In this presentation I will show you the muslim dynasties and sufi in subcontinent. So please see all the slides and also subscribe to my youtube channel.
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Muhammad Bin Qasim: conquerer of Sindh and MultanAbdul Rehman
Mohammad Bin Qasim
Al Hajaj Bin Yousaf
Reason for attack on Sindh
Mohammad Bin Qasim’s Attack on Sindh
Mohammad Bin Qasim was nephew of Al Hajaj Bin Yousaf
was instrumental in teaching Muhammad bin Qasim about combat and governance.
Because of the influence of Hajjaj, the young Muhammad bin Qasim was appointed the governor of Persia while in his teens.
During those times, some Muslim traders living in Ceylon died and the ruler of Ceylon sent their widows and orphans back to Baghdad.
Journey By Sea
Valuables for Hajaj Bin Yousaf
As the eight-ship caravan passed by the seaport of Daibul, pirates looted it and took the women and children prisoner.
Hajjaj demanded that Dahir return the Muslim captives and the looted items.
He also demanded that the culprits be punished.
Dahir said hat I have no control over the pirates and was, therefore, powerless to rebuke them.
Thus, in order to free the prisoners and to punish the guilty party, Hajjaj decided to undertake a huge offensive against Dahir.
Hajaj was ready to help the people of Sindh
With Muhammad bin Qasim محمد بن قاسم
The Umayyad caliphate ordered Muhammad Bin Qasim to attack over Sindh.
Mohammad Bin Qasim entered Daibul in 712 AD
He led 6,000 Syrian cavalry and at the borders of Sindh
Muhammad Bin Qasim first captured Debal, from where the Arab army marched along the Indus.
The ruler of Sindh Raja Dahir was staying in his capital Alor (Sukkur) about 500 kms. away.
Raja Dahir did not march to its defence immediately.
He conquered the Sindh and Punjab regions along the Indus River for the Umayyad Caliphate.
Muhammad Bin Qasim first captured Debal, from where the Arab army marched along the Indus.
At Rohri he was met by Dahir’s forces. Dahir died in the battle, his forces were defeated and Muhammad bin Qasim took control of Sind.
He continued his Victorious Progress in succession, Brahmanabad, Alor, Multan and Gujrat.
Now Muslims were the masters of whole Sindh and a part of Punjab up to the borders of Kashmir in the north.
He also established peace with a strong taxation system.
Hajjaj died in 714.
Suleman succeeded as the Caliph.
He was a bitter enemy of Hajjaj’s family.
He recalled Mohammad Bin Qasim from Sindh, who obeyed the orders .
When he came back, he was put to death on 715 AD at the age of twenty.
Muhammad Bin Qasim: conquerer of Sindh and MultanAbdul Rehman
Mohammad Bin Qasim
Al Hajaj Bin Yousaf
Reason for attack on Sindh
Mohammad Bin Qasim’s Attack on Sindh
Mohammad Bin Qasim was nephew of Al Hajaj Bin Yousaf
was instrumental in teaching Muhammad bin Qasim about combat and governance.
Because of the influence of Hajjaj, the young Muhammad bin Qasim was appointed the governor of Persia while in his teens.
During those times, some Muslim traders living in Ceylon died and the ruler of Ceylon sent their widows and orphans back to Baghdad.
Journey By Sea
Valuables for Hajaj Bin Yousaf
As the eight-ship caravan passed by the seaport of Daibul, pirates looted it and took the women and children prisoner.
Hajjaj demanded that Dahir return the Muslim captives and the looted items.
He also demanded that the culprits be punished.
Dahir said hat I have no control over the pirates and was, therefore, powerless to rebuke them.
Thus, in order to free the prisoners and to punish the guilty party, Hajjaj decided to undertake a huge offensive against Dahir.
Hajaj was ready to help the people of Sindh
With Muhammad bin Qasim محمد بن قاسم
The Umayyad caliphate ordered Muhammad Bin Qasim to attack over Sindh.
Mohammad Bin Qasim entered Daibul in 712 AD
He led 6,000 Syrian cavalry and at the borders of Sindh
Muhammad Bin Qasim first captured Debal, from where the Arab army marched along the Indus.
The ruler of Sindh Raja Dahir was staying in his capital Alor (Sukkur) about 500 kms. away.
Raja Dahir did not march to its defence immediately.
He conquered the Sindh and Punjab regions along the Indus River for the Umayyad Caliphate.
Muhammad Bin Qasim first captured Debal, from where the Arab army marched along the Indus.
At Rohri he was met by Dahir’s forces. Dahir died in the battle, his forces were defeated and Muhammad bin Qasim took control of Sind.
He continued his Victorious Progress in succession, Brahmanabad, Alor, Multan and Gujrat.
Now Muslims were the masters of whole Sindh and a part of Punjab up to the borders of Kashmir in the north.
He also established peace with a strong taxation system.
Hajjaj died in 714.
Suleman succeeded as the Caliph.
He was a bitter enemy of Hajjaj’s family.
He recalled Mohammad Bin Qasim from Sindh, who obeyed the orders .
When he came back, he was put to death on 715 AD at the age of twenty.
The Faraizi movement was a reform movement formed in Bengal in the nineteenth century. In the early stages, the goal of this movement was the reform of religion. But later on this movement, the tendency for socioeconomic reforms was noticed. The word Faraizi originates from ‘Faraj’.
This means that the duty of Allah is the duty of Allah.
Khilafat Movement
By Zubda Ahmad
INTRODUCTION
The Khilafat movement was a religio-political movement launched by the Muslims of India for the retention of the Ottoman Caliphate and for not handing over the control of Muslim holy places to non-Muslims. BACKGROUNDTurkey sided with Germany in World War 1. As it began to lose the war, concerns were expressed in India about the future of Turkey. It was a peak period from 1919 to 1922 casting demonstrations, boycott, and other pressure by the two major communities, the Hindus and the Muslims. Being brothers, the Indian Muslims realized their religious duty to help the Muslim country. It was the extra territorial attachments based on Islam. Another factor same to the first was that the Indian Muslims considered Ottoman Caliphate a symbol of unity of the Muslim world as Ummah.
Goals
1. Ottoman Khilafat should be kept intact.2. To preserved the Territorial solidarity.3. Control of holy the places should not be given to non-Muslims.
DIMENSIONS
The writings of the Muslim intellectuals provoked the sentiments for the preservation of Khilafat and retention of the Muslims control of the holy places.
The Muslims journalism played a vital role to steer the direction of the struggle.
Zamindar of Zafar Ali Khan, Comrade and Hamdard of Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, and Al-Hilal of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad etc. were the prominent newspapers and magazines which performed their duties to express their resentment.
The Allies imposed humiliating terms on defeated Turkey.
Activities of khilafat movement
Deligations:
Deligations were sent to U.K and other European countries the feelings of the Muslims to get the governments.
Medical Aid:
Doctors,nurses arid medicines were dispatched to Turkey for the treatment of wounded Turkish soldiers.
Activities of khilafat movement
Treaty Of Sevres:
In 1920, treaty of sevres was signed between Allied forces.It was decided by the treaty that the Allies and Syria,Iraq and Jordan woud be separated from Turkish empire.
Processions:
Muslim volunteers presented themselves to police for arrests.All leaders were sent behind the bars but the movement could not be diminished.
Protests in India:
All India Khilafat Committee was formed at Bombay in July 1919. The first Khilafat Conference at Delhi in November 1919 was arranged in which the Congress leaders like Gandhi and Nehru participated. In this way, the major political parties joined hands to assault the injustice with the Muslim community.
These steps were announced:
No participation in victory celebrations.
Boycott of British goods.
Non Cooperation with the Government.
The second Khilafat Conference (Amritsar) was held in Dec. 1919. Maulana Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali joined the session after being released from prison. In Jan. 1920, M. A. Ansari led a delegation
The Faraizi movement was a reform movement formed in Bengal in the nineteenth century. In the early stages, the goal of this movement was the reform of religion. But later on this movement, the tendency for socioeconomic reforms was noticed. The word Faraizi originates from ‘Faraj’.
This means that the duty of Allah is the duty of Allah.
Khilafat Movement
By Zubda Ahmad
INTRODUCTION
The Khilafat movement was a religio-political movement launched by the Muslims of India for the retention of the Ottoman Caliphate and for not handing over the control of Muslim holy places to non-Muslims. BACKGROUNDTurkey sided with Germany in World War 1. As it began to lose the war, concerns were expressed in India about the future of Turkey. It was a peak period from 1919 to 1922 casting demonstrations, boycott, and other pressure by the two major communities, the Hindus and the Muslims. Being brothers, the Indian Muslims realized their religious duty to help the Muslim country. It was the extra territorial attachments based on Islam. Another factor same to the first was that the Indian Muslims considered Ottoman Caliphate a symbol of unity of the Muslim world as Ummah.
Goals
1. Ottoman Khilafat should be kept intact.2. To preserved the Territorial solidarity.3. Control of holy the places should not be given to non-Muslims.
DIMENSIONS
The writings of the Muslim intellectuals provoked the sentiments for the preservation of Khilafat and retention of the Muslims control of the holy places.
The Muslims journalism played a vital role to steer the direction of the struggle.
Zamindar of Zafar Ali Khan, Comrade and Hamdard of Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, and Al-Hilal of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad etc. were the prominent newspapers and magazines which performed their duties to express their resentment.
The Allies imposed humiliating terms on defeated Turkey.
Activities of khilafat movement
Deligations:
Deligations were sent to U.K and other European countries the feelings of the Muslims to get the governments.
Medical Aid:
Doctors,nurses arid medicines were dispatched to Turkey for the treatment of wounded Turkish soldiers.
Activities of khilafat movement
Treaty Of Sevres:
In 1920, treaty of sevres was signed between Allied forces.It was decided by the treaty that the Allies and Syria,Iraq and Jordan woud be separated from Turkish empire.
Processions:
Muslim volunteers presented themselves to police for arrests.All leaders were sent behind the bars but the movement could not be diminished.
Protests in India:
All India Khilafat Committee was formed at Bombay in July 1919. The first Khilafat Conference at Delhi in November 1919 was arranged in which the Congress leaders like Gandhi and Nehru participated. In this way, the major political parties joined hands to assault the injustice with the Muslim community.
These steps were announced:
No participation in victory celebrations.
Boycott of British goods.
Non Cooperation with the Government.
The second Khilafat Conference (Amritsar) was held in Dec. 1919. Maulana Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali joined the session after being released from prison. In Jan. 1920, M. A. Ansari led a delegation
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Brief Discussion of Cyber Crime issues Fahad Saleem
This document briefly discuss about Cyber crime issue, its types and also the steps taken by Pakistani Government in order to mitigate this major issue. this document also discuss a short case study about the recent cyber crime case.
In this presentation I will show the Barriers of communication so please see all the slides and leave comments for my improvement and subscribe to my youtube channel.
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In this presentation I will show you the energy crises in Pakistan, causes and also sources. So please see all the slides and give comments and also subscribe to my youtube channel.
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In this presentation I will show you breif about the lord of the rings so please see all the slides of this presentation and leave comments for my improvement. Thanks
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Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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4. MUSLIM DYNASTIES IN INDIA’S HISTORY:
Dynasties which ruled independently of Delhi/Agra are labeled as
Provincial Dynasties. Afghanistan was very much a part of India not
only in the days of these dynasties but till as late at the time of
Mughal Empire in the eighteenth century.
India had suffered the first attack in 634 CE, only two years after the
death of the prophet Muhammad .ﷺ
It was only in 712 CE that an Islamic invasion succeeded in occupying
Sindh, Multan and some parts of the Punjab.
5. Muslim Dynasties:
The Muslim dynasties which functioned from Sindh and Ghazni
undertook destruction of Hindu temples extensively whenever and
wherever they succeeded in occupying Indian Territory. The same
pattern was followed by the Muslim dynasties established at
Delhi/Agra.
An intensive destruction of temples was undertaken by the Muslim
dynasties which arose in the provinces Sindh, Kashmir, Bengal,
Malwa, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh.
Now we discuss the following dynasties, which came in the history
of Indian Subordinates.
6. 1-The Umayyad (661 to 749 CE):
This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Banu ʾUmayya,
"Sons of Umayya) hailing from Makkah. Umayyad Caliphate covered
15 million km2 and 62 million people (29% of the world's population),
making it the fifth largest empire in history in both area and population
vise.
7. It has two rulers:
Al-Walid I:
Al-Walid I was born in 668 CE and died in 715 CE. He ruled from 705
until his death in 715 CE. It was during his reign that one of his
general, Muhammad bin Qasim, succeeded in occupying Sindh and
some parts of the Punjab between 712 and 715 CE.
Al-Walid II:
Walid ibn Yazid or Walid II, he was born in 709 and died in 744 CE. He was
an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 743 until 744 CE. He succeeded his uncle,
Hisham ibn Abdul Al-Malik.
8. 2-The Abbasids (750 to1258 CE):
This dynasty succeeded the Umayyad and moved the seat of the
Caliphate to Baghdad. Starting with the nineteenth caliph, it had thirty-
seven rulers, the last of whom was killed by Halaku in 1258 CE.
9. It had thirty five rulers but only two figure in our citations.
Al-Mansur:
Al-Mansur was born in 754 at the home of the 'Abbasid family after
their emigration from the Hejaz in 714 and he died in 775 CE. It was
in his reign that his governor of Sindh, Hasham bin Amru, led an
expedition on the west coast of India in 756.
Al-Mahdi:
Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Abdallah al-Mansur (born in 744
and died in 785 CE), was better known by his regnal name Al-Mahdi.
He was the Abbasid Caliph who reigned from 775.
10. 3-The Saffarid Dynasty of Seistan (861 to 1003 CE):
This Dynasty arose when the Abbasid Caliphate had weakened.
He was a Muslim dynasty from Sistan that ruled over parts of eastern
Iran, with its capital at Zaranj (a city now in Southwestern
Afghanistan) from 861 to 1003 CE.
11. It had 2 rulers both of whom figure in our citation.
Yaqub bin Laith:
Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar born in Makkah (in 840 and died in
879 CE), He was the founder of the Saffarid dynasty, with its capital
at Zaranj, as well as portions of western Pakistan and a small part
of Iraq.
Amru bin Laith:
Amru ibn al-Layth was the second ruler of the Saffarid dynasty of Iran from
879 to 901 CE. He was the son of a whitesmith and the younger brother of the
dynasty's founder.
12. 4-The Qaramitah Dynasty of Multan (980-1175):
After the Saffarids lost their hold on Sindh, Multan separated from the
province and became an independent Muslim kingdom. By 980 it had
become a stronghold of the Qaramitah sect of the Ismailis.
13. 5-The Yamini or Ghaznivid Dynasty (977-1186):
The Saffarid dynasties in Khurasan, Seistan and Zabul had been taken
over by the Ghaznivid Dynasty. The Ghaznivid governor of
Khurasan, occupied Ghazni in 963 and declared independence. The
dynasty founded by him proved incompetent and the throne was seized
in 977 CE and became the founder of the Ghaznivid Dynasty which
came to be known as the Yamini.
14. It has three rulers that figure in our citations.
Ibrahim of Ghazna:
Ibrahim of Ghazna born in 1033 and died in 1099 was sultan of
the Ghaznavid Empire from 1059 CE until his death in 1099 CE.
Sultan Mahmud:
Yamin-ud-Dawla Abul-Qaṣim Maḥmud more commonly known
as Mahmud of Ghazni born in 971 and died in 1030 CE. He was the most
prominent ruler of the Ghaznavid Empire. He occupied the eastern Iranian
lands and the northwestern Indian subcontinent.
Abu Mansur:
Abu Mansur was the founder of the Ghaznavid dynasty, ruling from 977 CE
to 997 CE. He was heavily involved in the defense of Ghazna's independence
for the next 15 years.
15. 6-The Ghurid Dynasty (1149 to 1206 CE):
This dynasty arose in the Ghur region of Afghanistan and had its seat
at Firuz Koh. We have counted the Ghurid rulers from Alaud-Din
Jahansuz who stormed and burnt down Ghazni in 1149. Ghazni was,
however, occupied by the Guzz Turks. The Ghurid king, Ghiyasud-
Din Muhammad bin Sam, who had succeeded his uncle Alaud-Din
Jahansuz at Firuz Koh, appointed his younger brother, Shihabud-
Din Muhammad bin Sam, as the governor of Ghazni. Shihabud-Din
( born in 1175 and died in 1206 CE) occupied Sindh and Multan.
17. 1-Abu Ishaq Shami:
Abu Ishaq Shami (died 940) was a Muslim scholar who is the
founder of the Chishti Order. He was the first in the Chishti lineage
(silsila) to live in Chisht and so to adopt the name "Chishti". He is one
of the oldest recorded Sufi orders.
18. 2-Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti:
He was born in 1139 and died in 1236 in “Chisht” in a city between
Afghanistan and Iran, also known as Gharib Nawaz. He was an imam
and Islamic scholar from South Asia. He was a Hafiz e Quran at age
of fifteen and had mastered the Arabic, Farsi and Turkic languages. He
traveled to Neshapur, where he became a disciple of Khwaja Uthman
Chisti.
19. 3-Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki:
Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki was born in 1173 and died in 1235, was a
Muslim Sufi and scholar of the Chishti Order from Delhi. He was the
disciple of the Moinuddin Chishti. Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar had much
influence on Sufism in India. He continued and developed the ideas of
brotherhood and charity within the Chisti order.
20. 4-Khwaja Fariduddin Ganjshakar:
Khwaja Fariduddin Ganjshakar, also known as Baba Farid born
in 1179 and died in 1266. He was a Sufi saint from the Chishti order,
living in Punjab. Once his education was over, he moved to Delhi,
where he learned the Islamic doctrine from his master, Qutbuddin
Bakhtiar Kaki. When Quṭbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki died, Farid became
his successor, and he settled in Ajodhan (the present Pakpattan,
Pakistan) instead of Delhi.
21. 5-Nizamuddin Auliya:
Nizamuddin Auliya was born in 1238 and died in 1325, also known
as Hazrat Nizamuddin. He was a famous Sufi saint of the Chishti
Order. At the age of twenty, Nizamuddin went to Ajodhan (the
present Pakpattan Sharif in Pakistan) and became a disciple of the Sufi
saint Fariduddin Ganjshakar. It was on his third visit to Ajodhan that
Baba Farid made him his successor.
22. 6-Najmuddin Kubra:
Najmuddin Kubra was a Persian sufi and the founder of
the Kubrawiya lineage (silsila). He was born in 1145. Najmuddin
Kubra began his career as a scholar of hadith and kalam. His interest in
Sufism began in Egypt, where he became a murid of Ruzbihan Baqli.
After years of study, he devoted himself to the sufi way of life.