The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) and smart home technologies. It defines IoT as physical objects embedded with electronics and software that can connect to the internet. Examples given include sensors in cars and implantable medical devices. The document then covers the goals and growth of the IoT market, as well as the hardware, software, and example applications needed to create a smart home system that can automate and remotely control devices like lights, appliances, and HVAC systems. Both the pros and cons of smart home technologies are outlined.

1. The Design of
15Z601:
Embedded
Systems

3. Internet of Things
IoT is the network of “things” that are embedded with electronics,
software, sensors and Internet access which enables them to connect
and exchange data.
A “thing” in the context of IoT implies the physical entity that possesses
an unique identifier, an embedded system and the ability to transfer data
over a network.

4. Examples
Built-in Sensors of an Automobile.
Implantable Recording System.
Biochip Transponders.

5. The Father of IoT
Who coined the term in 1999.

6. Advancement Goals
 The figure of online capable devices increased 31% from 2016 to $8.4
B in 2017.
 Experts estimate that the IoT will consist of about 30 billion objects by
2020.
 It is also estimated that the global market value of IoT will reach $7.1 T
by 2020.

7. Smart Home

8. a.k.a Domotics.
Building automation for a home,
Involves the control and automation of:
Heating, Ventilation & Air-Conditioning (HVAC).
Security.
Domestic appliances.

9. Wi-Fi is predominantly used for remote monitoring and
control.
Home devices, when remotely monitored and controlled via
the Internet, are an important constituent of the Internet of
Things.

10. Hardware

11. Components Required
Raspberry Pi 8-Channel Relay Board Voltmeter
Router Wires Trip Switch

12. Sensors

13. Relay Board

14. Smart Devices

17. if(command == "light on")
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
}
else if(command == "light off")
{
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
}
else if (command == "lamp on")
{
digitalWrite (3, HIGH);
}
else if (command == "fan on")
{
digitalWrite (4, HIGH);
}
else if (command == "fan of")
{
digitalWrite (4, LOW);
}

18. Overall Connections

20. Software

21. Components Required

22. Software Interface
A programming tool for wiring the
hardware devices, APIs and online
services together; in new and
innovative ways.

23. Very visual, drag-and-connect
usability.
Encapsulates all the logic in single
JSON file.
Example:
Weather forecast &
Current conditions.

24. UI Design

26. Example

27. Database

28. Visualization

30. ConsPros

31. Pros
 Smart homes provide energy efficient savings.
 Systems like Z-Wave and ZigBee put some devices at a reduced level of
functionality so that they can go to sleep and wake up when
commands are given.
 Electric bills go down when lights are automatically turned off at
empty rooms and rooms can be heated or cooled based on who's
there at any given moment.

32.  Some devices can track how much energy each appliance is using and
command power hogs to use less.
 Smart home technology promises tremendous benefits for elderly
people living alone.
 Easy-to-control automated systems would provide benefits to
those
with disabilities or a limited range of movement.

33. Cons
 Lack of trust in technology.
 Complexity.
 Requires a significant amount of investment in both cash and time.
 Comes with security concerns.

34.  Hackers who find a way to access the network may have the ability to
turn off alarm systems and lights, leaving the home vulnerable to a
break-in.
 They could also cause mischief like turning devices on and off rapidly,
which could ruin some electronics or -- in an extreme case -- possibly
cause a fire.
 No general standard.

35. Thank you.