Created by María Jesús Campos, teacher of Social Studies, Geography and History in a bilingual section in Madrid

1. María Jesús Campos
learningfromgeography.wikispaces.com

2. The Layers of the Earth
The Earh has three layers:
 The crust: a solid outer part
of the Earht’s surface. It
represents around a 1% of
the Earth.
 The mantle: it is located
under the crust. It
represents an 84% of the
Earth. It is formed by some
solid materials but mainly
by melted rocks that forms
the magma.
 The core: it is the inner
part of the Earth. It
represents a 15% of the
Earth. It has two parts: the
inner core which is
extermely hot but solid as
its materials are under high
pressures and the outer
core also very hot but
formed by melted materials.

4. The Earth’s Surface
To make investigations
easier the surface of the
Earth has been divided
up into four interconected
spheres:
 Lithosphere
 Hydrosphere
 Atmosphere
 Biosphere

5. LITHOSPHERE
 It comes from the
ancient Greek
“lithos”, stone, and
“sphaira”, sphere.
 It refers to the rocky
crust that covers the
Earth.

6. HYDROSPHERE
 It comes from the
ancient Greek
“hydro” which means
water and “sphaira”
which means sphere.
 It refers to water
on, under and over
the surface of the
Earth.

7. ATMOSPHERE
 It comes from the
ancient Greek “atmo”
which means air and
“sphaira” which
means sphere.
 It refers to the body
of air which
surrounds the Earth.
These layers of gases
are retained by the
Earth’s gravity.

8. BIOSPHERE
 It comes from the
ancient Greek “bio” which
means life and “sphaira”
which means sphere.
 It is formed by all living
organisms:
animals, plants and
microbes. It is the global
sum of the ecosystems.
 An ecosystem is a
community of living
organisms interacting
with their environment
(air, water, soil…)

9.  It is the branch of
Geography that
focuses on the
study of the
activities that take
place in the
lithosphere, the
hydrosphere, the
atmosphere and
the biosphere of
the Earth.

10. Developed by María Jesús Campos
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