National
Primary Schools and
National Type Primary
Schools.
 Deploying a new wave to
empower the National
Language Movement
 Strengthen the
implementation of the
National Book Policy
 Establishing National
Language and Literature
Month

13. ISLAMIC
STUDIES AND
MORAL
STUDIES
 Islamic Studies will be taught
in schools if there are at least
15 Muslim students.
 Moral education for non-
Muslim students will be
included in the compulsory
syllabus starting from
Standard 4 and 5.
 Continuing the
implementation of Islamic
Education and Moral
Education ,and Civics and
Citizenship Education
TEACHING
PROFESSION
 In order to overcome the
lack of teacher in School of
Extended Education
(SekolahPelajaranLanjutan),
the Ministry of Education
has provided a three years
part time training
programme for the teachers.
 Tightening of the conditions
and criteria of future
teachers – Malaysian
Teachers Selection Test
(MTest), individual and
group interview as well as
written English test.
 Upgrading teacher training
colleges to IPG which offers
Bachelor’s Degree in
Education.
 Providing a conducive work
environment – providing
adequate facilities for
teachers teaching in rural
areas especially in terms of
housing.
ALTERNATIVE
EDUCATION
 Transitional class was
established for the National
Type Primary Schools (SJK)
students who wished to
pursue their studies in
 Providing more educational
options to parents and
students
 Expand and strengthen
further the

14. National Secondary Schools
or English Secondary
Schools
 Offers a 3-year vocational
course to accommodate
pupils who failed to find a
place to study in the
academic secondary schools
 Establishment of Various
Courses Education System
(SistemPendidikanAnikaJuru
san) 1965 in secondary
school to replace the
Extended Education System
(SistemPelajaranLanjutan)
implementation of the
MPV
(matapelajaranvokasion
al) in schools
 Continuing the
existence of various
types of schools, styles,
subjects and
fieldsspecialization

15. RELEVANCY OF RAHMAN TALIB’S STATEMENT WITH CURRENT EDUCATION
SYSTEM
STATEMENT RELEVANCY REASON/EVIDENCE
5. Malay Language as
National Language

-The starting point for Malay Language as the
main medium of instruction.
-Malay Language as the medium of instruction in
primary school, secondary school and university.
-Public examinations are in Malay Language and
English Language. All candidates must pass In
Malay Language subject before entering the
secondary schools.
-To give a respective position to Malay Language
as a national language, suggested that Primary
Schools and Primary Schools of Public converted
into National Primary Schools and National Type
Primary Schools.
6. Establishment of the
School of Extended
Education till 15 years
old
(SekolahPelajaranLanju
tan)

-Will be replaced with Various Courses Education
System (SistemPendidikanAnikaJurusan in
secondary schools.
7. Establishment of the
School of Extended
Education
(KelasPeralihan)

-“Will be demolished by the year 2017” – DS.
MuhyiddinYassin
-In order to shortened the schooling period for
SJKT/SJKC students when enrolling into
secondary school (SMK).
8. Automatic Enrollment 
-Automatic enrollment in all government national
primary schools and national secondary schools.
-Students will be enrolled automatically for the
next year class as long as there is at least an
examination in a semester and annual examination.

16. -Education chance for 9 years is automatically
provided which 6 years of primary school and 3
years of lower secondary school.
-Free education to all primary schools regardless
any communication languages used in that
particular school.
9. Islamic Studies and
Moral Education

-Following the Malaysian National Curriculum,
Islamic studies is made compulsory for Muslim
students regardless the type of schools.
-To be fair, Moral Education is made for non-
Muslim students.
-Islamic studies or moral education is one of the
core subjects students need to take on the lower-
secondary leaving examination before they are
streamed according to choice and results into
upper-secondary schools.
10. Establishment of the
State Inspectorate

-Advise and supervise the teaching performance of
teachers and educational institution.
-To improve the quality of Malaysia education
system.
11. Teacher’s Promotion 
-Teachers need to equip themselves with holistic
pedagogical skills, explore the use of various
learning models that utilise technology to inculcate
higher-order thinking skills, and enhance students’
learning.
- The National Educational Technology Standards
(NETS) requires all teachers in the classroom to be
facilitating and inspiring students to learn in a
creative way.