kidneys ppt
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Renal system
The renal system consists of the kidneys and urinary bladder. The kidneys play a vital role in maintaining fluid balance and composition in the body, regulating the internal environment. The kidneys are composed of nephrons which filter blood, reabsorbing necessary substances and secreting waste products to produce urine. Urine is stored in the bladder and emptied during micturition.
Anatomy of Nephron
Here are the answers:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. D
Well done! You correctly answered all the questions. Let me know if you have any other questions.
structure of nephrons(bikash)
1. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood to remove waste and regulate fluid balance.
2. A nephron contains a renal corpuscle with glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, and a renal tubule including the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.
3. The nephron uses selective reabsorption and secretion to filter the blood, remove waste from the body, regulate electrolyte and acid-base balance, and control blood pressure and production of erythropoietin and renin.
Parts, structure and functions of nephron
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney, composed of a renal corpuscle and renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, which filter the blood to form urine. The renal tubule, including the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, processes and carries away the filtered fluid.
Anatomy of kidney By M.Adil
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located retroperitoneally in the abdomen on either side of the spine. Each kidney is approximately 11cm long, 6cm wide, and 3cm thick. The kidneys filter waste from the blood and regulate fluid and electrolyte balance. Internally, each kidney contains an outer cortical layer and inner medullary pyramids separated by renal columns. Blood enters via the renal artery and drains via the renal vein, while urine exits through the ureter. The kidneys are surrounded by protective layers including the renal capsule, adipose capsule, and renal fascia. Coronavirus can directly damage the kidneys by binding to ACE2 receptors found in renal cells.
URINE FORMATION
This document provides an overview of urine formation and glomerular filtration rate. It discusses the key parts of nephron involved including glomerulus, Bowman's capsule and different segments of nephron. The three main steps in urine formation are glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion. Glomerular filtration is the process by which plasma is filtered into Bowman's space to form primary urine. The rate of glomerular filtration is regulated by various factors like hydrostatic and oncotic pressures in the glomerular capillaries. Glomerular filtration rate can be measured by using clearance of substances like inulin, creatinine and urea that are freely filtered but neither re
Dialysis
This document provides an overview of dialysis, including the types (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis), process, principles, indications, and nursing care both before and after the procedure. It explains that dialysis uses a semipermeable membrane to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood of patients with kidney failure, but does not correct all kidney functions. Hemodialysis typically takes place three times a week for 2-4 hours each session using a dialyzer with hollow fibers to filter the blood, while peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneal membrane and repeated exchanges of fluid into the abdominal cavity. Complications and the nursing care required for patients undergoing either type of dialysis are also outlined.
Urine formation
Dr. K. Rama Rao
Department of Zoology
Govt, Degree College
TEKKALI; Srikakulam Dt: A.P.
Phone: 9010705687
Recommended
Renal system
The renal system consists of the kidneys and urinary bladder. The kidneys play a vital role in maintaining fluid balance and composition in the body, regulating the internal environment. The kidneys are composed of nephrons which filter blood, reabsorbing necessary substances and secreting waste products to produce urine. Urine is stored in the bladder and emptied during micturition.
Anatomy of Nephron
Here are the answers:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. D
Well done! You correctly answered all the questions. Let me know if you have any other questions.
structure of nephrons(bikash)
1. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood to remove waste and regulate fluid balance.
2. A nephron contains a renal corpuscle with glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, and a renal tubule including the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.
3. The nephron uses selective reabsorption and secretion to filter the blood, remove waste from the body, regulate electrolyte and acid-base balance, and control blood pressure and production of erythropoietin and renin.
Parts, structure and functions of nephron
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney, composed of a renal corpuscle and renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, which filter the blood to form urine. The renal tubule, including the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, processes and carries away the filtered fluid.
Anatomy of kidney By M.Adil
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located retroperitoneally in the abdomen on either side of the spine. Each kidney is approximately 11cm long, 6cm wide, and 3cm thick. The kidneys filter waste from the blood and regulate fluid and electrolyte balance. Internally, each kidney contains an outer cortical layer and inner medullary pyramids separated by renal columns. Blood enters via the renal artery and drains via the renal vein, while urine exits through the ureter. The kidneys are surrounded by protective layers including the renal capsule, adipose capsule, and renal fascia. Coronavirus can directly damage the kidneys by binding to ACE2 receptors found in renal cells.
URINE FORMATION
This document provides an overview of urine formation and glomerular filtration rate. It discusses the key parts of nephron involved including glomerulus, Bowman's capsule and different segments of nephron. The three main steps in urine formation are glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion. Glomerular filtration is the process by which plasma is filtered into Bowman's space to form primary urine. The rate of glomerular filtration is regulated by various factors like hydrostatic and oncotic pressures in the glomerular capillaries. Glomerular filtration rate can be measured by using clearance of substances like inulin, creatinine and urea that are freely filtered but neither re
Dialysis
This document provides an overview of dialysis, including the types (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis), process, principles, indications, and nursing care both before and after the procedure. It explains that dialysis uses a semipermeable membrane to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood of patients with kidney failure, but does not correct all kidney functions. Hemodialysis typically takes place three times a week for 2-4 hours each session using a dialyzer with hollow fibers to filter the blood, while peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneal membrane and repeated exchanges of fluid into the abdominal cavity. Complications and the nursing care required for patients undergoing either type of dialysis are also outlined.
Urine formation
Dr. K. Rama Rao
Department of Zoology
Govt, Degree College
TEKKALI; Srikakulam Dt: A.P.
Phone: 9010705687
Anatomy and physiology of kidney
The kidneys are located retroperitoneally on either side of the vertebral column. Each kidney receives around 20% of cardiac output through the renal artery. The kidneys filter blood to remove waste and regulate water and electrolyte balance through nephrons, the functional units of the kidney. Filtration occurs through the glomerulus, and most of the filtrate is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. Remaining fluid is concentrated in the loop of Henle and final urine composition is determined in the distal tubule and collecting duct under hormonal control. The kidneys play key roles in homeostasis by regulating fluid volume and composition, blood pressure, acid-base balance, and red blood cell production.
Dialysis ppt
Dialysis is a process used to remove waste and excess water from the blood when the kidneys fail. It works through diffusion, osmosis, and filtration across a semi-permeable membrane. There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis, which cleanses the blood directly using an artificial kidney machine, and peritoneal dialysis, which uses the peritoneal membrane in the abdomen as a filter. Both aim to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance as well as remove toxins when the kidneys are unable to do so properly. Dialysis is crucial for survival in cases of both acute and chronic kidney failure.
Kidney structure (anatomy)
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Kidney anatomy, physiology and disorders
The kidneys are essential excretory organs that filter waste from the blood to produce urine. The kidneys contain over 1 million tiny filtering units called nephrons. Blood enters nephrons via the glomerulus and is filtered, then most water and nutrients are reabsorbed. The loop of Henle and countercurrent mechanism allow concentration of urine. Hormones regulate water and electrolyte balance. The kidneys maintain acid-base balance and blood pressure while filtering wastes and drugs for excretion. Kidney disorders occur if filtration, reabsorption or other functions are disrupted.
Pulse
Pulse is the heart rate measured by counting the number of heartbeats per minute. Taking a patient's pulse rate can provide information about cardiovascular health and disease. Factors like activity level, body position, age, and medications can impact one's pulse rate. When taking a pulse, a healthcare provider will greet the patient, select an appropriate pulse point, palpate for one minute to count beats, and inform the patient and document the reading. An abnormal pulse may cause symptoms like headaches, fatigue, and dizziness.
kidney.pptx
gross Anatomy of kidney, description of external and internal structure of kidney, the relation of right and left kidney. difference between right and left kidney, and some clinical abnormalities relate to kidney,
Glands
The document defines and classifies glands. It discusses that glands are aggregations of cells that produce secretions or excretions. Glands are classified as exocrine if they release their products onto epithelial surfaces through ducts, or endocrine if they release into the bloodstream. Exocrine glands are further classified based on their duct morphology and shape of secreting portions. The document also discusses the histological structure of exocrine glands.
Kidney function
The kidney has four main functions:
1. Excretory - forms and excretes urine through glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
2. Homeostatic - regulates blood volume, pressure, pH and electrolyte concentrations
3. Endocrine - produces hormones like erythropoietin, renin, and prostaglandins
4. Metabolic - performs gluconeogenesis during starvation and metabolizes hormones
PPT on Lymphatic system
The lymphatic system works with the cardiovascular system to return fluid to the bloodstream that has escaped into tissues. Lymph is tissue fluid that is picked up by lymph capillaries from interstitial fluid and contains oxygen, proteins, glucose and white blood cells. Lymph vessels carry lymph through lymph nodes which filter the lymph before returning it to the bloodstream via the thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct. Key components of the lymphatic system include lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen and thymus which help fight infection and return fluid to circulation.
Urine formation
The kidneys produce urine through three main processes:
1) Filtration of water and dissolved substances from the blood in the glomeruli into the Bowman's capsule.
2) Reabsorption of water, nutrients like glucose, and ions like sodium out of the kidney tubules and back into the bloodstream, preventing their loss in urine.
3) Secretion of substances like hydrogen and potassium ions, ammonia, and drugs from the blood into the kidney tubules to be eliminated in urine, which helps regulate acid-base balance.
JUXTA GLOMERULAR apparatus
The document summarizes the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism. The JGA is located near the glomerulus and is formed by macula densa cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells. The primary function of the JGA is secretion of hormones like renin and prostaglandins. The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism regulates glomerular filtration rate through detection of NaCl concentration by the macula densa cells, which signals the release of adenosine to constrict or dilate the afferent arteriole accordingly.
Functions of kidney
The kidneys perform several important functions:
1) They excrete wastes and toxins from the blood in the form of urine, removing substances such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine.
2) They help regulate blood pressure, pH, ion composition, glucose levels, and fluid balance by filtering the blood and adjusting urine output.
3) The kidneys also produce hormones like erythropoietin and calcitriol that influence red blood cell production and calcium absorption.
Structure and functions of nephron assignment
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood to form urine. There are approximately 1 million nephrons per kidney, each with vascular and tubular components. The vascular component includes a glomerulus of capillaries that filters blood. The tubular component is made up of a Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Together, glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion in the nephron produce urine from the blood through complex transport processes along the nephron tubule.
STRUCTURE OF HUMAN KIDNEY
This document summarizes the structure and function of the kidney. It describes that the kidney contains approximately 1-2 million functional units called nephrons. Each nephron contains a glomerular capsule with capillaries that filters blood to form urine. The urine passes through different segments of the nephron and collecting ducts before exiting the kidney. In addition to filtering wastes, the kidneys regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance and produce hormones like erythropoietin and renin.
Structure of nephron and functions of its parts
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney that filters blood to form urine. It consists of a renal corpuscle containing the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, and renal tubules. The glomerulus filters blood to form filtrate, which passes through three segments of the tubules - the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. These tubule segments reabsorb essential substances and further concentrate the filtrate through selective reabsorption and secretion to produce urine and maintain electrolyte and pH balance.
Blood Composiotion Blood Physiology
This ppt covers composition and functions of blood in a systematic and interactive manner. I hope this PPT will be helpful for instructor's as well as students.
Urine formation
- Introduction
- Normal anatomy of kidney
- Nephron
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus
- Clearance
- tubular function
- Regulation of water and ion reabsorption
- Types of water reabsorption
- Mechanism of urine concentration and dilution
- Countercurrent mechanism
RENAL PHYSIOLOGY.ppt
Renal Physiology, Nephron, Glomerular Filtration, Formation of Urine, Concentration of Urine, Diuretics
Dialysis machine (2)
Kidney dialysis is a treatment for kidney failure that involves removing waste and excess water from the blood. There are two main types - hemodialysis which uses a dialysis machine to filter the blood outside the body, and peritoneal dialysis which uses the lining of the abdominal cavity. The dialysis machine works via diffusion and ultrafiltration across a semi-permeable membrane, allowing toxins and water to pass out of the bloodstream and be replaced by clean dialysate fluid. Researchers are developing wearable artificial kidneys to allow for more continuous dialysis treatment and improved patient mobility and quality of life.
Anatomy and physiology of the Urinary system by Dipali Harkhani
The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It describes the main components of the urinary system as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine, which travels through the ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until urination, when urine exits through the urethra. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and modifies it into urine through processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Fluids & electrolytes
1) The document discusses body fluids and electrolytes, including total body water content, intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, and the normal exchange between fluid compartments.
2) Volume deficits (dehydration) and volume excess are described, along with their causes, signs and symptoms, and assessment. Ongoing fluid losses are also discussed.
3) Sodium balance and disorders like hyponatremia and hypernatremia are covered, including definitions, causes, and approaches to determining the type and treating each condition.
4 5785198983525697480
This document provides an overview of clinical chemistry and urinalysis. It defines urine and describes the major components of the urinary system. The kidney is composed of nephrons, which filter waste from the bloodstream. Urine is regulated by filtration, reabsorption, and secretion processes in the nephron. Urinanalysis examines the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine to evaluate kidney function and detect diseases. Abnormal findings may indicate conditions like diabetes, urinary tract infections, or kidney failure.
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Anatomy and physiology of kidney
The kidneys are located retroperitoneally on either side of the vertebral column. Each kidney receives around 20% of cardiac output through the renal artery. The kidneys filter blood to remove waste and regulate water and electrolyte balance through nephrons, the functional units of the kidney. Filtration occurs through the glomerulus, and most of the filtrate is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. Remaining fluid is concentrated in the loop of Henle and final urine composition is determined in the distal tubule and collecting duct under hormonal control. The kidneys play key roles in homeostasis by regulating fluid volume and composition, blood pressure, acid-base balance, and red blood cell production.
Dialysis ppt
Dialysis is a process used to remove waste and excess water from the blood when the kidneys fail. It works through diffusion, osmosis, and filtration across a semi-permeable membrane. There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis, which cleanses the blood directly using an artificial kidney machine, and peritoneal dialysis, which uses the peritoneal membrane in the abdomen as a filter. Both aim to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance as well as remove toxins when the kidneys are unable to do so properly. Dialysis is crucial for survival in cases of both acute and chronic kidney failure.
Kidney structure (anatomy)
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Kidney anatomy, physiology and disorders
The kidneys are essential excretory organs that filter waste from the blood to produce urine. The kidneys contain over 1 million tiny filtering units called nephrons. Blood enters nephrons via the glomerulus and is filtered, then most water and nutrients are reabsorbed. The loop of Henle and countercurrent mechanism allow concentration of urine. Hormones regulate water and electrolyte balance. The kidneys maintain acid-base balance and blood pressure while filtering wastes and drugs for excretion. Kidney disorders occur if filtration, reabsorption or other functions are disrupted.
Pulse
Pulse is the heart rate measured by counting the number of heartbeats per minute. Taking a patient's pulse rate can provide information about cardiovascular health and disease. Factors like activity level, body position, age, and medications can impact one's pulse rate. When taking a pulse, a healthcare provider will greet the patient, select an appropriate pulse point, palpate for one minute to count beats, and inform the patient and document the reading. An abnormal pulse may cause symptoms like headaches, fatigue, and dizziness.
kidney.pptx
gross Anatomy of kidney, description of external and internal structure of kidney, the relation of right and left kidney. difference between right and left kidney, and some clinical abnormalities relate to kidney,
Glands
The document defines and classifies glands. It discusses that glands are aggregations of cells that produce secretions or excretions. Glands are classified as exocrine if they release their products onto epithelial surfaces through ducts, or endocrine if they release into the bloodstream. Exocrine glands are further classified based on their duct morphology and shape of secreting portions. The document also discusses the histological structure of exocrine glands.
Kidney function
The kidney has four main functions:
1. Excretory - forms and excretes urine through glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
2. Homeostatic - regulates blood volume, pressure, pH and electrolyte concentrations
3. Endocrine - produces hormones like erythropoietin, renin, and prostaglandins
4. Metabolic - performs gluconeogenesis during starvation and metabolizes hormones
PPT on Lymphatic system
The lymphatic system works with the cardiovascular system to return fluid to the bloodstream that has escaped into tissues. Lymph is tissue fluid that is picked up by lymph capillaries from interstitial fluid and contains oxygen, proteins, glucose and white blood cells. Lymph vessels carry lymph through lymph nodes which filter the lymph before returning it to the bloodstream via the thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct. Key components of the lymphatic system include lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen and thymus which help fight infection and return fluid to circulation.
Urine formation
The kidneys produce urine through three main processes:
1) Filtration of water and dissolved substances from the blood in the glomeruli into the Bowman's capsule.
2) Reabsorption of water, nutrients like glucose, and ions like sodium out of the kidney tubules and back into the bloodstream, preventing their loss in urine.
3) Secretion of substances like hydrogen and potassium ions, ammonia, and drugs from the blood into the kidney tubules to be eliminated in urine, which helps regulate acid-base balance.
JUXTA GLOMERULAR apparatus
The document summarizes the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism. The JGA is located near the glomerulus and is formed by macula densa cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells. The primary function of the JGA is secretion of hormones like renin and prostaglandins. The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism regulates glomerular filtration rate through detection of NaCl concentration by the macula densa cells, which signals the release of adenosine to constrict or dilate the afferent arteriole accordingly.
Functions of kidney
The kidneys perform several important functions:
1) They excrete wastes and toxins from the blood in the form of urine, removing substances such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine.
2) They help regulate blood pressure, pH, ion composition, glucose levels, and fluid balance by filtering the blood and adjusting urine output.
3) The kidneys also produce hormones like erythropoietin and calcitriol that influence red blood cell production and calcium absorption.
Structure and functions of nephron assignment
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood to form urine. There are approximately 1 million nephrons per kidney, each with vascular and tubular components. The vascular component includes a glomerulus of capillaries that filters blood. The tubular component is made up of a Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Together, glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion in the nephron produce urine from the blood through complex transport processes along the nephron tubule.
STRUCTURE OF HUMAN KIDNEY
This document summarizes the structure and function of the kidney. It describes that the kidney contains approximately 1-2 million functional units called nephrons. Each nephron contains a glomerular capsule with capillaries that filters blood to form urine. The urine passes through different segments of the nephron and collecting ducts before exiting the kidney. In addition to filtering wastes, the kidneys regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance and produce hormones like erythropoietin and renin.
Structure of nephron and functions of its parts
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney that filters blood to form urine. It consists of a renal corpuscle containing the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, and renal tubules. The glomerulus filters blood to form filtrate, which passes through three segments of the tubules - the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. These tubule segments reabsorb essential substances and further concentrate the filtrate through selective reabsorption and secretion to produce urine and maintain electrolyte and pH balance.
Blood Composiotion Blood Physiology
This ppt covers composition and functions of blood in a systematic and interactive manner. I hope this PPT will be helpful for instructor's as well as students.
Urine formation
- Introduction
- Normal anatomy of kidney
- Nephron
- Juxtaglomerular apparatus
- Clearance
- tubular function
- Regulation of water and ion reabsorption
- Types of water reabsorption
- Mechanism of urine concentration and dilution
- Countercurrent mechanism
RENAL PHYSIOLOGY.ppt
Renal Physiology, Nephron, Glomerular Filtration, Formation of Urine, Concentration of Urine, Diuretics
Dialysis machine (2)
Kidney dialysis is a treatment for kidney failure that involves removing waste and excess water from the blood. There are two main types - hemodialysis which uses a dialysis machine to filter the blood outside the body, and peritoneal dialysis which uses the lining of the abdominal cavity. The dialysis machine works via diffusion and ultrafiltration across a semi-permeable membrane, allowing toxins and water to pass out of the bloodstream and be replaced by clean dialysate fluid. Researchers are developing wearable artificial kidneys to allow for more continuous dialysis treatment and improved patient mobility and quality of life.
Anatomy and physiology of the Urinary system by Dipali Harkhani
The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It describes the main components of the urinary system as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine, which travels through the ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until urination, when urine exits through the urethra. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and modifies it into urine through processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
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Anatomy and physiology of the Urinary system by Dipali Harkhani
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2) Volume deficits (dehydration) and volume excess are described, along with their causes, signs and symptoms, and assessment. Ongoing fluid losses are also discussed.
3) Sodium balance and disorders like hyponatremia and hypernatremia are covered, including definitions, causes, and approaches to determining the type and treating each condition.
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kidneys ppt
- 1. -PRESENTED BY PUNEET GUPTA
- 2. FUNCTIONS OF KIDNEY- Fluid balance. Removal of waste products from the blood. Maintaining normal blood pressure by balancing electrolyte such as Na & K. Regulating bone mineralization. Production of RBC’s.
- 3. FILTERATION MEMBRANE- Nephrons The functional unit of the kidney is the nephrons. Each kidney consist of thousands of nephrons. Nephrons contains a filtration membrane which removes excess body water and waste products.
- 4. HOW DOES KIDNEY FAIL? When the kidney not able to clean waste product from the blood. Production of hormones go abnormal resulting in anaemia. The capacity of kidney also decline with the age. FAILURE ARE OF TWO TYPES: Acute Kidney failure -patient treated with dialysis for certain period until their kidney recovers. ESRD – loss of kidney function is permanent.
- 5. SYMPTOMS OF KIDNEY FAILURE NAUSEA AND VOMMITING LOSS OF APPETITE ITCHINESS HIGH B.P TIREDNESS SWOLLEN ANKLES BAD TASTE IN THE MOUTH
- 6. COMMON CAUSES FOR KIDNEY FAILURE- DIABETES MELLITUS HYPERTENSION GLOMERULONEPHRITIS VASCULAR DISEASE POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE
- 7. WHAT HAPPEN IF KIDNEY FAILURE OCCURS? End Stage Renal Disease These are the successful treatment which can be done:- PERITONEAL DIALYSIS HAEMODIALYIS TRANSPLANTATION These treatments can help you to stay healthy and continue your daily activities.
- 8. HOW DOES DIALYSIS WORK? 1. DIFFUSION: MOVEMENT OF SOLUTES FROM HIGHER CONC. TO LOWER UNTIL THE EQUILIBRIUM STAGE MAINLY SMALL MOLECULES ARE REMOVED BY DIALYSIS. BOTH PD AND HAEMODIALYSIS BASED ON THIS.
- 9. 2.OSMOSIS: -Movement of solute from low conc. to higher until equilibrium is achieved. -Solute- osmotic agenet normally glucose. 3.ULTRAFILTRATION: -Done by using dialysis fluid with an increased conc. Of glucose or sugar. -higher the glucose content the more excess fluid will b removed. 4.CONVECTION: - Concomitant of ultrafiltration - In this the fluid drags the solute with it.
- 10. TREATMENTS
- 14. P.D CARRIED OUT IN TWO WAYS Manually(CAPD) Automatically(APD) Three steps for manual treatment: - INFLOW(fresh pd fluid) CYCLER - DWELL(dialysis takes place) - OUTFLOW (Effluent)
- 15. PRECAUTIONS: STERILE-(equipment free of micro-organism) CLEAN-(hand wash for 60 secs) Do not perform bag exchange where there is lot of movement. Pets should not be in the room. Avoid distraction. Proper medication. Visit regularly to the dialysis centre.
- 16. SUGGESTIONS Hydrate yourself. Avoid unnecessary medication. Avoid overloading of a kidney with protein(only 2 ounces) Keep cholesterol in good level. Keep blood pressure in good control.
- 17. The kidney plays a vital role in sustaining life.