The lahore resolution
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The document discusses A.K. Fazlul Huq, a Bengali nationalist leader who proposed the Lahore Resolution in 1940 while serving as the chief minister of Bengal. The Lahore Resolution called for independent states for Muslims in India. However, Huq realized that the All-India Muslim League was more focused on West Pakistan, not Bengal (East Pakistan). As a Bengali nationalist, his priorities were the rural Muslim people of Eastern Bengal. After partition, he continued advocating for the people of East Bengal/East Pakistan as a politician and governor.
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By Zubda Ahmad
INTRODUCTION
The Khilafat movement was a religio-political movement launched by the Muslims of India for the retention of the Ottoman Caliphate and for not handing over the control of Muslim holy places to non-Muslims. BACKGROUND Turkey sided with Germany in World War 1. As it began to lose the war, concerns were expressed in India about the future of Turkey. It was a peak period from 1919 to 1922 casting demonstrations, boycott, and other pressure by the two major communities, the Hindus and the Muslims. Being brothers, the Indian Muslims realized their religious duty to help the Muslim country. It was the extra territorial attachments based on Islam. Another factor same to the first was that the Indian Muslims considered Ottoman Caliphate a symbol of unity of the Muslim world as Ummah.
Goals
1. Ottoman Khilafat should be kept intact. 2. To preserved the Territorial solidarity. 3. Control of holy the places should not be given to non-Muslims.
DIMENSIONS
The writings of the Muslim intellectuals provoked the sentiments for the preservation of Khilafat and retention of the Muslims control of the holy places.
The Muslims journalism played a vital role to steer the direction of the struggle.
Zamindar of Zafar Ali Khan, Comrade and Hamdard of Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, and Al-Hilal of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad etc. were the prominent newspapers and magazines which performed their duties to express their resentment.
The Allies imposed humiliating terms on defeated Turkey.
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Deligations:
Deligations were sent to U.K and other European countries the feelings of the Muslims to get the governments.
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Doctors,nurses arid medicines were dispatched to Turkey for the treatment of wounded Turkish soldiers.
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In 1920, treaty of sevres was signed between Allied forces.It was decided by the treaty that the Allies and Syria,Iraq and Jordan woud be separated from Turkish empire.
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Muslim volunteers presented themselves to police for arrests.All leaders were sent behind the bars but the movement could not be diminished.
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These steps were announced:
No participation in victory celebrations.
Boycott of British goods.
Non Cooperation with the Government.
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1. Ottoman Khilafat should be kept intact. 2. To preserved the Territorial solidarity. 3. Control of holy the places should not be given to non-Muslims.
DIMENSIONS
The writings of the Muslim intellectuals provoked the sentiments for the preservation of Khilafat and retention of the Muslims control of the holy places.
The Muslims journalism played a vital role to steer the direction of the struggle.
Zamindar of Zafar Ali Khan, Comrade and Hamdard of Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, and Al-Hilal of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad etc. were the prominent newspapers and magazines which performed their duties to express their resentment.
The Allies imposed humiliating terms on defeated Turkey.
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Deligations:
Deligations were sent to U.K and other European countries the feelings of the Muslims to get the governments.
Medical Aid:
Doctors,nurses arid medicines were dispatched to Turkey for the treatment of wounded Turkish soldiers.
Activities of khilafat movement
Treaty Of Sevres:
In 1920, treaty of sevres was signed between Allied forces.It was decided by the treaty that the Allies and Syria,Iraq and Jordan woud be separated from Turkish empire.
Processions:
Muslim volunteers presented themselves to police for arrests.All leaders were sent behind the bars but the movement could not be diminished.
Protests in India:
All India Khilafat Committee was formed at Bombay in July 1919. The first Khilafat Conference at Delhi in November 1919 was arranged in which the Congress leaders like Gandhi and Nehru participated. In this way, the major political parties joined hands to assault the injustice with the Muslim community.
These steps were announced:
No participation in victory celebrations.
Boycott of British goods.
Non Cooperation with the Government.
The second Khilafat Conference (Amritsar) was held in Dec. 1919. Maulana Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali joined the session after being released from prison. In Jan. 1920, M. A. Ansari led a delegation
Mr. liaquat ali khan
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2) The first constituent assembly passed the Objectives Resolution in 1949, outlining Pakistan as a democratic Islamic republic.
3) Pakistan's first constitution was passed in 1956, establishing a parliamentary republic. However, it was abrogated in 1958 after just two years.
4) Subsequent constitutions were passed in 1962 and 1973, with the latter establishing the current parliamentary system of government. It has since undergone several amendments.
Constitution of 1973
The 1973 constitution of Pakistan was adopted on April 12, 1973. It is the supreme law of Pakistan and replaces previous basic laws. Some key features include: it establishes a federal parliamentary democratic republic, with Islam as the state religion and Urdu and English as official languages. The constitution provides for direct elections, an independent judiciary, and fundamental rights for citizens. It can only be amended by a two-thirds majority vote in the bicameral parliament.
All india muslim league
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Akkel Ali Seikh was a peasant leader in British India who fought for independence and the rights of oppressed groups. He gained popularity among peasants and Bengali Muslims for his selfless support. Seikh participated in the Khilafat Movement and led Muslims in Assam during the 1930 Line System protests. As a member of the Indian National Congress from East Bengal, he joined the Quit India Movement. After partition, Seikh stayed in India while his political mentor left for Pakistan.
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Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy was a prominent Bengali political leader who played a key role in the independence movements of both Pakistan and Bangladesh. He began his political career in 1921 and held several prominent positions, including serving as the first Chief Minister of united Bengal in 1946 and Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1956. Throughout his career, Suhrawardy advocated for Muslim rights in Bengal and worked to unite Bengalis politically. He passed away in 1963 while serving as the opposition leader in Pakistan.
Great Personalities of India
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was an Indian scholar and freedom fighter who played a pivotal role in India's independence movement. He was born in Mecca in 1888 to an Afghan family and grew up studying Islamic theology. As a revolutionary, he published newspapers to promote nationalism and Hindu-Muslim unity. He supported Gandhi's non-violent campaigns and served as president of the Indian National Congress multiple times. After independence, Azad became India's first education minister and oversaw the establishment of key educational institutions. He spent his life advocating for education and unity between India's religious communities.
The Punjab Politics : A History from 1937 to 1997
Punjab's political history from 1937-1997 can be divided into four periods: pre-independence, 1947-1980, 1980-1997 crisis period, and post-2000. Key events included the rise of the Unionist Party pre-independence, the Akali movement for a Punjabi-speaking state, the Sikh insurgency and crisis of the 1980s, and Parkash Singh Badal leading the Akali Dal government in 1997. Religion, language, dominant castes like Jats, and agriculture have all strongly influenced Punjab's political landscape over this time period.
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FREEDOM FIGHTERS OF INDIA.IT HELPS children to know more about freedom fighters and their contributions and the movements they have taken during british rulers.They will gain more and more,they will search more and more about that
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The document summarizes the framing of the Indian Constitution. It details that the Constituent Assembly first met in 1946 to draft the constitution, which was then published for public comment in 1948. The constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950. It highlights some of the prominent leaders involved in the drafting, including Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Jawaharlal Nehru, Bhimrao Ambedkar, and Sarojini Naidu.
Making of the indian constitution
The document summarizes the framing of the Indian Constitution. It details that the Constituent Assembly first met in 1946 to draft the constitution, which was then published for public comment in 1948. The constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950. It highlights some of the prominent leaders involved in the drafting, including Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Jawaharlal Nehru, Bhimrao Ambedkar, and Sarojini Naidu.
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Concise analysis on Life history, activity of great nationalist Subhash Chandra Bose. Discussion on his activity, Indian National Congress & falling out with Gandhi. Mention of Forward Bloc & Indian National Army, leading to overall conclusion.
Freedom fighter
1. The document provides biographical information on 15 prominent Indian freedom fighters and leaders, including Lakshmi Bai, Bhagat Singh, Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari, Vithalbhai Patel, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Dr. Ambedkar, Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Chandrasekhar Azad and others.
2. It gives the date of birth, date of death, place of birth and brief background of each leader.
3. The leaders played an important role in the Indian
Evolution of Muslim leage
The All-India Muslim League was founded in 1906 to represent Muslim political interests in British India and advocated for the formation of a separate Muslim state of Pakistan. It began as an elitist organization but gained mass popularity in the 1940s under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The Muslim League played a key role in the partition of British India in 1947, which led to the creation of Pakistan as a homeland for Indian Muslims according to the two-nation theory. After independence and partition, the Muslim League's role diminished and it was disbanded in India and relegated to a minor party in Pakistan.
Description coins
The document provides brief biographies of important historical figures from India, including politicians, freedom fighters, social reformers, and spiritual leaders. Some of the figures mentioned are Mohandas Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi, Kamaraj, Rajiv Gandhi, Thiruvalluvar, Subhas Chandra Bose, Shivaji, Ambedkar, Dadabhai Naoroji, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Jayaprakash Narayan, Vallabhbhai Patel, Syama Prasad Mookerjee, Tukaram, Sri Aurobindo, Dnyaneshwar, Bal Gangadhar Til
NETAJI.pptx
1) Subhas Chandra Bose was born in 1897 in Cuttack, India. He was educated in India and England, obtaining degrees but resigning from the civil service to join the Indian independence movement.
2) In 1939, Bose formed the All India Forward Bloc as a left-wing faction within the Indian National Congress that advocated for complete independence of India with social justice.
3) During World War 2, Bose escaped from India to Germany and then Singapore, where he reformed the Indian National Army from Indian prisoners of war with the goal of liberating India from British rule. The INA attracted around 45,000 soldiers.
Prime ministers of India
This document lists the Prime Ministers of India from 1947 to 1977, including Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister from 1947 to 1964. The second Prime Minister was Lal Bahadur Shastri from 1964 to 1966. Gulzarilal Nanda was interim Prime Minister from May 27 to June 9, 1964. Indira Gandhi, daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, was the only woman Prime Minister, holding the office from 1966 to 1977.
Bipin chandra pal
Bipin Chandra Pal was an Indian nationalist leader, writer, orator and journalist from Bengal who was known as the "Father of Revolutionary Thought" in India. He was a major leader of the Indian National Congress who worked to popularize the concepts of Swadeshi and Swaraj through his writings and speeches. Pal stood against the partition of Bengal and the use of foreign goods, believing that boycotting foreign imports could help reduce poverty and unemployment in India. He advocated for stronger forms of protest than non-cooperation against the British government.
women members of constituen assembly.pptx
The document summarizes the 15 women members of the Constituent Assembly that drafted the Constitution of India in 1946. It provides biographical details of each member, including their contributions to the Indian independence movement through participation in organizations like the Indian National Congress and the Quit India Movement. The women came from various regions and backgrounds across India and played an important role in establishing the democratic framework for the newly independent nation.
He devoted his life for the pride and honor of the country
Lal Bahadur Shastri was an Indian politician who served as Prime Minister of India from 1964 to 1966. He devoted his life to serving the country with honor and principles. As Railway Minister, he resigned after a train accident killed 150 people to take responsibility. As Prime Minister, he addressed issues like food shortage and unemployment, and launched the Green Revolution program to boost agricultural production. He passed away in 1966 from a heart attack while serving as Prime Minister.
Lahore Resolution of 1940, Emergence of Bangladesh.pptx
Bangladesh studies course, north south university
Peer Ali Khan: The Political and Social Advocate for Pashtun Rights in Britis...
Peer Ali Khan, also known as Sardar Ali Khan, was a prominent political figure in the North-West Frontier Province of British India (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan) during the early 20th century. He was born in the small village of Shaidu, near the town of Nowshera, in 1888. His father, Mohammad Azam Khan, was a prominent tribal leader and landowner in the region, and Peer Ali Khan was brought up in a privileged and influential household.
Peer Ali Khan received his early education in a local madrasa, and later attended the Edwardes College in Peshawar, where he studied law. After completing his studies, he returned to his home region and began to work as a lawyer. However, his political ambitions soon took over, and he became involved in the Indian National Congress, which was then a major force in the struggle for independence from British rule.
In 1920, Peer Ali Khan was elected to the provincial assembly of the North-West Frontier Province, and he quickly established himself as a leading figure in the political landscape of the region. He was a strong advocate for the rights of the Pashtun people, who were then living under British rule, and he spoke out forcefully against the policies of the colonial authorities.
One of Peer Ali Khan’s key concerns was the issue of the Pashtun tribes who lived along the border with Afghanistan. These tribes had a long history of resistance to British rule, and had often taken up arms against the colonial authorities. Peer Ali Khan argued that the only way to bring peace to the region was to grant the tribes a degree of autonomy, and to allow them to govern themselves according to their own traditional customs and practices.
Peer Ali Khan also played an important role in the Khilafat movement, which was a campaign to support the Ottoman Caliphate following its defeat in World War I. He was a close associate of Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, a leading figure in the movement, and he worked tirelessly to promote its aims and objectives.
In 1923, Peer Ali Khan was appointed as the President of the All India Khilafat Committee, which was responsible for coordinating the activities of the movement across the country. He traveled extensively throughout India, speaking at public meetings and rallies, and building support for the cause of the Caliphate.
However, as the Khilafat movement began to lose momentum, Peer Ali Khan turned his attention to other issues affecting the Pashtun people. In 1928, he founded the Anjuman-i-Islah-i-Afghan, an organization that was dedicated to promoting social and educational reform in the region. The organization established a network of schools and colleges, and worked to improve the lives of ordinary people through a range of social and economic programs.
Despite his efforts, Peer Ali Khan was never able to achieve his ultimate goal of securing full independence for the Pashtun people. However, his tireless efforts to promote their rights and improve their lives made him
P.p.d by ashish
Shankar Dayal Sharma was the ninth President of India from 1992 to 1997. Prior to that, he served as the eighth Vice President of India and Chief Minister of Bhopal state. He was a lifelong member of the Indian National Congress party and held several ministerial portfolios at the national level. As President, Sharma had to swear in three different Prime Ministers during his final year in office. He died in 1999 from a heart attack at the age of 81.
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Akkel Ali Seikh: A forgotten Freedom fighter of East Bengal origin in Assam
Akkel Ali Seikh: A forgotten Freedom fighter of East Bengal origin in Assam
He devoted his life for the pride and honor of the country
He devoted his life for the pride and honor of the country
Lahore Resolution of 1940, Emergence of Bangladesh.pptx
Lahore Resolution of 1940, Emergence of Bangladesh.pptx
Peer Ali Khan: The Political and Social Advocate for Pashtun Rights in Britis...
Peer Ali Khan: The Political and Social Advocate for Pashtun Rights in Britis...
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The poem describes the speaker's clothes as being made of different foods, with their shirt being red tomato soup, pockets being green peas, khakis being brown dog biscuits, and socks being cottage cheese. Their shoes are described as vanilla ice cream with limp spaghetti bows. The speaker wishes they could eat their clothes but then they would have no clothes left.
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Class vii eng lit - to-kill-a-mockingbird-chapter-summaries
The story is narrated by Jean Louise Finch, nicknamed Scout. The Finch family lives in Maycomb, Alabama during the 1930s. Atticus Finch is a widowed lawyer raising Scout and her older brother Jem. Their neighbor, Arthur "Boo" Radley, is a recluse who is rarely seen. The children are fascinated by rumors about Boo Radley. That summer, their friend Dill arrives and encourages Jem and Scout to try interacting with Boo, which leads to frightening encounters at the Radley place.
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These discussion points provide questions about each chapter in Harper Lee's novel "To Kill a Mockingbird". The questions probe key events in the plot, such as Tom Robinson's trial and its aftermath, as well as themes of racial injustice, loss of innocence, and the moral courage of standing up for equality.
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The lahore resolution
- 2. A. K. Fazlul Huq Sher-e-Bangla (Tiger of Bengal) 26 October 1873—27 April 1962) Born in Barishal Founding the All-India Muslim League in Dhaka 1906 advocate and present the Lahore Resolution in 1940
- 3. A. K. Fazlul Huq His Political Strategy was to make the rural middle class in his power base¨’ In 1935, he founded the social democratic Agriculturalist Tenant Party (Krishak Praja Party) With the objectives of relieving the peasants of the oppression of Zamidars and moneylenders
- 4. The Lahore Resolution In 1937, Fazlul haque was appointed as the chief minister of Bengal In 1940, Huq proposed the Lahore Resolution Later he realized that All-India Muslim League was mainly concerned with west Pakistan not Bengal (East- Pakistan) His mind was mainly concerned with Bengal-primarily its rural Muslim people in Eastern Bengal Muslim leaders from across British India at the All-India Muslim League Working Committee session in Lahore
- 5. Political Career : East Pakistan After the Partition of India in 1947, he moved to Pakistan and led the United Front government in East Bengal, serving as Chief Minister and Governor In 1953, he founded the Krishak Shramik Party (KSP) and formed the united front with Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani and Shurawardy to fight the election battle in 1954 His leadership and Popularity was the dominant factor for the landslide victory of the United Front He became the chief minister of East Bengal in 1954 and governor of East Pakistan in 1956
- 6. A. K. Fazlul Huq He was a dreamer of Bangali nation; who always fought for freeing his people from exploitation and deprivation A lifelong Bengali nationalist, he is regarded as one of the forerunning leaders in the independence of Bangladesh