This document discusses quality assurance and its role in manufacturing. Quality assurance aims to prevent defects and ensure products and services meet customer requirements. It involves implementing systematic processes to verify that quality standards are fulfilled. During World War I, mass production led to quality issues, so inspectors were introduced to identify problems. Later, experts like Deming and Juran helped develop the modern concept of quality assurance. Quality assurance managers work to establish procedures and monitor quality against targets to ensure customer expectations are met.