Universities play a major role in producing entrepreneurs. Until recently, fostering innovations and new product development through entrepreneurship has not been regarded as a primary task of universities. Although the graduates are given the education on entrepreneurship, it is reported that they have less willingness to start their own business. Lack of entrepreneurial intentions among the undergraduates impact adversely for the economic development of the country as entrepreneurship is a major source of employment generation and economic development. Thus, scholars emphasize more on investigating the factors stimulating the interest of undergraduates to become an entrepreneur. On the above backdrop, present study was undertaken to understand the factors affecting the entrepreneurial intentions of the undergraduates involved in Business Administration and Entrepreneurship courses in Sri Lankan Universities. D G M P M Gamage | R H G W P K Henegedara ""The Entrepreneurial Intentions among the Undergraduates Involved in Business Administration and Entrepreneurship Courses in Sri Lanka"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25175.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-administration/25175/the-entrepreneurial-intentions-among-the-undergraduates-involved-in-business-administration-and-entrepreneurship-courses-in-sri-lanka/d-g-m-p-m-gamage
An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Inte...ijtsrd
It is reported that individuals have less willingness to start their own business. Lack of entrepreneurial intentions impact adversely for the economic development of the country as entrepreneurship is a major source of employment generation and economic development. Thus, scholars emphasize on investigating the factors stimulating the interest of undergraduates to become an entrepreneur. Among the factors, social capital of individuals plays a vital role. On the above backdrop, present study was undertaken to understand the impact of social capital affecting the entrepreneurial intentions of the undergraduates involved in Business Administration and Entrepreneurship courses in Sri Lankan Universities. Findings of the study suggests that the number of social ties, trustworthy relationships and the social norms shared among the undergraduates within their community affect their willingness to start a new business. Thus, the study provides significant insights for the university administrators highlighting importance of facilitating a platform for the undergraduates to network with the fellow undergraduates. R H G W P K Henegedara | D G M P M Gamage "An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Intentions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25227.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-administration/25227/an-investigation-of-the-impact-of-social-capital-for-the-entrepreneurial-intentions/r-h-g-w-p-k-henegedara
Abstract- This study aims to determine and classify the barriers experienced by students to start entrepreneurship. This type of research is exploratory. The sampling technique used proportionate stratified random sampling with a total sample of 262 people. The Data analysis technique used is Factor Analysis. The collected data is processed statistically using SPSS version 24.0. The result of the research shows that there are seven new factors that can hamper the students to start the business, first the basic ability of entrepreneurship, the two factors of striving, the three factors of future uncertainty, the four factors of courage, the five resource factors, the six risk factors, the seven information factors.
The Influence of Human and Financial Capital on the Performance of Woman Entr...Premier Publishers
Woman entrepreneurs have a vital role in a country’s economic growth and development. This paper examined the impact of human capital and financial capital on the performance of woman entrepreneurs in Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). The paper employed quantitative method with usable questionnaires among women entrepreneurs. Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regression model were used to analyze data by using SPSS software and the results indicate that human capital has an impact on the business performance and the relationship is significant. On the other hand, financial capital has a significant impact on the profitability among women entrepreneurs with significant positive value.
Government of India have initiated and introduced number of entrepreneurial and technopreneurial events to promote business policy and induce the interest of the young generation of the nation to become an employment providers. Unique spirit of economic support is now moving the country and bringing changes. A sequence of motivated economic reforms targeted the universe and stimulating foreign share has moved India into the top rank of the rapidly growing country in Asia and Pacific region. Startup has released the hidden strengths of our peoples and transforming the nation with trigging force. India’s dynamic and highly competitive private sector has long been the backbone of its economic activity. Technology and entrepreneurship are becoming the slogans of the new millennium. In this study, we focussed on the enormous activities which are ongoing in research and development areas and platforms for new technologies and also resulting into the institutional background of innovating technologies.
Pdf hoda et al entrepreneurial intentionNajmul Hoda
Presentation for the Entrepreneurship Research Session at the StartUp Saudi Arabia 2018 held at The Ritz-Carlton, Jeddah on Nov 26, 2018. The paper was co-authored by four of my students. Three of them participated in the event.
This study explains factors that influence enterprise creation among graduates within a public university in Malaysia.
The analysis of the data reflects the vision and mission of that university to promote entrepreneurial skills among its
student. This study recognises four factors that influence students starting a business after graduation. These factors
are; 1) individual's intention and characteristics, 2) family background, 3) culture and 4) financial resources.
Individual's intention and characteristics expedite enterprise creation, while family background presents students'
ability to participate in businesses. Culture draws upon cumulative knowledge, experience, belief and values that can
cultivate a person's thought and mindset, meanwhile, financial resources draw upon financial assistance made
available to students for starting-up enterprises. These factors were tested using regression coefficient, reliability and
descriptive methods. This is to ensure data received are legit and valid to use for this study.
An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Inte...ijtsrd
It is reported that individuals have less willingness to start their own business. Lack of entrepreneurial intentions impact adversely for the economic development of the country as entrepreneurship is a major source of employment generation and economic development. Thus, scholars emphasize on investigating the factors stimulating the interest of undergraduates to become an entrepreneur. Among the factors, social capital of individuals plays a vital role. On the above backdrop, present study was undertaken to understand the impact of social capital affecting the entrepreneurial intentions of the undergraduates involved in Business Administration and Entrepreneurship courses in Sri Lankan Universities. Findings of the study suggests that the number of social ties, trustworthy relationships and the social norms shared among the undergraduates within their community affect their willingness to start a new business. Thus, the study provides significant insights for the university administrators highlighting importance of facilitating a platform for the undergraduates to network with the fellow undergraduates. R H G W P K Henegedara | D G M P M Gamage "An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Intentions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25227.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-administration/25227/an-investigation-of-the-impact-of-social-capital-for-the-entrepreneurial-intentions/r-h-g-w-p-k-henegedara
Abstract- This study aims to determine and classify the barriers experienced by students to start entrepreneurship. This type of research is exploratory. The sampling technique used proportionate stratified random sampling with a total sample of 262 people. The Data analysis technique used is Factor Analysis. The collected data is processed statistically using SPSS version 24.0. The result of the research shows that there are seven new factors that can hamper the students to start the business, first the basic ability of entrepreneurship, the two factors of striving, the three factors of future uncertainty, the four factors of courage, the five resource factors, the six risk factors, the seven information factors.
The Influence of Human and Financial Capital on the Performance of Woman Entr...Premier Publishers
Woman entrepreneurs have a vital role in a country’s economic growth and development. This paper examined the impact of human capital and financial capital on the performance of woman entrepreneurs in Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). The paper employed quantitative method with usable questionnaires among women entrepreneurs. Pearson Correlation and Multiple Regression model were used to analyze data by using SPSS software and the results indicate that human capital has an impact on the business performance and the relationship is significant. On the other hand, financial capital has a significant impact on the profitability among women entrepreneurs with significant positive value.
Government of India have initiated and introduced number of entrepreneurial and technopreneurial events to promote business policy and induce the interest of the young generation of the nation to become an employment providers. Unique spirit of economic support is now moving the country and bringing changes. A sequence of motivated economic reforms targeted the universe and stimulating foreign share has moved India into the top rank of the rapidly growing country in Asia and Pacific region. Startup has released the hidden strengths of our peoples and transforming the nation with trigging force. India’s dynamic and highly competitive private sector has long been the backbone of its economic activity. Technology and entrepreneurship are becoming the slogans of the new millennium. In this study, we focussed on the enormous activities which are ongoing in research and development areas and platforms for new technologies and also resulting into the institutional background of innovating technologies.
Pdf hoda et al entrepreneurial intentionNajmul Hoda
Presentation for the Entrepreneurship Research Session at the StartUp Saudi Arabia 2018 held at The Ritz-Carlton, Jeddah on Nov 26, 2018. The paper was co-authored by four of my students. Three of them participated in the event.
This study explains factors that influence enterprise creation among graduates within a public university in Malaysia.
The analysis of the data reflects the vision and mission of that university to promote entrepreneurial skills among its
student. This study recognises four factors that influence students starting a business after graduation. These factors
are; 1) individual's intention and characteristics, 2) family background, 3) culture and 4) financial resources.
Individual's intention and characteristics expedite enterprise creation, while family background presents students'
ability to participate in businesses. Culture draws upon cumulative knowledge, experience, belief and values that can
cultivate a person's thought and mindset, meanwhile, financial resources draw upon financial assistance made
available to students for starting-up enterprises. These factors were tested using regression coefficient, reliability and
descriptive methods. This is to ensure data received are legit and valid to use for this study.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the difference of attitudes towards entrepreneurial intention (EI) of Agricultural graduates in agribusiness, this cannot be realized without harnessing the quality human resource base of the youth, especially graduates from agricultural faculties, Pakistani and Chinese Agril students used to identify the possible differences between potential entrepreneurs from these distinct national contexts. The data includes a set of agrarian universities being a surveyed (n= 640) was collected in 2016. The descriptive and binary logistic regression was employed to analyze through SPSS 25.00 to examine the effect of individual’s attitude on EI in agribusiness, independent variables comprise individual’s entrepreneurial network, perceived capabilities, ability to recognize business opportunities, risk perceptions as well as a range of socio-cultural attitudes. The findings support the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and individual’s attitude. Individual’s capability, opportunity recognition, networks and range of socio-cultural perceptions all influence EI significantly also, age, gender, the educational background of students, media motivation, attention, to self-realization, status, practical agricultural experience and risks perception were found to have a significant influence on students’ intention to take up agribusiness as a source of future self-employment avenue upon graduation.
Various Variables to Trigger Entrepreneurial Intention for Young Entrepreneur...inventionjournals
Indonesia faces major problems related to the development of the entrepreneurial spirit of the young people. To Strengthen Indonesia's competitiveness at the global level, the strengthening of the entrepreneurial movement should be as the main agenda and to be done consistently. The majority of the Indonesian population is the group of young people. So, a systematic effort to foster an interest in entrepreneurship of a young people is required. This study examines various variables triggering the growing of entrepreneurship intention of the young entrepreneurs in East Java. This study found that family support is a major factor for strengthening the young entrepreneurs' intention in entrepreneurship. The study also showed that entrepreneurship education and social environmental support as an initial trigger which influence the growth of entrepreneurial intention of young entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship education will influence the personality of the young entrepreneurs, while the environmental support will influence the entrepreneurial attitude of the young entrepreneurs. Furthermore, personality and entrepreneurial attitude will influence the growth of entrepreneurial intention. Based on this study, it is suggested that entrepreneurship education needs to be done earlier, ranging from primary education to the higher education. Furthermore, there should be further studies, specifically intended to strengthen entrepreneurship education and strengthen the role of the environment to foster entrepreneurship intention.
Impediments and Inducements to Youth Entrepreneurship Development in Sylhet R...IOSRJBM
The purpose of this paper is to explore and identify the key impediments and constraints that obstruct young people from starting and running a new venture and at the same time, inducements and stimuli that trigger youths to entrepreneurial activities. Data were collected from 80 young entrepreneurs of Sylhet, Bangladesh through a questionnaire gleaned from the literature review following a convenience and purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed, insufficient personal savings, high interest rate, and negative attitude of financial institutions to young entrepreneurs due to high default rate are the major impediments to obtaining start-up fund, being their own boss and earning more money are the prime inducements to engage in business. Parents and teachers influenced most to start business while financial risk reported as the most critical demotivator. Managing fund and fierce competition are main problems in running the business successfully. Lack of vocational education and training and inappropriate and inadequate curriculum and study programs are the key educational constraints, unsupportive tax regulations, complex business registration procedure are the leading administrative and regulatory barriers, dearth of information on available business support services and lack of training and business counseling are the major impediments of business support services. The implications of the study bear far-reaching ramifications to the concerned stakeholders for facilitating and encouraging youth entrepreneurship development by addressing the start-up constraints and problems
Demographic Factors as a Predictor of Entrepreneurs’ Success among Micro, Sma...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications
ABSTRACT
This paper examined the impact of human and financial capital on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The study used quantitative method. The analyse data results indicated that on the negative value, human capital has an impact on the business performance while financial capital on the positive value makes a major impact on business performance. The overall contribution is that women entrepreneurs have a vital role in a country’s economic growth and development.
Keywords: Women Entrepreneurs, Human Capital, Financial Capital, SMEs
Shapero’s Model: A Veritable Tool for Explaining Entrepreneurial Intentions a...inventionjournals
Entrepreneurship is considered as a life blood for any meaningful growth and development around the world. Entrepreneurship process is initiated from the development of the entrepreneurial intentions. This is inclined to three fundamental variables; perceived desirability, propensity to act and perceived feasibility. The research work applied entrepreneurial intention model developed hypothetically in line with Shapero’s Model. The sample size was 107 respondents. The data collection instruments were questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 16. The descriptive statistics were presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. While this research was primarily directed toward university students, its conclusion was significant in providing answers to most issues concerning the circumstances surrounding entrepreneurship and business development among the Nigerian graduates. The study concludes that it was beneficial to offer entrepreneurship courses in view of the fact that it build up the intention and the fundamental aptitude to be an entrepreneur, also being an entrepreneur could bring about greater contentment in one’s life . The research work recommends that entrepreneurship and business development curriculum should be expanded to cover other sensitive areas of businesses where the current curriculum does not. This will facilitate the students to have the understanding of the entrepreneurial environment and to have an indispensable aptitude required to become an entrepreneur. The research work further proposes that, the Nigerian government should make available resources such as funds for the graduates who want to become entrepreneurs since entrepreneurship is a kind of win- win partnership between the government and the entrepreneurs.
This study aims to discuss opportunities for developing the concept of Personal Prophetic Leadership
(Perpec-L) as an intrinsic character education model that can increase productivity. This study examines the
relationship between machiavellism, lecturer achievement index, prophet leadership and lecturer
productivity
Students' Interest in Entrepreneurial Education A Correlate of Home, School a...ijtsrd
Entrepreneurial education EE is one of the fastest growing fields of education globally, yet the areas of "what" should be taught in these programs and "how" to teach them have been mentioned by many researchers as ones that lack both consensus and devoted attention. The purpose for this research work is to provide a detailed influence of teachers, parents and students interest in the study of entrepreneurial education. This research uses a systematic literature review to help review the literature in a transparent and unbiased way. The method used for this research is the quantitative research method. Questionnaires served as the major technique for data collection, which were further analyzed using the descriptive survey research design into SPSS. Findings from this research show that students have interest and the desire to become self reliant after graduation, which may be so because their parents are self reliant. Unfortunately, teachers who teach entrepreneurial subjects are not specially trained to do so, neither are they entrepreneurs. Worst still, schools do not make provisions for students to practically learn new skills, as such, the training which students receive is not enough for them to become self reliant after graduation. Both students, parents and schools must, therefore, play their different roles as identified by this research to inculcate in the students, problem solving skill and self reliance. Abetang, Mary Achenushure | Abetang, Esther Akpochenere "Students' Interest in Entrepreneurial Education: A Correlate of Home, School and Learners' Factors in Akinyele Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31143.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/education/31143/students%E2%80%99-interest-in-entrepreneurial-education-a-correlate-of-home-school-and-learners%E2%80%99-factors-in-akinyele-local-government-oyo-state-nigeria/abetang-mary-achenushure
Many organizations and institutions are struggling to survive in a business and market environment
which is volatile and fierce, and thus they are doing everything within their means in their quest to keep the
motivation levels of their staff high and to ensure an increase in their competitiveness and an improvement in
performance. Several studies indicate that improved employee performance gives organizations an age over and
above the others in the same business
Entrepreneur as a Career Choice: Interrelationship between Risk Taking, Compe...IOSR Journals
It is commonly believed that entrepreneurs are one of the main pillars of nation economic growth or development due to their ability to create jobs. Entrepreneur as a career choice has known since ancient time along with career as non-entrepreneur. Research on entrepreneurship is increasingly performed in last period along with the decrease in employment opportunities. This research aims to analyze the personal characteristics that influence university graduates to choose entrepreneur as their career option. Based on previous research, five factors were identified, i.e: risk taking, competitive aggressiveness, proactiveness, innovativeness, and autonomy. Data were collected from 76 respondents. Data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis, cross tabulation, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and logistic regression to test how those factors relate to career choice as an entrepreneur. The analysis shows that only three factors significantly influenced the choice of entrepreneur as career choice, i.e. proactiveness, risk taking, and competitive aggressiveness. While the other two factors – innovativeness and autonomy – were found to be basic characteristics required for both an entrepreneur and non-entrepreneur.
Developing The active Learning Model to Improve the Effectiveness Study Group...iosrjce
The implementation of the entrepreneurship course in ISI Padang Panjang was not run optimally.
This research was aimed to improve the effectiveness of learning entrepreneurship in ISI Padang Panjang by
developing active learning model by using group learning method. This research used research and
development approach that consisted of preliminary study (needs analysis); model development; and model
testing (validation). Developing a model in this research refers to the ADDIE model (analysis, design,
development, implementation, evaluation). The findings of this research were (1) the process of learning in
entrepreneurship courses at ISI Padang Panjang was not functioned properly; (2) the implementation of the
course only relied on teachers’ learning center which was not effective; (3) developing a model of active
learning by using ADDIE model was valid, practical and effective
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the difference of attitudes towards entrepreneurial intention (EI) of Agricultural graduates in agribusiness, this cannot be realized without harnessing the quality human resource base of the youth, especially graduates from agricultural faculties, Pakistani and Chinese Agril students used to identify the possible differences between potential entrepreneurs from these distinct national contexts. The data includes a set of agrarian universities being a surveyed (n= 640) was collected in 2016. The descriptive and binary logistic regression was employed to analyze through SPSS 25.00 to examine the effect of individual’s attitude on EI in agribusiness, independent variables comprise individual’s entrepreneurial network, perceived capabilities, ability to recognize business opportunities, risk perceptions as well as a range of socio-cultural attitudes. The findings support the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and individual’s attitude. Individual’s capability, opportunity recognition, networks and range of socio-cultural perceptions all influence EI significantly also, age, gender, the educational background of students, media motivation, attention, to self-realization, status, practical agricultural experience and risks perception were found to have a significant influence on students’ intention to take up agribusiness as a source of future self-employment avenue upon graduation.
Various Variables to Trigger Entrepreneurial Intention for Young Entrepreneur...inventionjournals
Indonesia faces major problems related to the development of the entrepreneurial spirit of the young people. To Strengthen Indonesia's competitiveness at the global level, the strengthening of the entrepreneurial movement should be as the main agenda and to be done consistently. The majority of the Indonesian population is the group of young people. So, a systematic effort to foster an interest in entrepreneurship of a young people is required. This study examines various variables triggering the growing of entrepreneurship intention of the young entrepreneurs in East Java. This study found that family support is a major factor for strengthening the young entrepreneurs' intention in entrepreneurship. The study also showed that entrepreneurship education and social environmental support as an initial trigger which influence the growth of entrepreneurial intention of young entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship education will influence the personality of the young entrepreneurs, while the environmental support will influence the entrepreneurial attitude of the young entrepreneurs. Furthermore, personality and entrepreneurial attitude will influence the growth of entrepreneurial intention. Based on this study, it is suggested that entrepreneurship education needs to be done earlier, ranging from primary education to the higher education. Furthermore, there should be further studies, specifically intended to strengthen entrepreneurship education and strengthen the role of the environment to foster entrepreneurship intention.
Impediments and Inducements to Youth Entrepreneurship Development in Sylhet R...IOSRJBM
The purpose of this paper is to explore and identify the key impediments and constraints that obstruct young people from starting and running a new venture and at the same time, inducements and stimuli that trigger youths to entrepreneurial activities. Data were collected from 80 young entrepreneurs of Sylhet, Bangladesh through a questionnaire gleaned from the literature review following a convenience and purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed, insufficient personal savings, high interest rate, and negative attitude of financial institutions to young entrepreneurs due to high default rate are the major impediments to obtaining start-up fund, being their own boss and earning more money are the prime inducements to engage in business. Parents and teachers influenced most to start business while financial risk reported as the most critical demotivator. Managing fund and fierce competition are main problems in running the business successfully. Lack of vocational education and training and inappropriate and inadequate curriculum and study programs are the key educational constraints, unsupportive tax regulations, complex business registration procedure are the leading administrative and regulatory barriers, dearth of information on available business support services and lack of training and business counseling are the major impediments of business support services. The implications of the study bear far-reaching ramifications to the concerned stakeholders for facilitating and encouraging youth entrepreneurship development by addressing the start-up constraints and problems
Demographic Factors as a Predictor of Entrepreneurs’ Success among Micro, Sma...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications
ABSTRACT
This paper examined the impact of human and financial capital on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The study used quantitative method. The analyse data results indicated that on the negative value, human capital has an impact on the business performance while financial capital on the positive value makes a major impact on business performance. The overall contribution is that women entrepreneurs have a vital role in a country’s economic growth and development.
Keywords: Women Entrepreneurs, Human Capital, Financial Capital, SMEs
Shapero’s Model: A Veritable Tool for Explaining Entrepreneurial Intentions a...inventionjournals
Entrepreneurship is considered as a life blood for any meaningful growth and development around the world. Entrepreneurship process is initiated from the development of the entrepreneurial intentions. This is inclined to three fundamental variables; perceived desirability, propensity to act and perceived feasibility. The research work applied entrepreneurial intention model developed hypothetically in line with Shapero’s Model. The sample size was 107 respondents. The data collection instruments were questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 16. The descriptive statistics were presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. While this research was primarily directed toward university students, its conclusion was significant in providing answers to most issues concerning the circumstances surrounding entrepreneurship and business development among the Nigerian graduates. The study concludes that it was beneficial to offer entrepreneurship courses in view of the fact that it build up the intention and the fundamental aptitude to be an entrepreneur, also being an entrepreneur could bring about greater contentment in one’s life . The research work recommends that entrepreneurship and business development curriculum should be expanded to cover other sensitive areas of businesses where the current curriculum does not. This will facilitate the students to have the understanding of the entrepreneurial environment and to have an indispensable aptitude required to become an entrepreneur. The research work further proposes that, the Nigerian government should make available resources such as funds for the graduates who want to become entrepreneurs since entrepreneurship is a kind of win- win partnership between the government and the entrepreneurs.
This study aims to discuss opportunities for developing the concept of Personal Prophetic Leadership
(Perpec-L) as an intrinsic character education model that can increase productivity. This study examines the
relationship between machiavellism, lecturer achievement index, prophet leadership and lecturer
productivity
Students' Interest in Entrepreneurial Education A Correlate of Home, School a...ijtsrd
Entrepreneurial education EE is one of the fastest growing fields of education globally, yet the areas of "what" should be taught in these programs and "how" to teach them have been mentioned by many researchers as ones that lack both consensus and devoted attention. The purpose for this research work is to provide a detailed influence of teachers, parents and students interest in the study of entrepreneurial education. This research uses a systematic literature review to help review the literature in a transparent and unbiased way. The method used for this research is the quantitative research method. Questionnaires served as the major technique for data collection, which were further analyzed using the descriptive survey research design into SPSS. Findings from this research show that students have interest and the desire to become self reliant after graduation, which may be so because their parents are self reliant. Unfortunately, teachers who teach entrepreneurial subjects are not specially trained to do so, neither are they entrepreneurs. Worst still, schools do not make provisions for students to practically learn new skills, as such, the training which students receive is not enough for them to become self reliant after graduation. Both students, parents and schools must, therefore, play their different roles as identified by this research to inculcate in the students, problem solving skill and self reliance. Abetang, Mary Achenushure | Abetang, Esther Akpochenere "Students' Interest in Entrepreneurial Education: A Correlate of Home, School and Learners' Factors in Akinyele Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31143.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/education/31143/students%E2%80%99-interest-in-entrepreneurial-education-a-correlate-of-home-school-and-learners%E2%80%99-factors-in-akinyele-local-government-oyo-state-nigeria/abetang-mary-achenushure
Many organizations and institutions are struggling to survive in a business and market environment
which is volatile and fierce, and thus they are doing everything within their means in their quest to keep the
motivation levels of their staff high and to ensure an increase in their competitiveness and an improvement in
performance. Several studies indicate that improved employee performance gives organizations an age over and
above the others in the same business
Entrepreneur as a Career Choice: Interrelationship between Risk Taking, Compe...IOSR Journals
It is commonly believed that entrepreneurs are one of the main pillars of nation economic growth or development due to their ability to create jobs. Entrepreneur as a career choice has known since ancient time along with career as non-entrepreneur. Research on entrepreneurship is increasingly performed in last period along with the decrease in employment opportunities. This research aims to analyze the personal characteristics that influence university graduates to choose entrepreneur as their career option. Based on previous research, five factors were identified, i.e: risk taking, competitive aggressiveness, proactiveness, innovativeness, and autonomy. Data were collected from 76 respondents. Data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis, cross tabulation, confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and logistic regression to test how those factors relate to career choice as an entrepreneur. The analysis shows that only three factors significantly influenced the choice of entrepreneur as career choice, i.e. proactiveness, risk taking, and competitive aggressiveness. While the other two factors – innovativeness and autonomy – were found to be basic characteristics required for both an entrepreneur and non-entrepreneur.
Developing The active Learning Model to Improve the Effectiveness Study Group...iosrjce
The implementation of the entrepreneurship course in ISI Padang Panjang was not run optimally.
This research was aimed to improve the effectiveness of learning entrepreneurship in ISI Padang Panjang by
developing active learning model by using group learning method. This research used research and
development approach that consisted of preliminary study (needs analysis); model development; and model
testing (validation). Developing a model in this research refers to the ADDIE model (analysis, design,
development, implementation, evaluation). The findings of this research were (1) the process of learning in
entrepreneurship courses at ISI Padang Panjang was not functioned properly; (2) the implementation of the
course only relied on teachers’ learning center which was not effective; (3) developing a model of active
learning by using ADDIE model was valid, practical and effective
Entrepreneurship-Based Course Design: A Case Study of Its Application in Huma...ikhsan setiawan
The advancement and prosperity of a country are, in part, determined by the number of entrepreneurs in that country. Entrepreneurs can help a country’s economy by opening numerous job opportunities. In this respect, higher education institutions are expected to create a great number of entrepreneurs. One of the core components in a higher education activity is a course. Thus, a course should be better designed in such a way that can raise student’s motivation to get involved in entrepreneurial activities. This paper describes the application of an entrepreneurship-based course design in Human Resource Planning and Development (HRPD) course during the even semester of academic year 2014/2015 at Narotama University Surabaya. The most important part of that design is the main assignment that instructs the students to establish their own small business plans which cover vision, mission, and strategy for at least the next five years. After that, they must establish a detailed enough plan to conduct various human resource management activities directed to get qualified employees who can support the business in implementing its strategy. Finally, this paper also discusses the effectiveness of the HRPD course design in enhancing the students’ entrepreneurial motivation.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Higher Education, Course Design, Human Resource Management, Student’s Entrepreneurial Motivation
Entrepreneurship-Based Course Design: A Case Study of Its Application in Huma...ikhsan setiawan
The advancement and prosperity of a country are, in part, determined by the number of entrepreneurs in that country. Entrepreneurs can help a country’s economy by opening numerous job opportunities. In this respect, higher education institutions are expected to create a great number of entrepreneurs. One of the core components in a higher education activity is a course. Thus, a course should be better designed in such a way that can raise student’s motivation to get involved in entrepreneurial activities. This paper describes the application of an entrepreneurship-based course design in Human Resource Planning and Development (HRPD) course during the even semester of academic year 2014/2015 at Narotama University Surabaya. The most important part of that design is the main assignment that instructs the students to establish their own small business plans which cover vision, mission, and strategy for at least the next five years. After that, they must establish a detailed enough plan to conduct various human resource management activities directed to get qualified employees who can support the business in implementing its strategy. Finally, this paper also discusses the effectiveness of the HRPD course design in enhancing the students’ entrepreneurial motivation.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Higher Education, Course Design, Human Resource Management, Student’s Entrepreneurial Motivation
A Study on Attitude of Commerce Graduating Students Towards Entrepreneurship ...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: India is plagued by high levels of unemployment. Government in collaboration with private stakeholders have initiated numerous interventions to encourage entrepreneurship, however not enough progress has been made up to date. This can be attributed to the lack of understanding of the attitudes and perceptions among the youth towards entrepreneurship. The current interventions are mostly focused on dealing with the most common obstacles such as the cultural and social norms, financial support, regulation, while ignoring to foster the correct attitudes towards entrepreneurship as a career choice. The Kerala state is known to be the high literacy area of India being the highest graduates as well as commerce graduate qualified of the country. The scarcity of employment opportunities in the formal market is the source of the high unemployment rate among graduates. The University students possess a high potential in terms of starting their own businesses ventures due to their levels of education. The question is: Do they possess a positive attitude towards entrepreneurship? Problem of poor attitudes towards Entrepreneurship among graduates will continue to contribute towards high levels of unemployment.
This article was prepared in order to investigate whether the teachers working in a Business Administration BA degree have an entrepreneurial profile, with the aim of finding whether such teachers are able to support the Pedagogical Proposal of the Institution to which they belong to in what concerns the requirement of the course and also the Pedagogical Proposal of the course itself. The methodological procedure adopted was the
Documentary Analysis, i.e., a study that is based on documents such as books, statistic maps, journal articles and the procedure of a Case Study. The data collection technique adopted was also the Documentary Analysis plus a
Survey-type questionnaire. As a result, the Research has shown that the teachers of said course do have an entrepreneurial profile that range from medium to medium-high, plus a good knowledge of Entrepreneurship Education, which can truly guarantee the Course Pedagogical Proposal
Student's Behaviour in Start Up Business Trendijtsrd
This paper focuses on the students' trend in starting their own businesses on graduation. Moreover, it evaluates the undergraduate students at university level to create their own companies on graduation and analyse the personal attributes and competencies that may influence such trend. The statistical procedures adopted in the processing of the data collected from a sample of 240 students with particular regard to the possibility of their establishing their own enterprise. Gender, risk, factors related to profession employment choice and academic training were found to significantly affect students' interest in and motivation for start up business. Huynh Canh Thanh Lam ""Student's Behaviour in Start-Up Business Trend"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30147.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/commerce/30147/student%E2%80%99s-behaviour-in-startup-business-trend/huynh-canh-thanh-lam
Role of Entrepreneurship Education in Development and Promotion of Entreprene...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Education in the area of entrepreneurship plays a significant role in the development of entrepreneurial skills in the individuals. It may help youth to develop skill, ability of decision making, risk taking ability, manage any situation, and proper acquisition of knowledge which could benefit them for starting, organizing and managing their own enterprises and became helpful in economic development. The target population is 417 graduates or post graduates students from the Entrepreneurship Development Cells (EDC) of premier institutions (two government and two private institutions) in which 136 were selected randomly as a sample for study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analyzing the data with the help of SPSS 22.0 software. Present study evidences the role of EDCs in the skill development of male and female is equal in all components like ability of taking decisions, creativity, Research, Development and Innovation, taking initiatives and so on. Entrepreneur development cells of any institutions, programs and their faculties haven’t made any difference on the basic of gender. Their all programs are equal for all.
Role of Entrepreneurship Education in Development and Promotion of Entreprene...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Education in the area of entrepreneurship plays a significant role in the development of entrepreneurial skills in the individuals. It may help youth to develop skill, ability of decision making, risk taking ability, manage any situation, and proper acquisition of knowledge which could benefit them for starting, organizing and managing their own enterprises and became helpful in economic development. The target population is 417 graduates or post graduates students from the Entrepreneurship Development Cells (EDC) of premier institutions (two government and two private institutions) in which 136 were selected randomly as a sample for study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analyzing the data with the help of SPSS 22.0 software. Present study evidences the role of EDCs in the skill development of male and female is equal in all components like ability of taking decisions, creativity, Research, Development and Innovation, taking initiatives and so on. Entrepreneur development cells of any institutions, programs and their faculties haven’t made any difference on the basic of gender. Their all programs are equal for all.
The Factors Affecting the Development of Entrepreneurship School in Education...inventionjournals
This study aimed to identify factors involved in developing Entrepreneur school and understanding the Executive requirements of these schools in Educational system of Iran (Case Study of MAZANDARAN province). Relying on the theory of organizational entrepreneurship and data based theory (Grounded Theory) the factors effective in creating a school for entrepreneurs were identified. The population of the study in Interview section was 20 experts in the Field of educational sciences from the University of Educators, entrepreneurship teachers and school administrators and for qualitative validation were 20 faculty members of University of Educators and school administrators. The research tools were open interview and content analysis techniques .The research findings indicate that the two groups factors of inside and outside organization and 3 dimensions of personal, organizational and environmental abilities and 16 components of Features (psychological , attitude, motivational), management style, organizational ,Mental and interpersonal skills, new methods of reward, management support, Delegate, deadline, curricula system , strategic orientation, entrepreneurial culture, entrepreneurship education, space and equipments, government policies, socio-economic and cultural conditions, financial and non-financial support are effective in building this kind of entrepreneur school. Also the results of qualitative validation or questionnaire distribution in the first step have resulted to the Removal of the concepts of parental education; parental social status and evaluation system due to an average of less than 4.In the implementation of the second round questionnaire, Kendal correlation coefficient was calculated and Kendall's w = 0.705 was obtained, suggesting a strong consensus among panel members in the research.
From Intentions to Actions: Entrepreneurial EducationIJMREMJournal
Entrepreneurship is an issue that causes a lot of controversy. Some people assert that becoming an
entrepreneur is a solution for young students; some others argue that this statement is not so obvious, since the
implementation of a business demands investment and requires capital, capital that is not easy to obtain. This
article looks at a sample of 275 college students in Portugal and seeks to investigate if there is any relationship
of entrepreneurial intentions of university students and some variables as training areas, higher education
institutions, gender, age and family influences. To achieve this goal, a survey was carried out to college
students, trying to understand how the training schools encouraged the creation of an entrepreneurial culture,
in what extent students were motivated to entrepreneurship and what are their intents for the future. The results
demonstrate that entrepreneurial education is the basis of cultivating the entrepreneurial spirit in college
students. The training areas, the ambition of having his/her/own business, having a great idea and having
family´s history of entrepreneurial characteristics are the main causes that influence entrepreneurial intentions
in college students.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25175 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 1601
study is significant as there is a lacuna in the extant
literature which explains the reasons why young
entrepreneurs, under the age of 25, decides to take up new
ventures (Turker and Selcuk, 2009; Gelaidan and
Abdullateef, 2017). Much of the existing literature on
entrepreneurship focuses attention on adult entrepreneurs
(Gelaidan and Abdullateef, 2017). Further, studies which
focus on adult entrepreneurs have ignored the fact that the
future working environment will largely depend on the
exuberance, agility, and creativity of the youth, so the need
to study the reasons why these generations venture into
entrepreneurship is highly necessary (Henderson and
Robertson, 2000). Further, recent scholars emphasize the
need for investigating what factors are stimulating the
interest of people to become an entrepreneur (Gelaidan and
Abdullateef, 2017). In response to this the present paper
investigates the entrepreneurial intentions of
undergraduates to provide a better understanding of the
factors influencing undergraduate’s entrepreneurial
intentions. More specifically, this paper investigates the
antecedents that may explain the entrepreneurialintentions
based on extant literature, internal personality factors (i.e.
willingness to take risks, need for independence, Locus of
control) and external factors (i.e. relational support,
educational support) integrated into a conceptual model.
2. Literature review
2.1 Entrepreneurial intentions
A long tradition of research is devoted tothequestionof why
some people choose to be self-employed and start their own
businesses and others are rather inclined to seek traditional
wage or salary employment. A number of conceptualmodels
structure the various factors that affect this process [e.g.
Bygrave, 1989; Moore, 1986). Although not specifically
developed for students, they might explain their
entrepreneurial intentions as well as the intentions of any
other population (Franke and Luthje, 2004).
Entrepreneurship is an intentional activity (Henle, 2007)
and the single best predictor of entrepreneurial behavior
(Mazzarol, Volery, Doss and Thein, 1999). Extant literature
has asserted thatintentionsareanimportantconsequenceof
planned behaviour (Ajzen, 1991; Krueger, 2002;Shook etal.,
2003; Edelman et al., 2008). Entrepreneurial intention is a
reflection of the state of the mind and prompts people to
take up self-employment instead of being employed (Gerba,
2012; Karimi et al., 2016). This can be defined as the
engagement in or the intention of an individual to start a
new business (Dinis et al., 2013). Entrepreneurial intention
also relates to the behaviour and commitment of the
individual who is motivated or driven towards starting a
new venture (Gerba, 2012). According to the previous
studies people will not becomeentrepreneurs allof asudden
without certain triggers and most importantly, theintention
(Krueger, Reilly and Carsrud, 2000). The intentionisformed
at least a year in advance of the new venture creation (Henle,
2007). Further, noted that startingabusinessisnotanevent,
but a process which may take many years to involve and
come to an execution (Henle, 2007).
2.2 Factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions
Intention to start a business is driven from a propensity to
act upon opportunities and from perceptions of desirability
and feasibility (Mayuran, 2017). Several conceptual models
of entrepreneurial intentions have been developed to
identify the factors that have an impact on entrepreneurial
intention of starting a new business (Bird, 1988: Davidsson,
1997 and Autio 1997; Bolton and Lane, 2012). Much of this
literature has explored the reasons why students at
universities and other higher institutions are taking up the
challenges of entrepreneurship. Wang and Wong (2004)
studied the entrepreneurship interest of Singaporean
students based on their personal backgrounds and
discovered that gender, education level andexperiencefrom
a family business are the significant factors that explain
entrepreneurshipinterestamongthestudents(Gelaidanand
Abdullateef, 2017). Lee et al. (2005), in a cross-cultural
research of four countries, found that young university
students will go into entrepreneurship if each country can
provide customized entrepreneurship education.
Most approaches which investigates entrepreneurial
intentions distinguish between internaland externalfactors.
The discussion of internal factors that might determine
people’s career choices has been dominated by models that
strive to identify stable personality traits and attitudes
(Franke and Luthje, 2004). In studying entrepreneurship,
therefore, previous studies have focused on personality
(Sesen, 2013). Several studies investigated a number of
personality traits, such as risk-taking propensity (Hisrich
and Peters, 1995), the need forachievement(Johnson,1990)
and locus of control (Bonnett and Fuhrmann, 1991), as
factors affecting people’s aspirations to start a company.
Extant literature has established a link between
entrepreneurial intention and personality factors including
self-confidence, risk taking,locusofcontrolandachievement
needs (Turker and Selcu, 2009). Further pointed out that
Self-confidence as a determinant of intention has been
extensively discussed in other disciplines, with little focus
from the business perspective (Bolton and Lane, 2012). Key
findings from different schools of thought have clearly
shown that self-confidence is a construct that determines
students’ feelings of trust in their qualities, abilities and
judgment (Koh, 1996). Recent studies investigated models
focusing on personality traits integrating the concept of
attitude. Attitude instruments have proven to account for a
large part of variance in widely varied behavior (Ajzen and
Madden, 1986; Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). Although these
personal factors are empirically investigated, empirical
research has revealed contradictory findings about the role
of personal characteristics (Brockhaus, 1987; Robinson,
Huefner and Hunt, 1991). Therefore, these personalfactors;
risk taking, locus of control and achievement needs are
empirically investigated in the present paper in light of the
Risk Taking theory (Marshal, 1890), SocialLearningTheoryI
of Personality (Rotter, 1954) and Theory of Achievement
Motivation (Mcclelland, 1960).
Several studies have investigated the external factors
affecting the entrepreneurial intention (Gelaidan and
Abdullateef, 2017). Franke and Luthje (2004) examined
social, economic and educational and contextual variables
that may influence people’s willingness to become an
entrepreneur (i.e. image of entrepreneurs in society,
availability of funds). Certain studies identified educational
support as an external factor influencing entrepreneurial
intentions (Wilson et al., 2007; Gelaidan and Abdullateef,
2017). Educational support is defined as a set of initiatives
designed to improve national economic development
through constant investment in quality education bolstered
by an adequate number of teachers and relevant learning
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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tools (Mwoma and Pillay, 2016; Lafuente et al., 2016). When
appropriate entrepreneurship education is given, students
who take these courses will tend to develop the required
self-confidence to go into their own businesses during,
before or after their higher institution programmes
(Galloway and Brown, 2002; Gorman etal., 1997;Henderson
and Robertson, 2000). Other studies have equallyfound that
entrepreneurship education can enhance levels of self-
efficacy and help the students to express further intentions
to start their own ventures, increase their desire and inspire
them to take up new challenges (Wilson et al., 2007).
In addition to the educational support,relationalsupportisa
crucial factor in developing entrepreneurial intention.
Several studies have established that the support of family
and friends has a significant effect on entrepreneurial
intention (Henderson and Robertson, 2000; Turker and
Selcuk, 2009). This can be in the form of emotional support
and/or access to capital from friends and family (Honig and
Davidsson, 2000; Baughn et al., 2006). Although some
researchers regard entrepreneurship as behaviour that is
innate (Thompson, 1999), others believethatitisan attitude
that can be learned through education and can bestimulated
through relational support (Karimi et al., 2016; Basu and
Virick, 2008). In the extant literature empirical studies
demonstrates a significant relationship between relational
support and entrepreneurial intention (Chen and He, 2011;
Sesen, 2013; Turker and Selcuk, 2009).
Following conceptual framework has been developed based on the extant review of literature.
Figure 1: Factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of undergraduates
3. Methodology
Present study is governed by the positivistic research
philosophy and follows quantitative method. Factors
affecting entrepreneurial intentions of management
graduates who specialize in Business Administration and
Entrepreneurship was investigated to proceed towards a
conclusion by adapting the survey strategy. Complying with
the rule of thumb of Roscoe’s a sample size larger than 30
and fewer than 500 was considered appropriate in the
present study. Therefore, 183 was determinedasthesample
size. The survey focuses on undergraduates of Business
Administration and Entrepreneuship. Therefore, the unit of
analysis selected in the present study is the individual.
Following Gelaidan and Abdullateef, (2017) systematic
sampling technique was used to select the Business
Administration and Entrepreneurship undergraduates who
took entrepreneurship and small business courses.
The measurement instrument for this study is divided into
two sections. First section measuring demographic factors
and second section measuringother variables.Themeasures
for the willingness to take risk, need for independence and
locus of control the measurement were taken from a
previously validated standard questionnaireused byHisrich
and Peters (1995), Franke and Luthje, (2004) and several
authors. These were operationalized using the four items,
three items and three items respectively. Educational
support, Relational support and entrepreneurial intention
were taken form (Linen and Chen, 2009; Turker and Seluck,
2009). These were operationalized using four items, two
items and six items respectively. All continuous variables
were measured using five point Likert scale (1= strongly
disagree; 5= strongly agree).
4. Data analysis
The data was analysed by using the structural equation
modeling approach to examine the model and test the
hypothesised relationships with AMOS. Goodness of
measures was performed to testthe validity ofmeasurement
instruments, and a structural model was analysed to
empirically establish the relationships between the
constructs and testthe modelfitof the hypotheses.Construct
validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity was
assessed and assured in the preset study to ensure the
goodness of measures. Cronbach’s alpha for all the variables
were between 0.713 and 0.908, exceeding the suggested
value of 0.70 (Hair et al., 2010), thereby the reliability of the
measures used were ensured.
5. Findings
Based on the results, 42.8% of the respondents were males
while57.2% werefemales. Interms of theage,allwereunder
26 years. Only 2.7% owned small businesses before joining
university and majority did notownanybusinessbeforethey
joined university. 98.3% of the respondents reported that
they attended an entrepreneurship course.
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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The findings of this study revealed that some of the
hypotheses have positive impact on the entrepreneurship
intention while others are not supported. From the
personality factors, Need for independence has a positive
impact on entrepreneurial intention (β = 0.262, p < 0.05),
Locus of control has a positive impact on entrepreneurial
intention (β = 0.463, p < 0.05) while Willingness to take risk
does not have any impact on entrepreneurial intention (β =
0.013, p > 0.05). From the external factors both educational
support (β = 0.154, p < 0.05) and relational support (β =
0.236, p < 0.01) has a positive impact on entrepreneurial
intention. With respect to the confirmed variables, however,
the outcome has also revealed that Locus of control has the
strongest effect on a student’s entrepreneurial intention.
This study confirmed the previous empirical findings of
Gelaidan and Abdullateef, (2017), Turker and Seluck (2009)
and Baughn et al. (2006), Franke and Luthje, (2004) except
for the finding related to Willingness to take risk. It can be
reasoned out based on the argument of several scholars.Itis
stated that the empiricalresearch hasrevealed contradictory
findings about the role of personal characteristics
(Brockhaus, 1987; Robinson, Huefner and Hunt, 1991).
Generally, these differences are explained by the fact that
personality theories are intended for use across a broad
spectrum of situations and thereforemeasurerathergeneral
tendencies which makes them lose their efficacy in any
specific context. There seems to be an interactive process
between personal characteristics and the environment in
which people act (Herron and Sapienza, 1992; Naffziger et
al., 1994). Risk-taking propensity, for instance, is likely to
vary according to the entrepreneur’s specific environment
(Franke and Luthje, 2004).
6. Implications and recommendation for future
research
Entrepreneurship plays a major role in SriLanka’s economic
development (Mayuran, 2017). Particularly, lack of
entrepreneurial intentions has become a major cause for
increasing unemployment in Sri Lanka (Mayuran, 2017).
Since entrepreneurial activities of undergraduatesplaya key
role in generating employment opportunities,thefindingsof
the present study provide valuable insights for the policy
makers in order to promote the entrepreneurial intentions
among the undergraduates. Further, according to Gelaidan
and Abdullateef, (2017), this area of entrepreneurial
intentions among the undergraduates is not sufficiently
investigated. Thus, this study has important practical
implications particularly for university administrators.
It was revealed that locus of control strongly impact on
individual’s entrepreneurial intention. This implies the
importance of having training programmes for
undergraduates to build their locus of control. Through that
they can be trained to build their self-confidence,faceforthe
reality and trust on themselves. Further, the impact of
educational support suggests that universities should
incorporate more practical training programs particularly
focused on developing entrepreneurs. Having specific
degrees on entrepreneurship to teach and facilitate with the
skills and competencies required to initiate and run a
business would be vital. Particularly entrepreneurship
education needs to be incorporated to the curriculum.
Finally, the impact of relational support on entrepreneurial
intention suggests that financial, emotional and physical
support from the family and other networks plays a major
role in promoting individual’s willingness to start
businesses. Thus, it highlights the importance of providing
the required skills for undergraduates to develop
networking skills to attract such valuable supportfromtheir
family and friends to initiate their venture.
Since this study investigated only the intention of
entrepreneurship it is suggested for future researchers to
investigate the actual behavior of starting new ventures.
Further, the findings of the present study suggested that
willingness to take risk does not have any impact on
entrepreneurial intention of undergraduates. It is suggested
for future researchers to investigate why there is no impact
from willingness to take risk for entrepreneurial intention
through a qualitative study.
7. Conclusion
The findings of the study shed lights on the factors affecting
entrepreneurial intention of undergraduates.Accordingly,it
can be concluded undergraduate’s decision to start a
business in future is affected by personality factors such as
locus of control, need for achievement and external factors
such as educational and relational support. This paper
suggests the need for rethinking why undergraduatesdonot
consider their willingness to take risk when deciding
whether to start a new business. The findings of this study
are much significant as the entrepreneurial intentions
among the undergraduates have not been sufficiently
investigated, even though lack of entrepreneurial intention
among undergraduates is a pertinent issue in SriLanka.This
study has significant managerial implications particularly,
for the university administrators in redesigning their
curriculum and for the policy makers in the country to
promote entrepreneurship among the undergraduates.
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@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD25175 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 1604
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