This document discusses the components and functions of human blood. It describes the four main components - plasma, white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets - and their functions in transporting nutrients, removing waste, distributing heat and hormones, producing antibodies, transporting oxygen, and releasing clotting factors. It also covers blood groups and the recipient-donor compatibility, the importance of blood donation for transfusions, and the proper handling and storage of donated blood.

1. THE HUMAN BLOOD
DONE BY:
NUR FAZNINA BINTI MOHAMAD RAZIF
ADIBA YUSRA BINTI MOHD YUSOF

2. BLOOD COMPONENTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS
Plasma
• It helps transport nutrients to tissues
• Removes waste products from tissues
• Distribute heat energy from the liver
and muscles to all the other parts of the body.
• It also distribute hormones, enzymes,
antibodies and other proteins. White blood cells (leucocytes)
• Some produce antibodies to render bacteria
inactive and some ingest bacteria.
Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
• Transports oxygen from the lungs to all the
parts of the body.
Platelets (thrombocytes)
• It releases blood clotting factors
when a blood vessel breaks.

3. BLOOD GROUP
THE RECIPIENT AND THE DONOR BLOOD GROUPS
Group Can donate to Can receive from
A A and AB A and O
B B and AB B and O
AB AB All groups
O All groups O

4. THE IMPORTANCE OF DONATING BLOOD
• By donating blood, one could save the lives of others
• Blood may be needed for treatment of accident cases, cancer victims, haemophiliacs,
gastrointestinal bleeding, and in surgery and childbirth where a great loss of blood occur.
• The donated blood can be used either as unfiltered blood for one patient, or separated into
components to help several patients.
Components Main uses
Plasma Great loss of blood in surgery and childbirth
Red blood cells Anaemia
Platelets Bone marrow failure, leukaemia
Blood proteins Burns

5. HANDLING AND STORING BLOOD
A donor can give 400cm3 of blood from a vein.
Frozen plasma can be kept for up to one year. The frozen
plasma and the red blood cells should be thawed in a
water bath at a temperature not exceeding 38 degrees
Celcius.
Blood must be collected under aseptic
conditions into a sterilized container
containing anticoagulant solution
which prevents clotting.
Screening tests are performed for
evidence of donor infection with
hepatitis, AIDS and other sexually
transmitted diseases.
The blood can be stored at
5 degrees Celsius for 10
days, or longer if glucose is
added.
Red blood cells can be stored under
refrigeration for 42 days, or they can
be frozen for up to 10 years. Platelets
can be stored at a room temperature
for a maximum of five days.

6. THANK YOU 