This document provides design requirements for fire pump rooms, including considerations for workplace health and safety, ventilation, power supplies, and ensuring a safe working environment. It references relevant Australian standards and building codes. Key requirements outlined include independent access for firefighters, minimum room dimensions, clearance around pumps, drainage, ventilation, and identification of piping in accordance with standards. Designers must consider all codes and standards to address system requirements and avoid delays.
Fire Protection Systems – Components (Residential & Commercial Buildings)SSudhaVelan
This document provides information on components, specifications, and installation rates for fire protection systems. It lists various types of pipes, valves, pumps, detectors, panels, and other equipment used in residential and commercial fire protection, along with their technical details and price per unit. The components range from basic items like pipes and valves to more advanced systems like addressable detectors, public address systems, and voice evacuation equipment.
- Introduction to Fire Fighting
- Fire Systems Classification
- Fire Protection Systems
- Fire Fighting Systems Control
- A Brief history about Firefighting
- History of Fire Sprinkler Systems
- History of Fire Detection
- Fire pumps are centrifugal pumps selected to operate between 90-140% of rated capacity and less than 150% to avoid overpressure.
- Pump rooms require 1-hour fire rated separation, emergency lighting, ventilation, and drainage.
- Suction and discharge piping must be sized properly and have the correct fittings like gauges, valves, and relief valves. Jockey pumps maintain system pressure.
- Electric and diesel fire pump controllers prioritize system operation over equipment protection to ensure reliable fire suppression.
This document summarizes different types of fire sprinkler systems and their components. It discusses how sprinklers work to suppress fires, noting that individual sprinkler heads activate independently when heated to a certain temperature by a fire. The document outlines the key components of sprinkler systems, including sprinkler heads, piping, a water source, and typically an alarm and control valves. It also summarizes different types of sprinkler systems like wet pipe, dry pipe, deluge, and pre-action systems and how they differ in components and fire detection/suppression operation.
This document discusses fire pump system design according to NFPA 20 standards. It provides information on the purpose of fire pumps, acceptable pump types, sizing requirements, accessories, and operation. Fire pumps are designed to supply adequate water for sprinkler or standpipe systems by automatically starting when pressure drops and operating at 150% of rated capacity and 65% of rated head. Acceptable pump types include horizontal split case, vertical in-line, end suction, and vertical turbine configurations.
DETECTORS
Thermal detectors thermal detectors are temperature-activated sensors to initiate an alarm.
Fixed-temperature type
Rate-of-rise (ror) type
Combination type
Smoke detector it is a device that senses smoke. They are quicker to respond than thermal detectors.
Photoelectric type
Ionization type
Flame detector It is used to detect the direct radiation of a flame in the visible,infrared, and ultraviolet ranges of the spectrum.
Infrared detector
Ultraviolet detector
Photoelectric detector
Flame flicker detector
Basic training water based fire protectionSabrul Jamil
This document provides an introduction and overview of various water-based fire protection systems, including standpipe systems, wet pipe sprinkler systems, dry pipe sprinkler systems, deluge sprinkler systems, and pre-action sprinkler systems. It defines key terminology, describes common system components, and explains the purpose and function of different sprinkler head types and special application nozzles. Standards for installation and maintenance are also referenced.
This document discusses mechanical ventilation systems for underground car parks. It describes the goals and types of such systems, including ducted and ductless options. Ductless systems are preferred due to lower costs and better smoke control. Key components of ductless systems include axial and jet fans, sensors, and control panels. Placement of fans and sensors is important to optimize air flow and smoke control. Computational fluid dynamics analysis can help determine the optimal configuration. Safety standards specify requirements for air changes per hour and contaminant level thresholds. The control sequence manages fans and jet fans based on sensor readings. High temperature rated products are needed, and bills of quantities are prepared based on national building code specifications.
Fire Protection Systems – Components (Residential & Commercial Buildings)SSudhaVelan
This document provides information on components, specifications, and installation rates for fire protection systems. It lists various types of pipes, valves, pumps, detectors, panels, and other equipment used in residential and commercial fire protection, along with their technical details and price per unit. The components range from basic items like pipes and valves to more advanced systems like addressable detectors, public address systems, and voice evacuation equipment.
- Introduction to Fire Fighting
- Fire Systems Classification
- Fire Protection Systems
- Fire Fighting Systems Control
- A Brief history about Firefighting
- History of Fire Sprinkler Systems
- History of Fire Detection
- Fire pumps are centrifugal pumps selected to operate between 90-140% of rated capacity and less than 150% to avoid overpressure.
- Pump rooms require 1-hour fire rated separation, emergency lighting, ventilation, and drainage.
- Suction and discharge piping must be sized properly and have the correct fittings like gauges, valves, and relief valves. Jockey pumps maintain system pressure.
- Electric and diesel fire pump controllers prioritize system operation over equipment protection to ensure reliable fire suppression.
This document summarizes different types of fire sprinkler systems and their components. It discusses how sprinklers work to suppress fires, noting that individual sprinkler heads activate independently when heated to a certain temperature by a fire. The document outlines the key components of sprinkler systems, including sprinkler heads, piping, a water source, and typically an alarm and control valves. It also summarizes different types of sprinkler systems like wet pipe, dry pipe, deluge, and pre-action systems and how they differ in components and fire detection/suppression operation.
This document discusses fire pump system design according to NFPA 20 standards. It provides information on the purpose of fire pumps, acceptable pump types, sizing requirements, accessories, and operation. Fire pumps are designed to supply adequate water for sprinkler or standpipe systems by automatically starting when pressure drops and operating at 150% of rated capacity and 65% of rated head. Acceptable pump types include horizontal split case, vertical in-line, end suction, and vertical turbine configurations.
DETECTORS
Thermal detectors thermal detectors are temperature-activated sensors to initiate an alarm.
Fixed-temperature type
Rate-of-rise (ror) type
Combination type
Smoke detector it is a device that senses smoke. They are quicker to respond than thermal detectors.
Photoelectric type
Ionization type
Flame detector It is used to detect the direct radiation of a flame in the visible,infrared, and ultraviolet ranges of the spectrum.
Infrared detector
Ultraviolet detector
Photoelectric detector
Flame flicker detector
Basic training water based fire protectionSabrul Jamil
This document provides an introduction and overview of various water-based fire protection systems, including standpipe systems, wet pipe sprinkler systems, dry pipe sprinkler systems, deluge sprinkler systems, and pre-action sprinkler systems. It defines key terminology, describes common system components, and explains the purpose and function of different sprinkler head types and special application nozzles. Standards for installation and maintenance are also referenced.
This document discusses mechanical ventilation systems for underground car parks. It describes the goals and types of such systems, including ducted and ductless options. Ductless systems are preferred due to lower costs and better smoke control. Key components of ductless systems include axial and jet fans, sensors, and control panels. Placement of fans and sensors is important to optimize air flow and smoke control. Computational fluid dynamics analysis can help determine the optimal configuration. Safety standards specify requirements for air changes per hour and contaminant level thresholds. The control sequence manages fans and jet fans based on sensor readings. High temperature rated products are needed, and bills of quantities are prepared based on national building code specifications.
Wet and dry chemical fire extinguishing systems provide alternatives to water-based systems. Wet systems use water-based proprietary agents while dry systems use pressurized gas to distribute solid particle agents. Both systems undergo acceptance testing upon installation and periodic inspection, testing, and maintenance is required to ensure proper operation. Major components include agent storage containers, expelling gas cartridges, piping and fittings, nozzles, and activation devices.
The document provides an overview of different types of fire fighting systems, including water-based and gas-based automatic and manual systems. It discusses components and procedures for common water-based automatic sprinkler systems like wet pipe, dry pipe, pre-action, and deluge systems. It also covers water-based manual firefighting systems and gas-based automatic and manual fire suppression systems. Diagrams and case studies are provided to illustrate key concepts and system configurations.
This presentation includes definition, causes, types of fire extinguishers, types of fire component system, NBC regulations, types of sprinklers, fire escapes , Building Planning Consideration for fire prevention, how to escape the fire, capacity of exits, occupants per unit exit width, travel distance, and calculations.
This document discusses fire prevention and control systems. It defines fire prevention and control systems as protecting an area from fire based on its risks. Both passive and active systems are covered, including building design, portable extinguishers, alarm detection, hose reels, hydrants, automatic extinguishers like sprinklers, and smoke extraction/ventilation. Details are provided on types, installation, and operation of these various fire prevention and control components.
This document summarizes different types of automatic fire sprinkler systems. It describes wet pipe, dry pipe, pre-action, and deluge systems, explaining their components, design concepts, and applications. The document emphasizes that sprinkler systems are effective for both property protection and life safety when fires occur. Regular inspection, testing and maintenance are required to ensure systems function properly.
1. Sprinkler system Type
WET PIPE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
DRY PIPE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
PRE-ACTION SYSTEM
DELUGE SYSTEM
WET PIPE ANTI FREEZE SYSTEM
FOAM WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEM
2. Sprinkler Selection
For COMPLETE PREMIUM BOOK PLZZ
Check out my product on Instamojo:https://www.instamojo.com/ezazsidd1993/fire-fighting-a-complete-handbook/
Being one of the oldest but yet the most effective and common fire fighting solution, a well designed and a well laid out Hydrant System forms the backbone of the entire fire fighting system. It comprises of heavy duty above & underground piping with accessories. External and Fire Escape Hydrant valves are provided at every strategic location. A fire hydrant is a pipe that allows water to flow from a water main with the control of a valve in order to put out a fire.
The document discusses fire protection systems. It covers types of fires and fire extinguishers, fire detection equipment, fire suppression systems like sprinklers and standpipes, and safety measures. It provides details on different classes of fires and types of extinguishers like water, powder, foam, CO2, and wet chemical. It also covers fire detection, alarm systems, pumps, and features of sprinkler, dry riser, and wet riser systems. Training and maintenance of these systems is important for fire safety.
The document discusses various topics related to firefighting water systems including:
1. Types of sprinkler systems such as wet, dry, pre-action, deluge, and anti-freeze systems. It also discusses standpipe systems.
2. Components of sprinkler systems such as tanks, pumps, control valves, and sprinkler heads.
3. Characteristics of sprinkler systems such as temperature ratings, K-factors, installation orientations, and sprinkler response types.
National fire codes and standards from NFPA that relate to sprinkler system design and installation are also referenced.
Pressurisation Systems in residential and commercial buildings
Pressurisation Systems CPD
Approved Document B to the Building Regulations requires smoke ventilation to escape stairs and, under some circumstances, common lobbies and/or corridors in residential buildings. Pressurisation is one way of meeting this requirement.
This seminar covers:
An explanation of the basic legislative requirements and how these are achieved
The various design approaches
Specifying the equipment
Life Safety Code: NFPA 101, IFC 2015 & OSHA Subpart E Antea Group
An overview from Antea Group on the purpose and application of Life Safety Code, as well as a deep dive into relevant regulations NFPA 101, IFC 2015, and OSHA Subpart E. For more information, visit http://us.anteagroup.com/en-us/services/health-and-safety.
The document discusses requirements for mechanical ventilation and smoke control systems. Some key points:
1) Ductwork must be constructed of approved materials and adequately supported. Insulation for associated pipework must have a flame spread rating of Class 1 or Class 0.
2) Air intake and exhaust openings must be located at least 5m from each other. Smoke detectors are required in some air return streams.
3) Protected exit shafts and smoke lobbies cannot contain ductwork. Ventilation for exit staircases must be supply-only and independent of other systems.
The document provides information on fire protection systems. It discusses the causes and types of fires, as well as the fire triangle concept involving oxygen, heat, fuel and chemical reaction. It also covers fire hazards, protection, prevention methods like inspections and detection systems. Fire fighting equipment like standpipes, sprinklers, alarms and different types of fire extinguishers are explained.
Fire safety-in-high-rise-apartment-buildingsFerit Fazliu
This document summarizes fire safety issues in high-rise apartment buildings. It identifies that while fire history does not demonstrate a major problem, high-rise buildings represent a potential for major fire and loss of life due to their size. Key risks include smoke spread through vertical pathways, lack of sprinklers, and difficulties for occupants and firefighters during evacuation and fire response. The document outlines several historic Canadian high-rise fires to illustrate these issues and risks. It also identifies unique fire safety challenges in high-rises related to egress systems, fire department access, natural forces, occupant/fuel density, and vertical utility pathways.
The document provides information on cold water supply systems for high-rise buildings. It discusses pneumatic cylinder systems that use compressed air to pump water to upper floors. It also covers common pipe materials like copper, plastic, cast iron and their properties. Finally, it discusses sizing of cold water pipes, sanitary appliances, and accessibility features for disabled people like grab bars and lever taps.
This document provides an overview of fire protection systems for buildings. It discusses the science of fire and the four main classes of fire. It then describes various active fire protection methods like fire detection, sprinkler systems, and firefighting water storage. It provides details on internal firefighting systems for residences and industries. Common fire suppression systems for different hazards are also outlined, including sprinklers, foam, dry chemical powder, and carbon dioxide systems.
The document discusses fire protection systems for aircraft. It describes the four classes of fires based on the type of fuel (A-D) and appropriate extinguishing agents for each class. It also outlines various fire detection systems, including thermo-switch, thermocouple, Fenwal, and pneumatic systems. Fire extinguishing agents work by displacing oxygen or chemically combining with oxygen to prevent combustion. Common agents are carbon dioxide, freon, halon 1301, and nitrogen. Fire extinguishing systems can be conventional or high rate discharge, with the latter utilizing compressed gases or liquids under high pressure.
The document discusses natural gas processing and distribution. It describes how natural gas is formed underground from decomposing organic matter over millions of years. It then discusses how raw natural gas is processed by removing impurities before being distributed through pipelines to end users. The distribution process involves transporting gas through local pipelines at lower pressures to individual consumers. Safety measures are emphasized throughout the distribution process. Biogas is also discussed as a renewable energy that can be produced from organic waste and used similarly to natural gas.
1 . Piping
2. Tank Design
3. Standpipe System
4. Pump Selection & Types
For Complete FIREFIGHTING Presentation
Check out my product on Instamojo:https://www.instamojo.com/ezazsidd1993/fire-fighting-a-complete-handbook/
This document provides guidelines for the installation and maintenance of fire fighting pumps according to an Indian standard. It discusses key considerations for pump houses such as adequate ventilation and accessibility. It also covers pump arrangements and layout requirements within pump houses. Guidelines are provided for the installation of fire pumps, including pump capacities, foundations, suction pipes, and priming arrangements. Maintenance of pumps is important to ensure they are in working condition during emergencies.
This document provides specifications for renovating and upgrading two dust extraction systems. Key points include:
- The systems will include bag filters, cyclones, centrifugal fans, ducting, and other components to collect dust from machinery and exhaust clean air.
- The bag filters must be capable of handling 20,000 cubic meters per hour and have components like filter bags, manifolds, and pulse valves.
- The ducting design must meet standards for materials, supports, and velocities to efficiently convey dust to the filtration equipment.
- The upgraded systems must limit worker exposure to respirable dust and ensure stack emissions do not exceed regulatory limits.
Wet and dry chemical fire extinguishing systems provide alternatives to water-based systems. Wet systems use water-based proprietary agents while dry systems use pressurized gas to distribute solid particle agents. Both systems undergo acceptance testing upon installation and periodic inspection, testing, and maintenance is required to ensure proper operation. Major components include agent storage containers, expelling gas cartridges, piping and fittings, nozzles, and activation devices.
The document provides an overview of different types of fire fighting systems, including water-based and gas-based automatic and manual systems. It discusses components and procedures for common water-based automatic sprinkler systems like wet pipe, dry pipe, pre-action, and deluge systems. It also covers water-based manual firefighting systems and gas-based automatic and manual fire suppression systems. Diagrams and case studies are provided to illustrate key concepts and system configurations.
This presentation includes definition, causes, types of fire extinguishers, types of fire component system, NBC regulations, types of sprinklers, fire escapes , Building Planning Consideration for fire prevention, how to escape the fire, capacity of exits, occupants per unit exit width, travel distance, and calculations.
This document discusses fire prevention and control systems. It defines fire prevention and control systems as protecting an area from fire based on its risks. Both passive and active systems are covered, including building design, portable extinguishers, alarm detection, hose reels, hydrants, automatic extinguishers like sprinklers, and smoke extraction/ventilation. Details are provided on types, installation, and operation of these various fire prevention and control components.
This document summarizes different types of automatic fire sprinkler systems. It describes wet pipe, dry pipe, pre-action, and deluge systems, explaining their components, design concepts, and applications. The document emphasizes that sprinkler systems are effective for both property protection and life safety when fires occur. Regular inspection, testing and maintenance are required to ensure systems function properly.
1. Sprinkler system Type
WET PIPE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
DRY PIPE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
PRE-ACTION SYSTEM
DELUGE SYSTEM
WET PIPE ANTI FREEZE SYSTEM
FOAM WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEM
2. Sprinkler Selection
For COMPLETE PREMIUM BOOK PLZZ
Check out my product on Instamojo:https://www.instamojo.com/ezazsidd1993/fire-fighting-a-complete-handbook/
Being one of the oldest but yet the most effective and common fire fighting solution, a well designed and a well laid out Hydrant System forms the backbone of the entire fire fighting system. It comprises of heavy duty above & underground piping with accessories. External and Fire Escape Hydrant valves are provided at every strategic location. A fire hydrant is a pipe that allows water to flow from a water main with the control of a valve in order to put out a fire.
The document discusses fire protection systems. It covers types of fires and fire extinguishers, fire detection equipment, fire suppression systems like sprinklers and standpipes, and safety measures. It provides details on different classes of fires and types of extinguishers like water, powder, foam, CO2, and wet chemical. It also covers fire detection, alarm systems, pumps, and features of sprinkler, dry riser, and wet riser systems. Training and maintenance of these systems is important for fire safety.
The document discusses various topics related to firefighting water systems including:
1. Types of sprinkler systems such as wet, dry, pre-action, deluge, and anti-freeze systems. It also discusses standpipe systems.
2. Components of sprinkler systems such as tanks, pumps, control valves, and sprinkler heads.
3. Characteristics of sprinkler systems such as temperature ratings, K-factors, installation orientations, and sprinkler response types.
National fire codes and standards from NFPA that relate to sprinkler system design and installation are also referenced.
Pressurisation Systems in residential and commercial buildings
Pressurisation Systems CPD
Approved Document B to the Building Regulations requires smoke ventilation to escape stairs and, under some circumstances, common lobbies and/or corridors in residential buildings. Pressurisation is one way of meeting this requirement.
This seminar covers:
An explanation of the basic legislative requirements and how these are achieved
The various design approaches
Specifying the equipment
Life Safety Code: NFPA 101, IFC 2015 & OSHA Subpart E Antea Group
An overview from Antea Group on the purpose and application of Life Safety Code, as well as a deep dive into relevant regulations NFPA 101, IFC 2015, and OSHA Subpart E. For more information, visit http://us.anteagroup.com/en-us/services/health-and-safety.
The document discusses requirements for mechanical ventilation and smoke control systems. Some key points:
1) Ductwork must be constructed of approved materials and adequately supported. Insulation for associated pipework must have a flame spread rating of Class 1 or Class 0.
2) Air intake and exhaust openings must be located at least 5m from each other. Smoke detectors are required in some air return streams.
3) Protected exit shafts and smoke lobbies cannot contain ductwork. Ventilation for exit staircases must be supply-only and independent of other systems.
The document provides information on fire protection systems. It discusses the causes and types of fires, as well as the fire triangle concept involving oxygen, heat, fuel and chemical reaction. It also covers fire hazards, protection, prevention methods like inspections and detection systems. Fire fighting equipment like standpipes, sprinklers, alarms and different types of fire extinguishers are explained.
Fire safety-in-high-rise-apartment-buildingsFerit Fazliu
This document summarizes fire safety issues in high-rise apartment buildings. It identifies that while fire history does not demonstrate a major problem, high-rise buildings represent a potential for major fire and loss of life due to their size. Key risks include smoke spread through vertical pathways, lack of sprinklers, and difficulties for occupants and firefighters during evacuation and fire response. The document outlines several historic Canadian high-rise fires to illustrate these issues and risks. It also identifies unique fire safety challenges in high-rises related to egress systems, fire department access, natural forces, occupant/fuel density, and vertical utility pathways.
The document provides information on cold water supply systems for high-rise buildings. It discusses pneumatic cylinder systems that use compressed air to pump water to upper floors. It also covers common pipe materials like copper, plastic, cast iron and their properties. Finally, it discusses sizing of cold water pipes, sanitary appliances, and accessibility features for disabled people like grab bars and lever taps.
This document provides an overview of fire protection systems for buildings. It discusses the science of fire and the four main classes of fire. It then describes various active fire protection methods like fire detection, sprinkler systems, and firefighting water storage. It provides details on internal firefighting systems for residences and industries. Common fire suppression systems for different hazards are also outlined, including sprinklers, foam, dry chemical powder, and carbon dioxide systems.
The document discusses fire protection systems for aircraft. It describes the four classes of fires based on the type of fuel (A-D) and appropriate extinguishing agents for each class. It also outlines various fire detection systems, including thermo-switch, thermocouple, Fenwal, and pneumatic systems. Fire extinguishing agents work by displacing oxygen or chemically combining with oxygen to prevent combustion. Common agents are carbon dioxide, freon, halon 1301, and nitrogen. Fire extinguishing systems can be conventional or high rate discharge, with the latter utilizing compressed gases or liquids under high pressure.
The document discusses natural gas processing and distribution. It describes how natural gas is formed underground from decomposing organic matter over millions of years. It then discusses how raw natural gas is processed by removing impurities before being distributed through pipelines to end users. The distribution process involves transporting gas through local pipelines at lower pressures to individual consumers. Safety measures are emphasized throughout the distribution process. Biogas is also discussed as a renewable energy that can be produced from organic waste and used similarly to natural gas.
1 . Piping
2. Tank Design
3. Standpipe System
4. Pump Selection & Types
For Complete FIREFIGHTING Presentation
Check out my product on Instamojo:https://www.instamojo.com/ezazsidd1993/fire-fighting-a-complete-handbook/
This document provides guidelines for the installation and maintenance of fire fighting pumps according to an Indian standard. It discusses key considerations for pump houses such as adequate ventilation and accessibility. It also covers pump arrangements and layout requirements within pump houses. Guidelines are provided for the installation of fire pumps, including pump capacities, foundations, suction pipes, and priming arrangements. Maintenance of pumps is important to ensure they are in working condition during emergencies.
This document provides specifications for renovating and upgrading two dust extraction systems. Key points include:
- The systems will include bag filters, cyclones, centrifugal fans, ducting, and other components to collect dust from machinery and exhaust clean air.
- The bag filters must be capable of handling 20,000 cubic meters per hour and have components like filter bags, manifolds, and pulse valves.
- The ducting design must meet standards for materials, supports, and velocities to efficiently convey dust to the filtration equipment.
- The upgraded systems must limit worker exposure to respirable dust and ensure stack emissions do not exceed regulatory limits.
This document discusses and compares different HVAC system types for buildings including cold water systems, VRF systems, and package units. It provides details on system components, installation considerations, costs, energy efficiency, and maintenance requirements. Key points covered include that cold water systems have higher costs in Israel but longer lifespans, VRF systems are less costly but need space for outdoor units, and package units require ductwork to transport air to and from indoor units. Heat pump and heat recovery systems are also discussed.
Prima Smooth flue system installation instructionsSchiedel UK
Brochure from Schiedel. This forms part of our flue and chimney range and can be used with acknowledgement to Schiedel Chimney Systems Ltd. as well as a link to the original source at www.schiedel.com/uk
Schiedel's chimney flue range includes flue systems for residential and commercial applications. A typical flue installation includes steel chimney pipe or mineral pipe or module components from the heat source appliance (a stove, biomass or gas appliance for example) to it's termination point above the roof. Support is required for internal and external chimney systems.
Schiedel specialise in wood burning appliances and flues, which are a renewable way of avoiding constant gas or electricity usage when looking at a secondary heat source. Even heat pumps are problematic with severe temperature drops, so a secondary source is always needed.
This document provides guidelines for developers regarding drainage design and procedures for building permit applications in Qatar. It outlines the requirements for foul sewerage systems, including house connections, manholes, pipe materials and minimum sizes. Criteria are given for septic tanks, holding tanks, soakaways and other drainage elements. Procedures are described for applying for building permits, including the information required for drainage approval. Appendices provide standard drawings, design flow values and application forms.
This document discusses safety in the petroleum industry. It describes how petroleum products are classified based on their flash points and defines hazardous and non-hazardous areas. It also discusses processes for identifying hazards like HAZOP and HAZAN. The majority of the document focuses on fire protection facilities and systems for petroleum installations, including requirements for fire water systems, pumps, storage, hydrants and monitors. It provides design criteria and guidelines for fire protection facilities to minimize risk in the petroleum industry.
The document provides information about two projects:
1) The SOLARIS project which involved upgrading the ACMV and chilled water distribution systems for two office towers. Key aspects included installing VAV terminals, a BMS, and optimizing the chilled water pump speeds to reduce energy usage.
2) The Raffles City project which involved replacing the kitchen exhaust system in a shopping mall. This included installing new centrifugal fans, vibration monitoring, and ductwork upgrades to improve system performance.
This document provides standards for piping design, layout, and stress analysis. It covers topics such as design and layout considerations including numbering systems, safety, clearance, pipe routing, valves, equipment piping, and stress analysis criteria. The standards are intended to replace individual company specifications and be used in existing and future offshore oil and gas developments. It references other NORSOK and international standards and does not cover all instrument control piping, risers, sanitary piping, or GRP piping.
This document provides specifications and requirements for dental medical gas and vacuum systems. It specifies that drainage from spittoons and separators must be connected to traps leading to the foul drain. It recommends copper piping for systems with more than 2-3 dental chairs, and notes fire safety precautions if using alternative materials. The document also provides requirements for siting compressors and dryers in a ventilated room between 10-15 degrees Celsius, as well as specifications for vacuum piping materials, plant ventilation, and electrical earthing of pipelines.
Prima Plus flue system installation instructionsSchiedel UK
Brochure from Schiedel. This forms part of our flue and chimney range and can be used with acknowledgement to Schiedel Chimney Systems Ltd. as well as a link to the original source at www.schiedel.com/uk
Schiedel's chimney flue range includes flue systems for residential and commercial applications. A typical flue installation includes steel chimney pipe or mineral pipe or module components from the heat source appliance (a stove, biomass or gas appliance for example) to it's termination point above the roof. Support is required for internal and external chimney systems.
Schiedel specialise in wood burning appliances and flues, which are a renewable way of avoiding constant gas or electricity usage when looking at a secondary heat source. Even heat pumps are problematic with severe temperature drops, so a secondary source is always needed.
The document describes Amcorp Mall, which contains three key areas: 1) main commercial areas, 2) two office towers, and 3) Amcorp Mall Service Suites. It discusses the centralized mechanical and air conditioning system used in the relatively small mall building. Issues with the current ventilation system are identified, such as a lack of openings and potential for harmful pollutants to accumulate in the parking garage. Recommendations are made to replace the conventional system with impulse ventilation for improved efficiency and cost savings.
The document discusses Amcorp Mall and provides details about its mechanical and air conditioning systems. It notes that Amcorp Mall has a centralized ventilation system using chillers, condenser pumps, and diffusers to control temperature. The carpark uses mechanical ventilation with air vents and ducting to address vehicle emissions. Fire protection systems including alarms, detectors, sprinklers and other active and passive methods are also outlined. Issues with the current ventilation system and recommendations to replace it with an impulse ventilation system are provided to address problems like poor air flow and unpleasant odors.
This document provides guidance on general boiler operations, with a focus on initial commissioning operations. It discusses key considerations for operator training and equipment preparation prior to startup. The document outlines a systematic approach for boiler startup, including inspection, cleaning, testing, and adjustments. Fundamental operating principles like combustion safety and steam/water cooling requirements are also covered. The goal is to safely optimize equipment performance and reliability.
Gas Installation Guidelines for Designers and Builders - Domestic SitesGas Networks Ireland
1. This document provides guidelines for designers and builders on installing gas meters and pipes for domestic sites connecting to the natural gas network.
2. It outlines permitted locations for gas meters, such as externally above the damp proof course and at least 300mm from the property wall. Internal meter locations are allowed only if external options are not possible and gas pressure is below 100mbar.
3. Trench requirements are specified for gas mains and connection pipes, including minimum depths, widths, and 150mm sand surround. Safety procedures are also outlined, such as not using excavators within 1m of gas pipes.
MTC Well Test Equipment - Worldwide Oilfield Machinewomgroup
WOM's Magnum Technology Center’s (MTC) Trailer-Mounted Test Package offers a completely configurable design on a compact and trailer system which contains both testing equipment and operating facilities.
Debris / Junk Catcher Manifold is designed to remove drilling, formation and proppant based debris / junk from the wellbore fluids to minimize the potential damage.
An explanation of the basic legislative requirements and how these are achieved using impulse ventilation
Application of impulse ventilation, both for carbon monoxide and for smoke clearance or smoke control
The advantages of impulse ventilation over traditional ducted extract systems
Use of CFD
Control systems used: carbon monoxide and heat detection systems
How impulse ventilation can be used to control smoke movement, allowing smoke control to be used, as part of a fire strategy, to compensate for the relaxation of other legislative requirements, e.g. travel distances
A case history of a particular project where travel distances were relaxed using impulse ventilation designed for smoke control
An explanation of how this project was validated using CFD and live fire tests
OISD-STD-117 Fire Protection Facilities for Petroleum Depots, Terminals, Pipe...AnupamaPanoli
The document outlines standards for fire protection facilities at petroleum depots, terminals, and pipeline installations in India. It discusses requirements for fire water systems, foam systems, control room protection, firefighting equipment, alarm systems, and organization of fire safety resources. The standards aim to minimize loss of life and property from fire through rapid containment and extinguishment. Requirements include fixed water spray and foam systems for large storage tanks, monitors and hydrants in hazardous areas, and clean agent systems for control rooms.
The document discusses the important preparations needed for the initial startup of a new chemical process plant. It emphasizes that proper planning, including developing a schedule and ensuring the right personnel are in place, is critical. The key activities that must be completed before startup include commissioning utilities, thoroughly cleaning and inspecting all equipment and piping using various methods like flushing, blowing and chemical cleaning, and performing functional tests. Completing these preparatory steps successfully is essential for ensuring a smooth startup of the new plant.
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
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1. 1
THE DESIGN OF FIRE PUMP ROOMS – V2
Fire and Security Consulting Services (FSCS) is frequently consulted on the design requirements for
fire pump rooms. FCSC considers that the current expertise from both services Consultants and
Contractors leaves a lot to be desired compared with times past.
Accordingly this paper is structured to provide the necessary design requirements including attention to
Workplace Health and Safety, ventilation, power supplies, safety etc to ensure that the fire pump room
is a safe working environment for persons carrying out testing, commissioning and general
maintenance.
Previously the design requirements together with information on water supplies was published as
“Water Supplies for Fire Services – V3” This is now published separately as Version V4 with the fire
pump section deleted and now published in this paper.
1 - BUILDING CODE OF AUSTRALIA
The BCA forms the prescriptive and performance requirements for fire services in a building and
advises that if a design meets the Performance Requirements, then the prescriptive or “Deemed to
Satisfy” (DtS) requirements are met.
The BCA references a number of Australian Standards, the relevant ones for this paper are listed
below. The design of the fire pump rooms and the provision for space and facilities therein is based on
these Standards with the Hydraulic, Mechanical and Electrical Consultants being responsible for the
relevant design features.
Where there are no design consultants, such as for a Design and Construct project, then the main
contractor has the responsibility to meet the legislated Codes and Standards.
This paper, based on many years’ of observations, is formulated to provide advice to Clients,
Developers, Architects, Certifiers, Consulting Engineers, QFES Building Approval Officers and Builders
so that at the building approval stage, time delays, cost overruns and subsequent “finger pointing” is
avoided. A building design that does not address the system requirements can result in significant cost
and time overruns.
2 - AUSTRALIAN STANDARDS
The Australian Standards related to the fire services design include the following. These Standards
contain critical design data that the Architect or Consultant must make provision for. :-
• AS2118.1 – Automatic fire sprinkler systems. Part 1: General requirements.
• AS2419.1 – Fire hydrant installations. Part 1: System design, installation and commissioning.
• AS 2941 – Fixed fire protection installations – Pumpset systems.
3 – THE PUMP ROOM
AS2419.1 (Fire hydrant installations) and AS2941 (Fixed fire protection pumpset systems) provide
details on the requirements for pump rooms. AS2419.1 also has a mandatory requirement for a
weatherproof pump room.
FSCS is of the opinion that these should be seen as guidelines only and that the appropriate designers
and Consultants should apply the necessary Codes and Standards in terms of the environmental
conditions considering that the pump room is a working environment and Occupational Safety and
Health Regulations apply.
In addition to the AS2419.1 and AS2941 requirements referenced above, QFES have published
additional guidelines for fire service pump enclosures which and tanks at:-
https://www.fire.qld.gov.au/buildingsafety/guidelines.asp
FIRE AND SECURITY
CONSULTINGSERVICES
http://fscs-techtalk.com
17 McKenna Court
NOOSAVILLE
QUEENSLAND, 4566
AUSTRALIA
Phone: +61 (0)7 5455 5148, Mobile: 0409 399 190, Email: rafoster@bigpond.net.au
2. 2
Access and Spatial Requirements
There are a number of critical spatial and access requirements for pump room as below and the
following should be achieved:-
Where fire pump rooms are located at grade outside the building being serviced, they are
required to be located a minimum 10m from the building ,otherwise, if closer, they are required
to be of fire resistant construction in respect to fire spread from the building.
Where fire pump rooms are located at grade outside the building being serviced, they are
required to provide access by maintenance staff and fire fighters who will operate the pumps in
a fire situation. Internal services and features as described below for internal pump rooms are
required with the exception that natural ventilation may be used if properly designed.
Independent access for the Fire Brigade directly from the outside of the building is required.
Should independent access not be feasible, access from a basement car park via the required
egress stair may be acceptable subject to an Alternative Solution being formulated. In that case
a stair lobby would be required in the basement typically as shown in Figure 2 below from a
recent FSCS design accommodating hydrant and sprinkler pumps and sprinkler tanks. Note
that Figure 2 also shows the following features that are required.
The required FRLs bounding the pump room are required to be addressed in respect to
compliance with the Building Code if Australia.
Where fire pump rooms are constructed as part of an overall building, they are usually located
in basement car parks; accordingly a construction access door from the car park is required.
FSCS has frequently seen pump rooms constructed where the only way to install the fire
pumps is to dismantle them, take each part down the stairs and then reassemble. This process
is very costly because after reassembly the factory test certificate may be void and an on site
test carried out. Later, if and when pump replacement is contemplated, the reverse has to be
carried out.
Space for the fire pumps. Typical fire pump sets are approximately 2.0m long x 1.0m wide
(including pump starter panels). Space for the access door opening in at 1.0m x 1.0m and
space for ancillary equipment is also required. Atypical pump room with two sprinkler and one
hydrant booster pumps, the minimum dimensions would be in the order of ~4.0m x ~3.5m x
2.5m in height. This will provide for the required clearance around the pump and the 2.1m
headroom.
QFES have published guidelines for fire service pump enclosures as follows:-
Fire pump enclosures require a minimum of:
• 2.1 metres head clearance.
• 1 metre wide, clear path of travel to the fire pump controller.
• 1 metre wide, clear path of travel to the manual shut-down for diesel drivers.
• 1 metre wide, clear path of travel to all other required control valves.
These minimum requirements are supported by:
• Building Code of Australia 2009 (Part E1).
• Australian Standard 2941-2008 (Section 11, Clause 11.3).
Australian Standard 2419.1-2005 (Clause 6.4; Sub-Clause 6.4.1)
A preferred separate space for the tank(s). It is important to understand that the fire pumps and
water tanks are on the same level. In one building that FSCS was asked to investigate, the
tank had been constructed beneath the fire pump room, in this case the pumps would not
function.
Space for a jockey (pressure maintenance) pump of approximately 1.0m long x 0.75m deep for
each of the sprinkler and hydrant systems.
3. 3
General design considerations
Fire pumps cannot be stopped automatically. Only the stop functions on the starters, or in the
case of a diesel pump, the governor shut off.
Each pumpset shall be fitted with a circulation relief valve to prevent overheating from churning
at low or no flow.
Restrictions in the pump suction piping such as butterfly valves are not permitted. This is
consistent with NFPA20 and FM Global requirements.
Flow testing arrangement so that each sprinkler pump (not hydrant pumps) can be tested to
140% of their design flow. The arrangement may be separate for each pump or combined, with
suitable valving, shared between two or more pumps.
FSCS recommends that a permanent installation of flow testing be incorporated with the initial
installation. The preferred equipment is the “Rosemount Eagle Eye” annubar and meter as
shown in Figure 1 below.
Figure 1 – ‘Eagle Eye” flow measurement fitted to tank return pipe
Three types of meters are available: - (a) directly mounted to the Annubar Primary, (b)
fixed for pipe or (c) wall mounting and the self-contained portable unit, including hoses,
carrying case and bleed valves.
The meter is calibrated directly in litres/minute so that readings can be verified by QFES,
building managers and Certifiers without having to rely on testing contractors carrying out
calculations based on differential readings from complex equipment and charts.
Diesel exhaust lagged to 2.1m height and routed to outside the building with the outlet not
closer than 6m to a building ventilation inlet. This may require the exhaust pipe being run in the
fire isolated shaft housing the car park exhaust ducting.
The pump room should be provided with a 100mm drain suitable for accommodating the
discharge from the 50/25mm waste and test valve on the sprinkler alarm valve, discharge
from the fire pump circulation relief valve(s) and general spillage. It is estimated that the
capacity should be ~10.0l/s.
General floor drainage is also required with the grade being sloping towards the drain.
This also applies to external pump rooms.
The QFES requirement for painting pipework to AS1345 as noted in AS2941 has presented
approval problems in the past. AS1345 comprises three elements for the identification of
pipes, conduits and ducts and include the base identification colour, pipe marker and
supplementary colours.
AS1345 determines the location and the form of the three elements. This includes the general
requirements and form of marking.
4. 4
The base identification colour is a single colour that is intended to provide immediate
information on the contents of the pipe. When applying the base identification colour the pipe
can be completely painted with the identifying colour, or regularly banded with the identifying
colour or identified with proprietary markers with the following characteristics:-
• background colour is the same as the base identification colour;
• lettering in either white or black;
• lettering that is large enough to be read by normal eyesight;
• contrasting border around the label in white or yellow;
• chevron within the border indicating the direction of flow within the pipe.
Accordingly FSCS considers that pipe identification can be by any of the above and pipe does
not have to be completely painted.
Pump Room & Tank Layout
Figure 2 below is the same as in the companion paper on water supplies and is included here to further
reinforce the design requirements.
Figure 2 – Fire Pump Room & Tanks
The tanks shown in Figure 1 are circular steel tanks complying with AS2304 2011 – Water Storage
Tanks for Fire protection Systems. These tanks are delivered in modular form with the components
being able to be transported through normal doorways and subsequently assembled on site. This has
been found to be the most cost effective solution because these tanks are common in the fire
protection industry. Figure 3 below shows the system schematic for the arrangement in Figure 1
5. 5
RELIEF RETURN PUMP RELIEF
SPRINKLER
ALARM
VALVE
TANK FILL
RELIEF RETURN
TOWN MAIN CONNECTION
COMBINED ANNUBAR TEST
RPZ
SPRINKLER BOOSTER
HYDRANT BOOSTER
TO HYDRANTS
TO SPRINKLERS
TOWNMAIN
FB TANK SUCTION
DIESEL
SPRINKLER
PUMP
DIESEL HYDRANT
BOOSTER PUMP
SPRINKLER
TANK 1
SPRINKLER
TANK 2
ELECTRIC
SPRINKLER PUMP
Figure 3 – System Schematic
4 - PUMP ROOM SERVICES
Non Slip Flooring
Pump rooms frequently have water leaks present on the floor which present a significant hazard
to occupants. This is especially serious when hot and / or moving machinery parts are present.
FSCS has seen pump room floors with polished concrete finishes; they look good but can be
deadly.
Accordingly FSCS recommends that the floor surface be treated with a non slip application.
Such treatments can be a simple as a coarse brush finish to the concrete after pouring to durable
two pack epoxy paints containing a coarse granular substance or coatings such as from Roxset
(www.roxset.com.au ) which are typically used in the food processing industry.
Mechanical Ventilation
The pumproom requires ventilation for the ventilation associated with diesel engines as follows:-
Cooling the diesel engines.
For combustion air.
Being a workplace where maintenance personnel as well as fire fighters are likely to be in attendance,
ventilation is required for eenvironmental air.
Ventilation ducts (supply and exhaust) for the pump room shall have dampers at each transition
of walls and floors required to have an FRL.
Accessible metal hinged flap or metal concertina fire dampers should be installed in both supply
and exhaust air ducts on the pump room side of the wall. They should be fitted with fusible links
rated two levels above that for the sprinklers in the pump room. Pump room sprinklers should be
79o
C and therefore the damper links should be 141o
C or higher with an associated higher RTI.
The intent of this is that under normal conditions the air supply and exhaust will be maintained.
Under fire conditions the damper will not operate unless the sprinkler system fails.
6. 6
The calculations below are for a pump room located within the building and provided with mechanical
ventilation. Figure 4 below shows a typical system and with a supply air (outside air) temperature of
30o
Cand a maximum room temperature of 40o
C.
Figure 4 – Pump Room Temperature
The Cummins Engineering Standard 027 for Engine Room ventilation calculations provides detailed
methodology for precise calculations. This is available for download at
http://cumminsfirepower.com/documents/ES027ventilation.pdf
Where pump rooms are located outside the building in a separate “shed”, natural ventilation such as
from the engine radiator fan is usually sufficient. Figure 4 below shows a typical installation.
Regardless of location, all external pump rooms are to be provided with the services and features with
the exception of Mechanical ventilation where natural ventilation is acceptable as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 – Natural Ventilation
Typical mechanical ventilation calculations are shown below:-
Cooling the diesel engines. The heat generated from typical fire pump engines is
discussed below. Generally for pump rooms in ambient conditions an air flow of ~30
litres/second/kW is required. Therefore for a typical 30kW engine, a cooling air flow
into the pump room is 900/s.
7. 7
For combustion air. A typical diesel engine requires approximately 1.5litres/second /kW.
Therefore, for a typical 30kW engine, combustion air flow into the pump room is 45/s.
Environmental air, this is to be a minimum 6 air changes per hour which for a pump
room with a single diesel engine having dimensions of 3.5m x 3.0m x 2.5m, is
43.75l/s.
The total mechanical ventilation requirements therefore for a single diesel engine in a pump room will
be 989 l/s with an equivalent exhaust capacity. This can be rounded off to 1,000litres or 1m3
per
second.
Because of the consumption of the combustion air supply, the pump room will be at slightly negative
pressure which will ensure that contaminated air does not leak out of the room.
Where there are two or more engines, the calculations should include for cooling and combustion air,
e.g. sprinkler and hydrant pumps operating simultaneously as required by the Standards.
The operation of the ventilation system may be arranged by a relay trip on the pump starters so that
both exhaust and supply fans start when the pumps start. Environmental air however, should be
operating at all times when personnel are present. This can be interlocked with the lighting.
This variable demand can be met with fan motors having variable speed drives (VSD).
Ideally, the pump room should be provided with ventilation continuously to address humidity issues,
one elegant and cost effective way is to install a split system air conditioner, have the condenser unit in
the car park and run it on “dehumidify” mode.
Figure 6 below shows a pump room with obvious leakage problem which leads to high humidity and
consequent corrosion, Corrosion on the copper pipe at top left is clearly seen.
Figure 6 – Pump Room Leakage
Lighting
Being a workplace where maintenance personnel as well as attending fire fighters are likely to be in
attendance, lighting in accordance with AS/NZS1680.2.2 – Interior and workplace lighting should be
provided
The objective and purpose of a lighting system should be considered at the design and
installation phases. This is especially significant for workplaces where construction work is
performed as the lighting system must be able to accommodate changes in work activities and
the progression of construction.
The lighting system should ensure the safety of people to the extent that the lighting makes
hazards visible. The facilitation of visible tasks and the creation of an appropriately illuminated
environment must also be considered.
The lighting system should, therefore, be designed and installed, so as to illuminate the task area
and provide a safe and comfortable visual environment.
8. 8
The following workplace issues must be considered for compliance with the Workplace Health
and Safety Act 1995 and the Workplace Health and Safety Regulation 2008.
Task lighting
Access and stair lighting
Emergency lighting.
Lighting of at least 240lux is required and where available, the lighting shall be supplied from the
Essential Services section of the main switchboard. If no such equipment is available, the lighting shall
be “maintained” emergency lighting accordance with AS2293.1. Such lighting is energised at all times
when normal or emergency lighting is required.
Fluorescent lighting should be avoided because rotating parts, dependant on the rotational speed,
may appear to be stopped.
Noise
Workplace Health and Safety Queensland Code of Practice 2011 for Managing noise and preventing
hearing loss at work provides standards that must be met.
Exposure standard for noise is defined in the WHS Regulations as an LAeq,8h of 85 dB(A) or an LCpeak
of 140 dB(C). There are two parts to the exposure standard for noise because noise can either cause
gradual hearing loss over a period of time or be so loud that it causes immediate hearing loss.
LAeq,8h means the eight hour equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level in decibels,
determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1269.1. This is related to the total amount of noise energy a
person is exposed to in the course of their working day.
It takes account of both the noise level and the length of time the person is exposed to it. An
unacceptable risk of hearing loss occurs at LAeq,8h values above 85 dB(A).
LCpeak means the C-weighted peak sound pressure level in decibels, referenced to 20 u-pascals,. It
usually relates to loud, sudden noises such as a gunshot or hammering. LCpeak values above 140
dB(C) can cause immediate damage to hearing.
Research data confirmed by the author of this paper indicates that noise levels in concrete walled and
floored pump rooms with a ~30kW diesel engine running can exceed 110dBa,
The Equivalent Noise Exposures based on the LAeq,8h = 85 dB(A) for any given exposure time are
shown in the table below showing that the length of time a worker could be exposed to the noise is
reduced by half for every 3 dB increase in noise level.
Noise Level - dBa Exposure time
80 16 hours
82 12 hours
85 8 hours
88 4 hours
91 2 hours
94 1 hour
97 30 minutes
100 15 minutes
103 7.5 minutes
Noise Level - dBa Exposure time
106 3.8 minutes
109 1.9 minutes
112 57 seconds
115 28.8 seconds
118 14.4 seconds
121 7.2 seconds
124 3.6 seconds
127 1.8 seconds
130 0.9 seconds
Accordingly as it is likely that the 1.9 minute permitted exposure time of 110 dBa will be exceeded
during testing, maintenance and inspection, hearing protection shall be provided with either personal
ear muffs or, for incidental occupants, a dispenser of sanitised ear plugs at the entrance.
Companies like Seaton at http://www.seton.net.au/work-wear-ppe-first-aid/personal-protection/ear-
muffs.html can supply hearing protection devices with the ear plug dispenser shown at Figure 7, and
9. 9
should be consulted as to the appropriate level of hearing protection when the incident background
noise is ~110dBa.
Additionally, an appropriate warning sign as shown in Figure 8 should be posted at the door.
Figure 7 - Ear Plug Dispenser Figure 8 - Caution Sign
Emergency Evacuation
The emergency evacuation occupant warning system shall be extended into the pump room and,
considering the noise levels discussed above, it shall include appropriate visual indicators.
Pump Power
For those that are interested in calculating the size of a fire pump driver, the following formula
may be of interest.
PkW = Q l/s x H kPa / 650
For a pump to provide a flow of 20l/s at a residual pressure of 350 kPa at the top of a 7 storey
building where the static and friction losses are 450kPa the following are the inputs:-
Q l/s = 20l/s, H kPa = 350 + 450 = 800kPa. Therefore PkW = 20 x 800 / 650 = 24.6kW
Electrical
For general use, the pump room should be provided with electrical services as follows:-
Normal and emergency lighting as described above; and
Current carrying parts of any electric motor and all wiring shall be located at least
300mm above the floor and installed on galvanized cable trays.
Overhead wiring shall be installed on galvanized cable trays at least 2.1m above the
floor.
All electrical equipment including pump starters, light fittings, general power outlets
and fuse / breaker enclosures.
A 240v 50Hz 15A power supply to a dedicated board to cater for the jacking pump,
pump starters and a 240v 50Hz 15A double weatherproof socket.
Building power supply, switchboard and cable sizes suitable for a DOL (Direct on Line)
starter which draw between 6 and 7 times the full load current of the pump. As an
example, a 30kW 4 pole electric motor running at 1,500 rpm draws a full load current
(FLC) of ~54A. the DOL current, although only momentary, is ~350A. A high rupture
capacity (HRS) is at least going to be required.
Where it is desired to use a single electric pump for a sprinkler system in a building
<25m effective height, the following should be noted:-
Power from the “Essential Services” section of the main switchboard shall be used. §
Fire rated supply cables shall be used for electric fire pumps. §
10. 10
Note § Where two pumps are required such as in a sprinkler system in a building >25m effective
height, the electric pump need not have fire rated cabling nor be supplied from the Essential
Services power supply. The requirement for cable and power supplies being suitable for DOL
starting still remains.
This concession is because the diesel pump can be considered as a “stand-by” in case there is a
failure in the electric pump or its power supply.
Note the use of 4 pole electric motors (1,500rpm) will allow matching of pump duties where two
pumps are required such as in a sprinkler system in a building >25m effective height. The diesel
pump will be selected to run at a similar speed. This ensures that identical pumps can be used
making calculations much easier.
If it is desired to use an electric pump for the sprinkler system, a connection from the town main
connection of suitable size for the sprinkler demand should be routed to the pump adjacent to the
sprinkler control valve(s).
Drainage
The pump room should be provided with a large capacity drain suitable for accommodating the
discharge from the 2” (50mm) waste valve on the sprinkler alarm valve. It is estimated that the
capacity should be ~1.0l/s and at least 100mm diameter.
A 150mm fire hydrant test drain is required to be provided at the hydraulically most
disadvantaged (remote / highest) hydrant. This is usually in the fire isolated stair.
6 – ACCEPTANCE TESTING & BUILDING CERTIFICATION
Acceptance testing of the installed systems is likely to proceed in a more orderly fashion if
the systems installers cooperate to ensure that all necessary interfaces
Whilst acceptance testing procedures for sprinkler and hydrant systems are addressed in the
relevant Australian Standards, there are a number of critical details in the pump room that
warrant attention. Figure 9 shows the range of test instruments listed below:-
1. Air Speed meter (showing a speed of 1.6m/s). This measures the air speed at either the
supply or return air register so that the design ventilation can be measured. The FSCS
paper “Miscellaneous Mechanical Ventilation Systems in Buildings – V1” on the FSCS
web site provides families of graphs for either rectangular or circular registers. Applying
the air speed reading against the appropriate curve will determine if the ventilation system
complies.
2. Light meter (showing 587 Lux). The measures the lighting level(s) in the pump room.
3. Sound Level meter (showing 66.7dB (A). This measures the sound level when the
pump(s) are running to determine if the selected hearing protection is appropriate.
Figure 9 – Test Instruments
11. 11
There are a number of issues that need particular attention whilst testing fire hydrant and
sprinkler systems. The first is the proper use of testing equipment and the second is the
FSCS recommendation that the discharge of water from hydrant testing should be recouped
for other uses.
For hydrants, the testing of flow(s) for internal hydrants is usually conducted by QFES using
their own McCrometer device(s) discharging into the 150mm drain in the fire isolated stair as
discussed earlier. It is imperative that this test be conducted by the contractor prior to QFES
attendance. In both cases observe the correct use of the McCrometer and residual pressure
gauge as discussed earlier and detailed in the FSCS paper “Fire Hydrant Flow Testing”.
FSCS recommends that the 150mm hydrant test drain in the fire isolated stair be connected to
the property “rainwater harvest” tank to save water. Likewise, when testing external hydrants, the
discharge should be directed to the rainwater harvest tank or if not provided into a road tanker of
appropriate size. Such tankers can be hired from rural water providers.
Note that the current standards for sprinkler system testing contemplate discharge back into the
storage tank(s).
The FSCS paper entitled “Building Certification” on the FSCS web site provides guidance
on the required Form 15 (design) and Form 16 (installation) certification that designers and
installers are required to provide.
----------- End of Document---------
I trust that this paper provides useful information for Architects, Design Consultants and Builders in the
design of fire pump rooms.
QFES Building Approval Officers and Building Certifiers may also fine the information contained herein
useful.
Richard A Foster
Dip Mech Eng; Dip Mar Eng; MSFPE
Fire Safety Engineer
RPEQ Mechanical – 7753: Accredited by Board of Professional Engineers as a Fire Safety Engineer
Principal – Fire and Security Consulting Services
http://fscs-techtalk.com
Version 2 corrects some typographical errors in Version 1a and also references pump rooms located
outside the protected building. Version 2 also clarifies the issue of fire pump selection.
Version 2 – July 14th 2016