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The role of online and
distance education in
national systems
Adnan Qayyum, Pennsylvania State University
Olaf Zawacki-Richter, University of Oldenburg
October 6, 2016
Book initial
questions
 What his happening in DE in various countries?
 How does DE connect to higher education?
 What are DE enrollments?
 What is the role of government?
 What is the role of private sector?
 What are major challenges facing DE providers?
Book purpose
National Systems in an Era of Global Online
Distance Education: Past, Practice, Prognosis
 to focus on DE in higher education
 to compare the structure of higher distance education systems
across countries
 to compare the organization of higher distance education systems
across 12 countries
 Identify different models of ODE in national systems
 Initial reports–please provide feedback
Levels of DE
Research
Levels of Distance Education Research
Macro level: DE systems and theories
 Access, equity and ethics
 Globalization of education and cross cultural aspects
 Distance teaching systems and institutions
 Theories and models
 Research methods and knowledge translation
Meso-level: Management, organization and tech
 Management and organization
 Costs and benefits
 Educational technology
 Innovation and change
 Professional development and faculty support
 Learner support services
 Quality assurance
Micro-level: teaching and learning in DE
 Instructional design
 Interaction and communications in learning communities
 Learner characteristics
Countries and
author(s)
Country Author(s)
1. Australia Colin Latchem
2. Brasil Frederic Litto
3. Canada Tony Bates
4. China Li Chen
5. Germany Ulrich Bernath & Joachim Stöter
6. India Santosh Panda & Suresh Garg
7. Russia (and former
Soviet Union)
Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Diana Püplichhuysen &
Anna Kourotchkina
8. South Africa Paul Prinsloo
9. South Korea Cheolil Lim, Jihyun Lee & Hyosun Choi
10.Turkey
Yasar Kondaci, Svenja Bedenlier & Cengiz
Hakan Aydin
11. United Kingdom Anne Gaskell
12. United States Michael Beaudoin
Topics in each
chapter
1. the function and position of DE within the national higher
education system
2. student enrollments in DE programs and funding of DE
3. an overview of major DE teaching and research institutions
4. the history and past of distance education including online
education
5. the relationship between the public and the private sector DE
6. the relationship between DE and more established residential
institutions
7. regulatory frameworks and policies of DE
8. accreditation and quality assurance in DE
9. future developments of DE in each country
Book process
1. Request to authors
2. Submission of first drafts
3. Feedback from editors
4. Revised drafts submitted
5. Copy editing
6. Submission to publisher reviewers
7. Submission of revised text to copy
editors and production
8. Public release (Spring 2016)
8
DE
Enrollment
Country
Enrollment
numbers
DE as percentage of higher
education enrollment
Australia 250 000 18.0
Brazil 1 341 842 17.1
Canada 361 000 29.0
China 6 310 000 17.73
Germany 154325 5.5
India 6 650 000 27.9
Russia 2 783 900 49.3
South Africa 355 240 36.0
South Korea 241 100 8.0
Turkey 1 374 269 22.7
United Kingdom 173 889 7.7
United States 2 853 000 17.0
DE delivery
modes
DE Providers
Government
regulation of
DE
(permission,
recognition,
content,
tuition)
Current
challenges
Country Challenges
1. Australia International demand; future of DE
2. Brasil Government regulations, demand (20%)
3. Canada Management -institutions organize; fac dev
4. China Demand, on-campus providers, QA
5. Germany Blended growth, private providers, faculty
6. India DECI regulatory board, ICT use
7. Russia
technocratic vs systems developing DE; moving
online
8. South Africa Moving online; access, funding regime change
9. South Korea Growing lifelong learning; connecting to HE
10.Turkey Equal status; DE ICT demand; regulations
11. United Kingdom Government policies, cost
12. United States Demand, private sector abuse
Next steps
 Revised drafts
 Copy editing
 Submission to publisher reviewers
 Public release (Spring 2016)
ThankYou
adnan@psu.edu

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The Changing Role of Online and Distance Education in National Systems: a Macro Level Analysis - Adnan Qayyum #EDENRW9

  • 1. The role of online and distance education in national systems Adnan Qayyum, Pennsylvania State University Olaf Zawacki-Richter, University of Oldenburg October 6, 2016
  • 2. Book initial questions  What his happening in DE in various countries?  How does DE connect to higher education?  What are DE enrollments?  What is the role of government?  What is the role of private sector?  What are major challenges facing DE providers?
  • 3. Book purpose National Systems in an Era of Global Online Distance Education: Past, Practice, Prognosis  to focus on DE in higher education  to compare the structure of higher distance education systems across countries  to compare the organization of higher distance education systems across 12 countries  Identify different models of ODE in national systems  Initial reports–please provide feedback
  • 4. Levels of DE Research Levels of Distance Education Research Macro level: DE systems and theories  Access, equity and ethics  Globalization of education and cross cultural aspects  Distance teaching systems and institutions  Theories and models  Research methods and knowledge translation Meso-level: Management, organization and tech  Management and organization  Costs and benefits  Educational technology  Innovation and change  Professional development and faculty support  Learner support services  Quality assurance Micro-level: teaching and learning in DE  Instructional design  Interaction and communications in learning communities  Learner characteristics
  • 5.
  • 6. Countries and author(s) Country Author(s) 1. Australia Colin Latchem 2. Brasil Frederic Litto 3. Canada Tony Bates 4. China Li Chen 5. Germany Ulrich Bernath & Joachim Stöter 6. India Santosh Panda & Suresh Garg 7. Russia (and former Soviet Union) Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Diana Püplichhuysen & Anna Kourotchkina 8. South Africa Paul Prinsloo 9. South Korea Cheolil Lim, Jihyun Lee & Hyosun Choi 10.Turkey Yasar Kondaci, Svenja Bedenlier & Cengiz Hakan Aydin 11. United Kingdom Anne Gaskell 12. United States Michael Beaudoin
  • 7. Topics in each chapter 1. the function and position of DE within the national higher education system 2. student enrollments in DE programs and funding of DE 3. an overview of major DE teaching and research institutions 4. the history and past of distance education including online education 5. the relationship between the public and the private sector DE 6. the relationship between DE and more established residential institutions 7. regulatory frameworks and policies of DE 8. accreditation and quality assurance in DE 9. future developments of DE in each country
  • 8. Book process 1. Request to authors 2. Submission of first drafts 3. Feedback from editors 4. Revised drafts submitted 5. Copy editing 6. Submission to publisher reviewers 7. Submission of revised text to copy editors and production 8. Public release (Spring 2016) 8
  • 9. DE Enrollment Country Enrollment numbers DE as percentage of higher education enrollment Australia 250 000 18.0 Brazil 1 341 842 17.1 Canada 361 000 29.0 China 6 310 000 17.73 Germany 154325 5.5 India 6 650 000 27.9 Russia 2 783 900 49.3 South Africa 355 240 36.0 South Korea 241 100 8.0 Turkey 1 374 269 22.7 United Kingdom 173 889 7.7 United States 2 853 000 17.0
  • 13. Current challenges Country Challenges 1. Australia International demand; future of DE 2. Brasil Government regulations, demand (20%) 3. Canada Management -institutions organize; fac dev 4. China Demand, on-campus providers, QA 5. Germany Blended growth, private providers, faculty 6. India DECI regulatory board, ICT use 7. Russia technocratic vs systems developing DE; moving online 8. South Africa Moving online; access, funding regime change 9. South Korea Growing lifelong learning; connecting to HE 10.Turkey Equal status; DE ICT demand; regulations 11. United Kingdom Government policies, cost 12. United States Demand, private sector abuse
  • 14. Next steps  Revised drafts  Copy editing  Submission to publisher reviewers  Public release (Spring 2016) ThankYou adnan@psu.edu

Editor's Notes

  1. International Handbook of Higher Education
  2. Comparative and international focus at PSU
  3. https://mapchart.net/world.html
  4. Countries chosen partly based on tradition of DE or have seen a substantial growth of ODE in recent years. Korea -Miracle on the Han River
  5. Author guidelines
  6. Word limit
  7. 21.3% on average over 12 countries; 2.7% in Ireland
  8. Permission, recognition, content, pricing, accreditation