The human body and reproduction
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The document discusses the stages of human development from infancy to old age. It describes the male and female reproductive systems and their primary and secondary sex characteristics. It explains that fertilization occurs when a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell to form a zygote. Finally, it provides an overview of pregnancy, describing the three trimesters and birth process.
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Human reproduction involves the combining of male and female sex cells through sexual reproduction. During puberty, between ages 11-15, individuals develop primary and secondary sex characteristics that allow for reproduction. The female reproductive system includes the ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina, and vulva. The male reproductive system includes the testicles, vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, and prostate. Fertilization occurs when sperm meets an egg in the fallopian tubes. A fertilized egg implants in the uterus and develops over 9 months into a baby, receiving nutrients from the placenta via the umbilical cord. Birth occurs in three stages of dilation, expulsion, and afterbirth
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Fetus Development
Over the course of the nine month pregnancy, the fetus develops through three trimesters. In the first trimester, the zygote implants in the uterus and rapidly divides, with major organs beginning to form by week 5. The fetus' limbs, fingers and toes develop, and it begins to move independently by the end of the trimester. In the second trimester, the fetus grows significantly as its organs continue to mature and develop. By week 20 the mother may feel movements, and sex can be determined. The third trimester sees further growth and neurological development, with the fetus considered full term by week 37 and able to survive outside the womb by week 34.
Fetus development
During the first trimester, the embryo's skin, nervous system and other organs begin to form. A fluid-filled sac protects the embryo, and the placenta and yolk sac develop to nourish it. By the end of the first trimester, the fetus has all its organs and can move its body. In the second trimester, the fetus grows substantially in length and weight, and its heartbeat and face become detectable. By the third trimester, the fetus' bones are fully formed, it stores its own nutrients, positions head-down in the uterus, and continues gaining weight until birth.
Fetal development
The document summarizes fetal development from conception through birth in 4 week intervals. At conception, a fertilized egg implants in the uterus and begins dividing rapidly. By 4 weeks, structures of the face and neck are forming and organs like the heart, lungs and liver begin developing. The fetus' size, features and movements continue developing through each stage until by 36 weeks it is nearly ready for birth, with most organs fully formed. Birth occurs around 40 weeks of pregnancy.
Fetal Development!
The document outlines the development of a baby from week 1 through month 9 of pregnancy. In week 1, embryo division begins and the embryo reaches the uterus by day 3. By week 2, the embryo secretes HCG and forms three layers and extraembryonic membranes. Between weeks 3-5, the nervous system appears and organs like the heart, eyes, ears, and limbs start developing. By weeks 6-8, the embryo is recognizably human, and between months 3-4 features like hair, nails, and sex can be determined. From months 5-7, the mother can feel movement and the fetus grows fine hair and protective vernix. In the final months, the fetus further refines its development
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Fetus Development
Over the course of the nine month pregnancy, the fetus develops through three trimesters. In the first trimester, the zygote implants in the uterus and rapidly divides, with major organs beginning to form by week 5. The fetus' limbs, fingers and toes develop, and it begins to move independently by the end of the trimester. In the second trimester, the fetus grows significantly as its organs continue to mature and develop. By week 20 the mother may feel movements, and sex can be determined. The third trimester sees further growth and neurological development, with the fetus considered full term by week 37 and able to survive outside the womb by week 34.
Fetus development
During the first trimester, the embryo's skin, nervous system and other organs begin to form. A fluid-filled sac protects the embryo, and the placenta and yolk sac develop to nourish it. By the end of the first trimester, the fetus has all its organs and can move its body. In the second trimester, the fetus grows substantially in length and weight, and its heartbeat and face become detectable. By the third trimester, the fetus' bones are fully formed, it stores its own nutrients, positions head-down in the uterus, and continues gaining weight until birth.
Fetal development
The document summarizes fetal development from conception through birth in 4 week intervals. At conception, a fertilized egg implants in the uterus and begins dividing rapidly. By 4 weeks, structures of the face and neck are forming and organs like the heart, lungs and liver begin developing. The fetus' size, features and movements continue developing through each stage until by 36 weeks it is nearly ready for birth, with most organs fully formed. Birth occurs around 40 weeks of pregnancy.
Fetal Development!
The document outlines the development of a baby from week 1 through month 9 of pregnancy. In week 1, embryo division begins and the embryo reaches the uterus by day 3. By week 2, the embryo secretes HCG and forms three layers and extraembryonic membranes. Between weeks 3-5, the nervous system appears and organs like the heart, eyes, ears, and limbs start developing. By weeks 6-8, the embryo is recognizably human, and between months 3-4 features like hair, nails, and sex can be determined. From months 5-7, the mother can feel movement and the fetus grows fine hair and protective vernix. In the final months, the fetus further refines its development
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The document summarizes fetal development from the first through third trimesters of pregnancy in 3-4 week increments. In the first trimester, the embryo grows rapidly, forms major organs, and develops a placenta and circulatory system. By 8 weeks, the baby's sex and organ systems are developing. In the second trimester, the fetus' skeleton, hair, ears, eyes, and other features form and mature. Fat begins to form in weeks 17-19. In the third trimester, the baby practices breathing, regulates its body temperature, and is fully capable of opening its eyes and detecting light by weeks 30-33.
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The document discusses fetal development from 6 weeks to 38 weeks of pregnancy. It describes the key physical changes that occur in the embryo and fetus each week. During the first trimester (6-12 weeks), major organs begin to form and external features develop. In the second trimester (13-28 weeks), the fetus grows rapidly and all systems continue to mature. By the third trimester (29-38 weeks), the fetus prepares for birth by gaining weight and fat and increasing lung and brain development.
The development of the fetus
The document outlines the development of a fetus over the three trimesters of pregnancy. In the first trimester, the fetus grows from the size of a fist to a grapefruit. During the second trimester, the fetus' ears form and the mother can feel movements between 18-22 weeks. In the third trimester, the fetus' bones are developed, its eyes are open, and it can control its body temperature.
Fetal development
The document summarizes prenatal baby development from conception through the three stages of a zygote, embryo, and fetus. It describes the major developmental milestones that occur each month as the fertilized egg goes from a single cell to a fully developed baby, including the formation of organs and limbs, growth in size, and increasing ability to hear, see, and move. The summary highlights that prenatal development takes place over 9 months and involves cell division, organ formation, attachment to the uterus, and growth until birth.
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Menstruation and ovulation
The menstrual cycle occurs roughly every 28 days after puberty, when an ovum is released from the ovaries and travels to the uterus, where it may be fertilized by a sperm if encountered. If fertilization does not occur, the ovum and some blood and tissue are shed from the uterus in a process called menstruation. Genes from both the mother's ovum and father's sperm combine at fertilization to determine the characteristics inherited from each parent.
How babies are born
The process of human reproduction begins with a male sperm cell fertilizing a female egg cell. The fertilized egg travels to the uterus and begins dividing, first forming a zygote, then an embryo. Around 8 weeks, the embryo develops into a foetus, which grows inside the uterus protected by the amniotic sac and receiving nutrients through the umbilical cord. After 9 months of development, birth occurs.
Male and female reproductive systems
Primary sexual characteristics refer to the reproductive organs that distinguish males and females, such as ovaries and testicles that produce eggs and sperm respectively. Secondary sexual characteristics are other physical differences like wider hips in women and more body hair in men. The reproductive systems of both males and females are described, including organs like the uterus that supports pregnancy in females and the structures like the vas deferens that transport sperm in males.
How A Baby Grows In The Mothers Womb
An embryo is developing in its mother's womb. It is in the early stages of development and is nourished first by the yolk sac and later by the umbilical cord. As it grows over weeks and months, limbs and facial features form and it begins moving on its own, though the mother cannot feel it. Modern imaging techniques allow viewing the developing baby's features and expressions. By 24 weeks, the lungs are almost fully formed and the baby could potentially survive if born, and it is developing awareness of its surroundings in the womb. After 9 months of development from a single cell, the baby is ready to be born.
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The document describes human development from embryo to newborn. It discusses the major physical changes that occur each month in the three trimesters of pregnancy. In the first trimester, the embryo develops organs and distinct fingers and toes. In the second trimester, the skeleton hardens and eyes develop. In the third trimester, the baby gains weight and length in preparation for birth. The document also briefly compares human development to that of other animals, noting early cell division and formation of embryonic layers are common initial steps.
The reproductive system
The female reproductive system produces eggs and secretes hormones to support pregnancy. It includes ovaries that release eggs, fallopian tubes that catch eggs and transport them to the uterus. The uterus provides a place for fertilization and gestation. If fertilization occurs, the fertilized egg implants in the uterus and develops into an embryo and later fetus, receiving nourishment from the mother via the placenta. Labor contractions help expel the fetus through the birth canal at the end of gestation.
Trabajo reproducción lucia y yael
The document summarizes human reproduction and development. It discusses sexual reproduction, primary and secondary sexual characteristics, reproductive cells, and the male and female reproductive systems. It also describes fertilization, pregnancy, and the three phases of labor and birth. Key points include that humans reproduce sexually, puberty brings physical changes like growth of breasts or facial hair, and pregnancy lasts about 9 months before birth.
Conception to birth
Fertilization occurs when a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell, containing 23 chromosomes each to form a fertilized egg with 46 chromosomes. The average pregnancy lasts 38 weeks from conception. Within a few days, the fertilized egg begins cell division as it travels to the uterus where it implants by about 10 days after conception. The fetus continues to rapidly grow and develop organs over the next several weeks, with all major organs formed by 24 weeks.
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The document discusses human reproduction. It describes the primary and secondary sex characteristics that develop during puberty to distinguish males and females. It explains that sperm and ova are the reproductive cells, and describes the basic structures of the male and female reproductive systems. Fertilization occurs when an ovum and sperm join to form a zygote. Pregnancy lasts about 9 months, during which an embryo develops protected structures like the placenta and umbilical cord, before birth.
Fetal Development
1. A single sperm fertilizes an egg to form a zygote, which divides and travels down the fallopian tube as a ball of cells called a blastocyst. The blastocyst implants in the uterine wall around 6 days after fertilization.
2. Around the second week, the cells begin to differentiate and form three layers that will become the embryo's tissues and organs.
3. By the third week, the neural plate forms and tiny blood vessels and heart structures start to develop.
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Human reproduction by Maria
Human reproduction involves the joining of male and female sex cells. During puberty, individuals develop primary and secondary sex characteristics that differentiate males and females for reproduction. The female reproductive system includes ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina, and vulva. The male system includes testes, vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, and prostate. Fertilization occurs when sperm joins an ovum in the fallopian tubes. The fertilized egg implants in the uterus and develops over nine months into a fetus with a placenta and umbilical cord, until birth through labor in three stages of dilation, expulsion, and afterbirth.
Sexual characteristics
Puberty is when the reproductive system matures, triggered by hormones from the pituitary gland, and results in secondary sexual characteristics developing between ages 11-15 such as lower voices and more muscle mass in boys and higher voices, breasts, and wider hips in girls. During puberty, one egg matures and is released each month through the Fallopian tubes, and if not fertilized by sperm, it leaves the body through the vagina along with some bleeding, known as menstruation or a period. The development of sexual organs both internally like ovaries and testes and externally like penises and vulvas enable human reproduction.
1 Basic medical facts about pregnancy.ppt
This document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems and the process of human reproduction from conception through birth. It describes the internal and external organs involved in reproduction for both sexes. It then explains fertilization, implantation, fetal development through each trimester, and concludes with a brief overview of the birth process and a newborn baby. Key stages covered include ovulation, formation of the umbilical cord and placenta, fetal movement and development of organs, and the three stages of labor.
Basic medical facts about pregnancy.ppt
The document summarizes the development of human reproductive organs and the process of reproduction from conception through fetal development and birth. It describes the male and female external and internal reproductive organs. It explains fertilization, implantation, formation of the placenta and umbilical cord, and the development of the embryo and fetus over time, including the appearance of limbs and organs.
Unit 2 . Human reproduction.
The document provides an overview of human reproduction including sexual characteristics, the reproductive systems of males and females, and the processes of reproduction. It describes puberty and the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics. It then details the key parts of the male and female reproductive systems such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, testes, and penis. The document concludes by explaining the processes of gamete production, fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth.
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The document discusses fetal development from 6 weeks to 38 weeks of pregnancy. It describes the key physical changes that occur in the embryo and fetus each week. During the first trimester (6-12 weeks), major organs begin to form and external features develop. In the second trimester (13-28 weeks), the fetus grows rapidly and all systems continue to mature. By the third trimester (29-38 weeks), the fetus prepares for birth by gaining weight and fat and increasing lung and brain development.
The development of the fetus
The document outlines the development of a fetus over the three trimesters of pregnancy. In the first trimester, the fetus grows from the size of a fist to a grapefruit. During the second trimester, the fetus' ears form and the mother can feel movements between 18-22 weeks. In the third trimester, the fetus' bones are developed, its eyes are open, and it can control its body temperature.
Fetal development
The document summarizes prenatal baby development from conception through the three stages of a zygote, embryo, and fetus. It describes the major developmental milestones that occur each month as the fertilized egg goes from a single cell to a fully developed baby, including the formation of organs and limbs, growth in size, and increasing ability to hear, see, and move. The summary highlights that prenatal development takes place over 9 months and involves cell division, organ formation, attachment to the uterus, and growth until birth.
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Hope you like my project
For
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Menstruation and ovulation
The menstrual cycle occurs roughly every 28 days after puberty, when an ovum is released from the ovaries and travels to the uterus, where it may be fertilized by a sperm if encountered. If fertilization does not occur, the ovum and some blood and tissue are shed from the uterus in a process called menstruation. Genes from both the mother's ovum and father's sperm combine at fertilization to determine the characteristics inherited from each parent.
How babies are born
The process of human reproduction begins with a male sperm cell fertilizing a female egg cell. The fertilized egg travels to the uterus and begins dividing, first forming a zygote, then an embryo. Around 8 weeks, the embryo develops into a foetus, which grows inside the uterus protected by the amniotic sac and receiving nutrients through the umbilical cord. After 9 months of development, birth occurs.
Male and female reproductive systems
Primary sexual characteristics refer to the reproductive organs that distinguish males and females, such as ovaries and testicles that produce eggs and sperm respectively. Secondary sexual characteristics are other physical differences like wider hips in women and more body hair in men. The reproductive systems of both males and females are described, including organs like the uterus that supports pregnancy in females and the structures like the vas deferens that transport sperm in males.
How A Baby Grows In The Mothers Womb
An embryo is developing in its mother's womb. It is in the early stages of development and is nourished first by the yolk sac and later by the umbilical cord. As it grows over weeks and months, limbs and facial features form and it begins moving on its own, though the mother cannot feel it. Modern imaging techniques allow viewing the developing baby's features and expressions. By 24 weeks, the lungs are almost fully formed and the baby could potentially survive if born, and it is developing awareness of its surroundings in the womb. After 9 months of development from a single cell, the baby is ready to be born.
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The document describes human development from embryo to newborn. It discusses the major physical changes that occur each month in the three trimesters of pregnancy. In the first trimester, the embryo develops organs and distinct fingers and toes. In the second trimester, the skeleton hardens and eyes develop. In the third trimester, the baby gains weight and length in preparation for birth. The document also briefly compares human development to that of other animals, noting early cell division and formation of embryonic layers are common initial steps.
The reproductive system
The female reproductive system produces eggs and secretes hormones to support pregnancy. It includes ovaries that release eggs, fallopian tubes that catch eggs and transport them to the uterus. The uterus provides a place for fertilization and gestation. If fertilization occurs, the fertilized egg implants in the uterus and develops into an embryo and later fetus, receiving nourishment from the mother via the placenta. Labor contractions help expel the fetus through the birth canal at the end of gestation.
Trabajo reproducción lucia y yael
The document summarizes human reproduction and development. It discusses sexual reproduction, primary and secondary sexual characteristics, reproductive cells, and the male and female reproductive systems. It also describes fertilization, pregnancy, and the three phases of labor and birth. Key points include that humans reproduce sexually, puberty brings physical changes like growth of breasts or facial hair, and pregnancy lasts about 9 months before birth.
Conception to birth
Fertilization occurs when a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell, containing 23 chromosomes each to form a fertilized egg with 46 chromosomes. The average pregnancy lasts 38 weeks from conception. Within a few days, the fertilized egg begins cell division as it travels to the uterus where it implants by about 10 days after conception. The fetus continues to rapidly grow and develop organs over the next several weeks, with all major organs formed by 24 weeks.
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The document summarizes the primary and secondary sexual characteristics of males and females. It describes the development and function of reproductive cells and systems in both sexes. Key stages of human reproduction are explained, including fertilization, pregnancy, birth, and the three phases of labor.
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The document discusses human reproduction. It describes the primary and secondary sex characteristics that develop during puberty to distinguish males and females. It explains that sperm and ova are the reproductive cells, and describes the basic structures of the male and female reproductive systems. Fertilization occurs when an ovum and sperm join to form a zygote. Pregnancy lasts about 9 months, during which an embryo develops protected structures like the placenta and umbilical cord, before birth.
Fetal Development
1. A single sperm fertilizes an egg to form a zygote, which divides and travels down the fallopian tube as a ball of cells called a blastocyst. The blastocyst implants in the uterine wall around 6 days after fertilization.
2. Around the second week, the cells begin to differentiate and form three layers that will become the embryo's tissues and organs.
3. By the third week, the neural plate forms and tiny blood vessels and heart structures start to develop.
Human reproduction by Alfredo
The document summarizes the process of human reproduction in three sections. It describes reproduction and the primary and secondary sex characteristics that differentiate males and females. It then explains the male and female reproductive systems and the process of fertilization. Finally, it outlines the stages of pregnancy from implantation to birth, noting development of the embryo and the three phases of labor.
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Human reproduction by Maria
Human reproduction involves the joining of male and female sex cells. During puberty, individuals develop primary and secondary sex characteristics that differentiate males and females for reproduction. The female reproductive system includes ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina, and vulva. The male system includes testes, vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, and prostate. Fertilization occurs when sperm joins an ovum in the fallopian tubes. The fertilized egg implants in the uterus and develops over nine months into a fetus with a placenta and umbilical cord, until birth through labor in three stages of dilation, expulsion, and afterbirth.
Sexual characteristics
Puberty is when the reproductive system matures, triggered by hormones from the pituitary gland, and results in secondary sexual characteristics developing between ages 11-15 such as lower voices and more muscle mass in boys and higher voices, breasts, and wider hips in girls. During puberty, one egg matures and is released each month through the Fallopian tubes, and if not fertilized by sperm, it leaves the body through the vagina along with some bleeding, known as menstruation or a period. The development of sexual organs both internally like ovaries and testes and externally like penises and vulvas enable human reproduction.
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This document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems and the process of human reproduction from conception through birth. It describes the internal and external organs involved in reproduction for both sexes. It then explains fertilization, implantation, fetal development through each trimester, and concludes with a brief overview of the birth process and a newborn baby. Key stages covered include ovulation, formation of the umbilical cord and placenta, fetal movement and development of organs, and the three stages of labor.
Basic medical facts about pregnancy.ppt
The document summarizes the development of human reproductive organs and the process of reproduction from conception through fetal development and birth. It describes the male and female external and internal reproductive organs. It explains fertilization, implantation, formation of the placenta and umbilical cord, and the development of the embryo and fetus over time, including the appearance of limbs and organs.
Unit 2 . Human reproduction.
The document provides an overview of human reproduction including sexual characteristics, the reproductive systems of males and females, and the processes of reproduction. It describes puberty and the development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics. It then details the key parts of the male and female reproductive systems such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, testes, and penis. The document concludes by explaining the processes of gamete production, fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth.
Human reproduction
Human reproduction occurs through sexual reproduction bringing male and female together. Primary sexual characteristics are present at birth and differ between males and females. During puberty, secondary sexual characteristics develop like breasts or facial hair. Reproductive cells called sperm and ova carry out reproduction. The male reproductive system includes testes, penis and other organs. The female system includes ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes and other organs. Fertilization happens when a sperm and ovum join to form a zygote. Pregnancy lasts 9 months as the embryo develops protective structures and into a fetus and baby over time. Birth occurs in three stages of dilation, expulsion, and delivery of the afterbirth.
Human reproduction
Human reproduction involves the combination of male and female reproductive cells or gametes. During puberty, physical changes like growth of body hair and changes in body shape prepare the bodies of boys and girls for reproduction. The male reproductive system produces millions of sperm cells daily in the testes, while the female system releases a mature egg once a month from the ovaries. Fertilization occurs when sperm fertilizes an egg, initiating pregnancy, which lasts about nine months until birth.
Unit 3. REPRODUCTION
Human beings reproduce sexually, requiring both a male and female. The document outlines the process of human reproduction from fertilization through birth. It describes how sperm and eggs are produced, how they unite during sexual intercourse to form a zygote, and the development stages of the embryo and fetus as it grows over nine months in the uterus until birth. The male and female reproductive systems and changes during puberty are also explained.
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Human reproduction occurs through sexual reproduction which involves both male and female sex cells. At puberty, individuals develop primary and secondary sexual characteristics that differentiate males and females. Sperm and ova are the reproductive cells in males and females respectively. The male reproductive system includes testes, penis and other organs that produce and transport sperm. The female system includes ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes and other organs involved in producing and housing an embryo. Fertilization happens when a sperm joins an ovum, forming a zygote that implants in the uterus. Pregnancy lasts 9 months as the embryo develops protected structures until birth.
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The primary sexual characteristics are the reproductive systems that differentiate males and females at birth. Secondary sexual characteristics, such as breasts and facial hair, develop during puberty. The female reproductive system includes the ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, and vagina. The male system contains the testicles, vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, and penis. Fertilization occurs when an egg and sperm join in the fallopian tubes to form a zygote, which implants in the uterus and develops into an embryo over 9 months of pregnancy.
The Human Body and Reprodution
The document describes the five stages of human life: infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. It then provides more details about the male and female reproductive systems, sperm and eggs, the process of fertilization and pregnancy. The stages of pregnancy are outlined, from fertilization through embryo development and growth of the fetus in the uterus over nine months until birth.
Unit 3. REPRODUCTION
Human beings reproduce sexually. The male reproductive cells are sperm and the female cells are eggs or ova. When a sperm fertilizes an egg, they join to form a zygote which goes through development stages of embryo and fetus in the uterus. Pregnancy lasts around 9 months until childbirth, where the baby passes through the birth canal. The placenta provides nutrients to the developing fetus through the umbilical cord until birth.
Human reproduction
The document summarizes human reproduction and development. It explains that reproduction occurs through sexual reproduction which brings together male and female sex cells. During puberty, the reproductive systems mature and secondary sex characteristics develop like breasts or facial hair. The male reproductive system includes testes that produce sperm and the female system includes ovaries that produce eggs. Fertilization occurs when an egg and sperm join to form a zygote. Pregnancy lasts around 9 months as the embryo develops into a fetus and baby. Childbirth occurs in three stages of dilation, expulsion, and delivery of the afterbirth.
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Human reproduction.
The document summarizes the key aspects of human reproduction. It describes puberty and the changes that occur during adolescence for both males and females. It then details the male and female reproductive systems and their functions. It explains the production of reproductive cells and the menstrual cycle. Finally, it outlines the processes of fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth.
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The document outlines five stages of human life: infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. It then provides details on the male and female reproductive systems, the processes of fertilization and pregnancy, and birth. Key points include that the testicles and ovaries produce sperm and eggs, fertilization occurs when a sperm reaches an egg in the fallopian tubes, pregnancy lasts around nine months as the embryo grows into a fetus in the uterus, and birth involves three stages of labor ending with the delivery of the baby and placenta.
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Sexual reproduction allows human beings to have children. During puberty, males and females develop primary and secondary sex characteristics that distinguish their reproductive organs and bodies. Females produce eggs in their ovaries monthly while males continuously produce sperm in their testicles. Fertilization occurs when sperm fertilizes an egg during sexual intercourse, forming a zygote that develops into an embryo and fetus over nine months of pregnancy, ending with childbirth.
The human body and reproduction
This document describes the human reproductive system and process of reproduction from puberty through birth. It explains that during adolescence, boys and girls undergo puberty where their reproductive organs mature. It then outlines the male and female reproductive systems and their function. It details the process of fertilization where sperm and egg unite, and describes pregnancy in three trimesters. Finally, it summarizes the three stages of birth: dilation, expulsion, and delivery of the placenta.
The Human Body and Reprodution
The document outlines the five stages of human life: infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. It then describes the reproductive systems of males and females and the process of fertilization, embryo development, and birth. Key details include that adolescence is when the reproductive systems mature, fertilization occurs when a sperm reaches an egg in the fallopian tubes, and birth happens in three stages as the baby is delivered through the birth canal.
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Interaction
This document provides information about the nervous system and locomotor system. It discusses the main organs of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It describes how the nervous system allows for interaction with the environment through the five senses of touch, hearing, sight, taste, and smell. The document also explains that the locomotor system consists of the skeletal and muscular systems which provide structure, protection, and enable movement.
Machines, electricity and inventions
This document discusses simple and complex machines, electricity, and important inventions. It begins by defining simple machines like levers, pulleys, wheels, and inclined planes. A complex machine is made of two or more simple machines, like a computer. The document then explains how computers work by taking in input, storing memory, processing data, and outputting information. It also discusses how computers connect to the internet and how we can create documents. The document goes on to define electricity, static electricity, electric current, electric circuits, and how electricity is generated and distributed. It concludes by briefly describing important inventions like the light bulb, television, telephone, and steam engine along with the inventors behind each.
Machines, electricity and inventions
This document discusses simple and complex machines, electricity, and important inventions. It begins by defining simple machines like levers, pulleys, wheels, and inclined planes. A complex machine is made of two or more simple machines, like a computer. The document then explains how computers work by taking in input, storing memory, processing data, and outputting information. It also discusses how computers connect to the internet and how they are used to create documents. Next, the document defines electricity, charged objects, static electricity, and electric current. It explains electric circuits and how electricity is generated and distributed. Finally, it briefly profiles some important inventions like the light bulb, television, telephone, and steam engine.
Unit 6. politics
Spain is a democratic country based on its 1978 constitution. It has a separation of powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The legislative branch includes the Congress and Senate, which make laws. The executive branch is the national government including the prime minister and ministers. The judicial branch interprets laws through courts and tribunals. Spain is also divided into 17 autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities, each with their own regional government. The European Union aims to promote peace, security, and economic integration between countries through institutions like the European Parliament, Council, and Commission.
Unit 6.Money and business
People can spend, save, and invest money in different ways. They can spend money using cash, credit cards, or debit cards. They can save money in savings accounts, money boxes, shares, or bonds. People also invest money by buying shares in companies or bonds from governments and companies. A budget helps people and businesses plan how to allocate their money for expenses.
Unit 6.Money and business
People can spend money using cash, credit cards, or debit cards. Cash involves coins and banknotes, credit cards allow borrowing from banks with interest, and debit cards directly withdraw from bank accounts. People also save money through saving accounts that earn interest, money boxes, shares in businesses, and bonds that provide interest from governments or companies. Money can be spent on consumer products that are high-order and infrequently purchased like cars or low-order essentials like food, as well as services like utilities, restaurants, and entertainment. People develop budgets to plan spending on necessities and costs for households or businesses.
Unit 4. human body
The human body is made of cells that work together to form tissues, which work together to form organs, which form systems. The major systems include the digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, muscular, skeletal, nervous, endocrine, locomotor, and reproductive systems. These systems work together to carry out the life processes of nutrition, interaction, and reproduction. A balanced diet including carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables, dairy, meat and alternatives, and fats is important for health. Illnesses can be caused by genetic disorders, unhealthy habits, viruses, bacteria, and other internal or external sources.
Reproduction
This document summarizes the human reproductive system and process. It describes that males and females have different sex characteristics and reproductive cells. The female reproductive system includes ovaries that release eggs and the uterus where a fertilized egg implants and develops. The male reproductive system includes testes that produce sperm and organs that contribute to semen. Fertilization occurs when sperm joins an egg in the fallopian tubes, forming an embryo that develops into a fetus in the uterus over 9 months of pregnancy. Modern medical advances help with fertility and monitoring pregnancy.
The Earth
The universe contains millions of galaxies which are composed of dust, gas and stars. The Big Bang theory suggests the universe began 14 billion years ago. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is spiral-shaped and contains the Solar System including eight planets that orbit the Sun. The Earth revolves around the Sun while rotating on its axis, producing day/night and the seasons. The Moon also revolves around the Earth over 28 days, displaying different phases as it is illuminated by the Sun throughout its revolution.
Contemporary spain20th century
After the death of King Alfonso XII, Spain experienced political instability and conflict in the early 20th century. This led to a military dictatorship under Primo de Rivera from 1923-1930. The Second Republic then began in 1931, establishing democracy, secularism, and autonomy. However, these reforms divided Spain and led to civil war from 1936-1939, resulting in a nationalist victory under Francisco Franco, who ruled as a dictator until his death in 1975.
Nutrition
This document discusses the four main body systems involved in nutrition: the digestive system, which breaks down food; the respiratory system, which provides oxygen; the circulatory system, which transports nutrients and oxygen; and the excretory system, which removes waste. It describes the key functions and components of each system, including how the digestive system breaks food down into nutrients, and how the circulatory system uses the heart and blood vessels to circulate oxygenated blood throughout the body.
Unit 3 ecosystems
This document defines key terms and concepts related to ecosystems. It describes ecosystems as consisting of a biotope (non-living components) and biocoenosis (living components). Within ecosystems, organisms can be classified by their populations, communities, trophic relationships, and habitats. The document also categorizes different types of ecosystems as natural or artificial, and terrestrial or aquatic, providing examples. It defines related terms like biosphere, biome, and discusses natural and human-caused changes to ecosystems.
Early modern spain
1. Fernando and Isabel united their kingdoms through marriage, creating a powerful Spain. They established the Spanish Inquisition and expelled Jews in 1492.
2. Explorers like Columbus and Magellan expanded Spain's empire, leading to the conquest of the Aztecs and Incas. This introduced new goods, diseases, and slavery to the Americas.
3. The Hapsburg and Bourbon dynasties ruled Spain over subsequent centuries. The Bourbons centralized power and modernized Spain under the influence of the Enlightenment.
Unit 2. spain in the middle ages
1) During the Middle Ages, Spain was divided between Christian kingdoms in the north and a Muslim state called Al-Andalus in the south.
2) In 711, Muslim forces conquered the Visigothic Christian kingdom and established Al-Andalus, reaching as far as central France. Al-Andalus experienced a golden age of culture and learning under Islamic rule.
3) As Muslim rule expanded, many Christians fled north and established small kingdoms like Asturias, beginning the centuries-long Reconquista to retake Al-Andalus in the name of Christianity.
Unit 4&5. economy (1)
The document summarizes the three sectors of the economy:
- The primary sector involves extracting raw materials through activities like agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining.
- The secondary sector processes and manufactures raw materials into finished products through industries. It produces intermediate products used by other industries and consumer products sold directly to consumers.
- The tertiary sector is the service sector and includes areas like health, education, transportation, tourism and more that sell products and provide services to consumers.
Unit 2. the classification of living things
1. The document classifies living things into five kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.
2. Within each kingdom, organisms are described and compared based on their shape, nutrition, reproduction, and movement.
3. The Animals kingdom is further divided into invertebrates like molluscs, cnidarians, poriferans, echinoderms, arthropods, and annelids. Vertebrates include mammals, reptiles, fish, birds, and amphibians which are also characterized by their physical traits and life processes.
We are europeans
The document lists the 28 member countries of the European Union and provides an overview of the EU, including its institutions and history. It discusses the EU as an economic, political, and social association of European nations and that it has established institutions and symbols to represent its union as well as goals to work towards.
We are citizens
The Spanish Constitution defines how Spain is organized and outlines the rights of Spanish citizens. It was approved on December 6, 1978 and established Spain as a parliamentary monarchy where the monarch serves as the head of state but powers are held by elected representatives in parliament.
Matter and materials
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It has general properties including mass, which is measured in kilograms and grams, and volume, which is measured in liters and milliliters. Matter can also have special properties such as hardness, brittleness, elasticity, and density, which is the ratio of an object's mass to its volume. Forces can move, change the shape of, or break matter. Materials are the substances used to make objects and have properties like thermal conductivity, transparency, and impermeability.
The 20 th century
The document summarizes key events in European history from World War I through the Cold War era. It describes the two sides in World Wars I and II, how the US and USSR emerged as superpowers after WWII and the tensions of the Cold War without direct military conflict. It also provides an overview of the political developments in Spain from the early 20th century through the dictatorship of Franco and transition to democracy.
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The human body and reproduction
- 1. UNIT 3
- 2. 1. STAGES OF LIFE We pass through five stages in our live: Infancy Childhood Adolescence Adulthood Old Age The babies learn to do the most basic things. Children become autonomous. The reproductive system becomes mature. Boys and girls are ready to reproduce. VIDEO: Stages of life
- 3. Men and women have different sexual characteristics PRIMARY SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS: Female and male reproductive systems are different. SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS: During adolescence, boys and girls experience some changes in their bodies. Boys: deeper voice, facial hair… Girls: The breast develop, wider hips… VIDEO: Male and female reproductive system
- 4. 2. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMA) THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The testicles produce the sperm. ( reproductive cells) They are protected by the scrotum. The vas deferens transport the sperm from the testicles to the urethra. The seminal vesicles are two glands. They produce seminal fluid. The urethra is conected to the vas deferens. The sperm travels through the urethra to the outside of the body. The penis is the most external part of the male reproductive system.
- 5. B) THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The ovaries are two organs that produce and develop the eggs (reproductive cells). The Fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus. The uterus is a cavity with muscular walls The vagina connect the uterus with the outside of the body. The vulva is the external organ of the female reproductive system.
- 6. 3. SEX CELLS AND FERTILISATION SEX CELLS Human reproduce sexually, the union of two different sex cells is necessary. The male reproductive system produces the male sex cells (sperm). The female reproductive system produces the female sex cells (ovum or egg) VIDEO: The human reproduction
- 7. SPERM Sperm begins to form in the testicles during puberty. Sperm are very small cells OVUM Girls are born with all their eggs. The eggs mature during puberty. Eggs are bigger than sperm.
- 8. FERTILISATION Fertilisation is the fusion of an ovum and a sperm. 2. Sperm enters the female reproductive system and goes to the Fallopian tube. 1. Every 28 days an egg is released from the ovaries and is pushed along the Fallopian tube towards the uterus. 3. Sperm fertilises the egg. A zygote is formed. 4. The zygote divides and forms an embryo. 5. The embryo implants itself in the uterus, where it continues to grow and develop.
- 9. 4. PREGNANCY AND GIVING BIRTH PREGNANCY Pregnancy lasts nine months. First trimester The baby`s brain begins to develop, the heart beats… At the end of the first trimester the organs are formed and begin to function… embryo Second trimester The foetus can hear, open and close its eyes… The mother can feel the baby moving. foetus Third trimester The foetus grows. The baby is ready to live outside the mother. baby
- 10. PLACENTA: It takes oxygen and nutrients from the mother`s blood. UMBILICAL CORD: It connects the placenta to the baby. Oxygen and nutrients are transported through the umbilical cord to the baby. AMNIOTIC SAC: It contains amniotic fluid. AMNIOTIC FLUID: It protects the baby VIDEO: Pregnancy
- 11. GIVING BIRTH During dilation the area of the uterus that is connected to the vagina expands. Rhythmic contractions begin. These contractions push the baby. In the expulsion phase the baby is pushed out of the body Delivery is the last stage of the birth. The placenta is pushed out of the body.