This document discusses the metaphysics of moral values. It examines what "good" means through philosophical studies of concepts outside objective experience. It explores good as an analogous concept seen through different experiences and relations between subjects and objects. Good becomes a value when freely chosen by a person. There is a dynamism of good involving both subject and object valuing. The document also discusses the two-fold tendency in man - the natural tendency towards desires and goods as objects, and the moral choice of goods as reasonable objects of love through will and reason. It concludes that intellect creates sages while will makes saints.

1. The Metaphysics
of Moral Values

2. Metaphysics
Abstract philosophical studies : a study of what is
outside objective experience. (http://www.merriam-
webster.com)
• What does it mean?
 Refers to the studies of what cannot be reached
through objective studies of material reality.
(http://www.pbs.org)

3. What does
“GOOD” mean to
you?

4. The Studies
1. In our EXPERIENCE, the good appears as an ANALOGOUS
concept to the various grades of beings.
(Analogous – means similar or comparable)
Example:
• Sunlight is good for the grass
• The grass is good for the cow
• That person is good to me

5. 2. In different aspects:
• The good as Perfective of a subject is object of desire.
(Thing-to-person Relation)
• The good as Perfect in itself is object of love (Person-
to-person Relation)
• A good becomes a value to a person if it is freely
chosen
Hence, value is not identical with good but is an
added aspect of the good..

6. 3. Dynamism of the Good
 Subject Valuing
It is shown when a material is being on a value to the
user because he or she has already a tendency to use it.
 Object valuing
It is shown if that material has a specific QUALITY that
can fulfill a need of a user

7. The two-fold Tendency of
a Man

8. The Natural tendency to the good.
This tendency is best explained as:
• Will as Object.
• This type of good is an object of natural
desire
• This tendency is to possess things. This is
HUMAN

9. The Moral Choice of what is Reasonable
This tendency is best explained as:
• The Will as Reason
• This type of good is an object of reasonable
love
• This tendency is to know and love another
person. This is MORAL

10. Thus, we say:
“The Wisdom of the intellect creates
sage; the wisdom of the will makes
a saint.”

11. ~FIN~

12. Thanks for
Listening.
God Bless
You Prepared by:
Mary Grace L. Alilin