The New Deal (1933-1940) provided relief through programs like Social Security and unemployment insurance which helped millions of Americans. While unemployment decreased during this period, a downturn in 1937 eliminated early gains. The New Deal also pursued recovery through programs that restored confidence in banks and Wall Street. Reform efforts established agencies like the FDIC and SEC. The New Deal constructed infrastructure and changed the relationship between citizens and the government. However, some groups faced discrimination and not all Americans benefited equally from New Deal programs. Opposition grew over time and the economic downturn of 1937 marked the beginning of the end of the New Deal era.