The heart is a muscular double pump with four chambers that pumps blood through two circuits. The right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood and pumps it throughout the body. It has four valves that ensure one-way blood flow and is located in the mediastinum behind the sternum. The heart is surrounded by membranes and has three layers: epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. It beats in a regular pattern of systole and diastole to efficiently circulate blood.
coronary circulation of Heart - by thirumurugan.docxthiru murugan
Blood supply of Heart or coronary circulation:
Blood supply of heart through coronary arteries is called coronary circulation
Coronary Arteries The right and left coronary arteries supply blood to your heart.
Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
Cardiac veins then drain away the blood after it has been deoxygenated.
Because the rest of the body, and most especially the brain, needs a steady supply of oxygenated blood that is free of all but the slightest interruptions, the heart is required to function continuously.
Therefore its circulation is of major importance not only to its own tissues but to the entire body and even the level of consciousness of the brain from moment to moment.
They’re the first branches off the aorta, which is the main artery in body.
These arteries and their branches supply all parts of the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary arteries:
The coronary arteries are major blood vessels in body, supplying blood to heart.
They make it possible for heart to beat and pump blood throughout body.
It have 2 branches right coronary artery (RCA) and a left main coronary artery (LMCA). Each contains smaller branches that go deep inside heart muscle.
Diagram:
Purpose of the coronary artery:
The function of the coronary arteries and their branches is to supply heart with blood.
Heart muscles need the oxygen and nutrients in blood so they can pump blood through heart and the rest of body.
Location of coronary arteries:
Coronary arteries are around and inside heart muscle.
They branch off aorta, which is the main artery in body.
They start at the aortic root, which is the first part of aorta that emerges from the left ventricle of heart.
The left ventricle is where oxygenated blood leaves from heart and starts its journey through body.
The coronary artery branches are the first of many branches off aorta.
Coronary artery structure:
o There are two coronary arteries, each containing several branches:
Right coronary artery (RCA):
o The RCA supplies blood to right atrium and right ventricle (where deoxygenated blood goes before heading to the lungs).
o Its branches supply the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV) nodes.
o These nodes send electrical signals through heart, so the heart muscles know when to contract.
o Branches of the RCA also deliver blood to one-third of interventricular septum, which is the wall between heart’s two lower chambers.
Left main coronary artery (LMCA):
o The LMCA supplies blood to left atrium and left ventricle.
o This is where oxygenated blood arrives from lungs before heart pumps it out to the rest of the body.
o Its branches supply blood to the other two-thirds of interventricular septum.
Structure of the coronary artery:
It’s important to note that sometimes the structure of the coronary artery branches varies from person to person.
Some examples are: Coronary arteries are usually surrounded by a layer
Anatomy & Physiology of Cardiovascular system,pulmonary and Systemic circuits, Heart Anatomy, blood,Layers of the heart wall, Coronary Circulation, The cardiac cycle, Electrophysiology and Contraction, Electrophysiology of Cardiac Cells, Action potentials and impulse conduction, Circulation, Differences between arteries and veins, Actin-myosin interaction, Hemodynamics, Cardiac Output
Anatomy & Physiology of Cardiac system with Cardiac Assessment- Diagnostic In...DR .PALLAVI PATHANIA
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, which is an anatomical pump, with its intricate conduits (arteries, veins, and capillaries) that traverse the whole human body carrying blood. ... The pumping action of the heart usually maintains a balance between cardiac output and venous return.
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coronary circulation of Heart - by thirumurugan.docxthiru murugan
Blood supply of Heart or coronary circulation:
Blood supply of heart through coronary arteries is called coronary circulation
Coronary Arteries The right and left coronary arteries supply blood to your heart.
Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
Cardiac veins then drain away the blood after it has been deoxygenated.
Because the rest of the body, and most especially the brain, needs a steady supply of oxygenated blood that is free of all but the slightest interruptions, the heart is required to function continuously.
Therefore its circulation is of major importance not only to its own tissues but to the entire body and even the level of consciousness of the brain from moment to moment.
They’re the first branches off the aorta, which is the main artery in body.
These arteries and their branches supply all parts of the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary arteries:
The coronary arteries are major blood vessels in body, supplying blood to heart.
They make it possible for heart to beat and pump blood throughout body.
It have 2 branches right coronary artery (RCA) and a left main coronary artery (LMCA). Each contains smaller branches that go deep inside heart muscle.
Diagram:
Purpose of the coronary artery:
The function of the coronary arteries and their branches is to supply heart with blood.
Heart muscles need the oxygen and nutrients in blood so they can pump blood through heart and the rest of body.
Location of coronary arteries:
Coronary arteries are around and inside heart muscle.
They branch off aorta, which is the main artery in body.
They start at the aortic root, which is the first part of aorta that emerges from the left ventricle of heart.
The left ventricle is where oxygenated blood leaves from heart and starts its journey through body.
The coronary artery branches are the first of many branches off aorta.
Coronary artery structure:
o There are two coronary arteries, each containing several branches:
Right coronary artery (RCA):
o The RCA supplies blood to right atrium and right ventricle (where deoxygenated blood goes before heading to the lungs).
o Its branches supply the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV) nodes.
o These nodes send electrical signals through heart, so the heart muscles know when to contract.
o Branches of the RCA also deliver blood to one-third of interventricular septum, which is the wall between heart’s two lower chambers.
Left main coronary artery (LMCA):
o The LMCA supplies blood to left atrium and left ventricle.
o This is where oxygenated blood arrives from lungs before heart pumps it out to the rest of the body.
o Its branches supply blood to the other two-thirds of interventricular septum.
Structure of the coronary artery:
It’s important to note that sometimes the structure of the coronary artery branches varies from person to person.
Some examples are: Coronary arteries are usually surrounded by a layer
Anatomy & Physiology of Cardiovascular system,pulmonary and Systemic circuits, Heart Anatomy, blood,Layers of the heart wall, Coronary Circulation, The cardiac cycle, Electrophysiology and Contraction, Electrophysiology of Cardiac Cells, Action potentials and impulse conduction, Circulation, Differences between arteries and veins, Actin-myosin interaction, Hemodynamics, Cardiac Output
Anatomy & Physiology of Cardiac system with Cardiac Assessment- Diagnostic In...DR .PALLAVI PATHANIA
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, which is an anatomical pump, with its intricate conduits (arteries, veins, and capillaries) that traverse the whole human body carrying blood. ... The pumping action of the heart usually maintains a balance between cardiac output and venous return.
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
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Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
2. 2
Overview
The right side receives
oxygen-poor blood from the
body and tissues and then
pumps it to the lungs to
pick up oxygen and dispel
carbon dioxide
Its left side receives
oxygenated blood returning
from the lungs and pumps
this blood throughout the
body to supply oxygen and
nutrients to the body
tissues
The heart=a muscular double pump with 2 functions
3. 3
simplified…
Cone shaped muscle
Four chambers
Two atria, two ventricles
Double pump – the ventricles
Two circulations
Systemic circuit: blood vessels that transport
blood to and from all the body tissues
Pulmonary circuit: blood vessels that carry
blood to and from the lungs
5. 5
Heart’s position in thorax
In mediastinum – behind sternum and pointing
left, lying on the diaphragm
It weighs 250-350 gm (about 1 pound)
Feel your heart beat at apex
(this is of a person lying down)
8. 8
Coverings of the heart: pericardium
Three layered:
(1) Fibrous pericardium
Serous pericardium of layers (2) & (3)
(2) Parietal layer of serous pericardium
(3) Visceral layer of serous pericardium =
epicardium: on heart and is part of its wall
(Between the layers is pericardial cavity)
10. 10
Layers of the heart wall
Muscle of the heart with inner and outer
membrane coverings
Muscle of heart = “myocardium”
The layers from out to in:
Epicardium = visceral layer of serous
pericardium
Myocardium = the muscle
Endocardium lining the chambers
12. 12
Chambers of the heart
sides are labeled in reference to the subject facing you
Two atria
Right atrium
Left atrium
Two ventricles
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. 13
Chambers of the heart
divided by septae:
Two atria-divided
by interatrial septum
Right atrium
Left atrium
Two ventricles-
divided by
interventricular
septum
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
14. 14
Valves
three tricuspid
one bicuspid
“Tricuspid” valve
RA to RV
Pulmonary or pulmonic valve
RV to pulmonary trunk (branches R and L)
Mitral valve (the bicuspid one)
LA to LV
Aortic valve
LV to aorta
(cusp means flap)
17. 17
Pattern of flow
(simple to more detailed)
Body
RA
RV
Lungs
LA
LV
Boby
Body to right heart to lungs to
left heart to body
Body, then via vena cavas and
coronary sinus to RA, to RV, then to
lungs via pulmonary arteries, then to
LA via pulmonary veins, to LV, then to
body via aorta
From body via SVC, IVC & coronary
sinus to RA; then to RV through tricuspid
valve; to lungs through pulmonic valve
and via pulmonary arteries; to LA via
pulmonary veins; to LV through mitral
valve; to body via aortic valve then aorta
18. 18
Note positions of valves
Valves open and close in response to pressure differences
Trabeculae carnae
Note papillary muscles, chordae tendinae (heart strings):
keep valves from prolapsing (purpose of valve = 1 way flow)
19. 19
Relative thickness of muscular walls
LV thicker than RV because it forces blood out against more resistance; the
systemic circulation is much longer than the pulmonary circulation
Atria are thin because ventricular filling is done by gravity, requiring little atrial effort
22. 22
Heartbeat
Systole: contraction
Diastole: filling
Normal rate: 60-100
Slow: bradycardia
Fast: tachycardia
***Note: blood goes to RA, then RV, then lungs, then LA, then LV, then
body; but the fact that a given drop of blood passes through the heart
chambers sequentially does not mean that the four chambers contract in
that order; the 2 atria always contract together, followed by the
simultaneous contraction of the 2 ventricles
Definition: a single sequence of atrial contraction followed by ventricular contraction
23. 23
Heart sounds
Called S1 and S2
S1 is the closing of AV (Mitral and Tricuspid) valves
at the start of ventricular systole
S2 is the closing of the semilunar (Aortic and
Pulmonic) valves at the end of ventricular systole
Separation easy to hear on inspiration therefore S2
referred to as A2 and P2
Murmurs: the sound of flow
Can be normal
Can be abnormal
26. 26
“EKG”
(or ECG, electrocardiogram)
Electrical
depolarization is
recorded on the body
surface by up to 12
leads
Pattern analyzed in
each lead
P wave=atrial depolarization
QRS=ventricular depolarization
T wave=ventricular repolarization
27. 27
Electrical conduction system:
(Explanation in next slides)
specialized cardiac muscle cells that carry
impulses throughout the heart
musculature, signaling the chambers to
contract in the proper sequence
28. 28
Conduction system
SA node (sinoatrial)
In wall of RA
Sets basic rate: 70-80
Is the normal pacemaker
Impulse from SA to atria
Impulse also to AV node via internodal
pathway
AV node
In interatrial septum
29. 29
Conduction continued
SA node through AV bundle (bundle of
His)
Into interventricular septum
Divides
R and L bundle branches
become subendocardial
branches (“Purkinje
fibers”)
Contraction begins
at apex
33. 33
Autonomic
innervation
Sympathetic
Increases rate and force
of contractions
Parasympathetic
(branches of Vagus n.)
Slows the heart rate
http://education.med.nyu.edu/courses/old/physiology/courseware/ekg_pt1/EKGseq.html
For a show on depolarization:
35. 35
Embryological development during week 4
(helps to understand heart defects)
Day 22, (b) in diagram, heart starts pumping
(day 24)
(day 28)
(day 23)
36. 36
Normal and
abnormal
Congenital (means born with)
abnormalities account for nearly half
of all deaths from birth defects
One of every 150 newborns has some
congenital heart defect