Keynote Presentation of Manuel Castro

1. A flipped keynote Adapted education for all: the long way from distance/online through pandemic • Diversity • Minorities • Special needs • Adapted education • ALL our students (thousands, hundred thousands) are different !!!!!! • From Blended to Adapted for all Multifaced TRIBUTE AND MAIN CONCLUSIONS

2. UNED Chair of Distance Education • Present Chair, Angeles Sanchez-Elvira Paniagua • Founder and past chair: Lorenzo Garcia Aretio http://blogs.uned.es/cued/ https://aretio.hypotheses.org/5827/ (Garcia Aretio, 1989) Education is the process of intentional and comprehensive optimization of wo/m@n oriented to her/his complete self-realization and active insertion in the nature, society and culture Equiality, Inequality and Equity in learning context must drive to: 1. improve 2. integral 3. intentional 4. autonomous 5. socialization TRIBUTE AND MAIN CONCLUSIONS UNED and tribute Electrical and Computer Engineering Department – ETSII – UNED

3. Good teaching may overcome a poor choice of technology but technology will never save bad teaching https://www.tonybates.ca/ Learning online requires students with self-discipline and able to work to a self-managed schedule. This takes training and practice. And are times for online and for traditional and face-to-face Personal priorities in online learning: 1. increasing access and flexibility 2. developing 21st century skills 3. reducing inequalities in the education system 4. increasing the cost-effectiveness of education Relations between Education (online) and Technology (from Tony Bates) TRIBUTE AND MAIN CONCLUSIONS

4. A flipped keynote Adapted education for all: the long way from distance/online through pandemic • Tribute • Conclusions • Research topics: • Education evolution • Social differences and framework • Practical world and competences • Standards in Remote Laboratories • TEL to Open Education • Smart world to Smart Education • And back to conclusions

5. • Face-to-face Education • Distance Education – Mixed models • Online Education • Technology Enhanced Learning – Mixed and face-to-face – Distance and online – Synchronous – Asynchronous – Formal – Life long learning – Unformal – Technology oriented but based on contents/educational actors » Blended Learning 1983 2000 Technology Enhanced Learning HIGHER EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY Mixed Distance Face-to-face Blended Distance/O nline Face-to-face

6. 1983 2020 PRE COVID- 19 Mixed Distance Face-to-face Blended Distance/Online Face-to-face HIGHER EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY • Technology Enhanced Learning – Learning Management Systems – Virtual/SW/Simulation – Remote Laboratories – Flipped classroms – Project/Problem base learning – Active learning – Social media collaboration – Playroles – Gamification – Multimedia/hipermedia – Inmersive environments » Blended Learning 2000 Technology Enhanced Learning Blended Distance/O nline Face-to-face

7. • Remote education and back-forward ? • Credibility • Quality • Evaluation • Costs • Cutt-offs OVERWORK » Adapted (Blended+) Learning 2020 COVID-19 Online Distance/Online Face-to-face/Online 2021 POST COVID- 19 https://shutterstock.com/ HIGHER EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY

8. https://ined21.com/una-forma-de-entender-la-educacion/ Administrators Instructional designers Contents designers Curators Tutors Animators Students (Peers) Students (Seniors) Students Family Work Teaching centerd on the teacher – 10 hours/credit Teaching centerd on the student – 25-30 hours/credit (ECTS) Happy Projects – PBL for Young students Teachers Social relations HIGHER EDUCATION AND “NEW” ACTORS IN ONLINE

9. • We came from 3 continents in one month (2019) … • … to be at home without go out for months … • from complete mobility… • … to complete lockdown… • … and those will continue as we go ahead … Online Education Family ? Online industry Online Events Hybrid world

10. • Overwork • $$$ / Staff / Volunteers • Higher costs + technology • Online events • Online education • Teleworking • E-commerce UNCERTAINITY 60 days on confinement accelerated six years in worldwide digitalization … … but at which cost ?

11. • General go back on teleworking but being on them • Credibility • Quality • Evaluation • Costs • Cutt-offs and health OVERWORK Work and Technology use >>> Teleworking https://shutterstock.com/ http://elcorreo.com/

12. • General go back on online events but being on them • Credibility • Quality • Evaluation • Costs • Cutt-offs and health OVERWORK (200-300%) Events and Technology use >>> Hybrid Events (blended) https://shutterstock.com/

13. IEEE EDUCON 2019 last full face-to-face conference

14. 2011 2018 2013 EDUCON 2019 Dubai

16. How is evolving Education ? http://www.laverdad.com

17. How will evolve Education ? Vision from the past >>> Rob Reilly used firstly in Spain in 2011 http://expositions.bnf.fr/utopie/feuill/index.htm http://darcynorman.net/2011/02/24/the-future-of-education-ca-1910 / http://expositions.bnf.fr/utopie/grand/3_95b1.htm Villemard, 1910 À l’ École from visions de l’an 2000

18. Vision from the XX-XXI Century of the information: upload to instant through “AI & machine learning” How will evolve Education ? Vision from the past >>>

19. How is evolving Education ? Digitalization and Social Media >>>

20. How is evolving Education ? Future is here Internet Estudiante Estudiante Internet Servidor Data Base ? ? Instrumentos Controlador Software Lab LMS M I D D L E W A R E Internet Internet ? ? Instrumentos Controlador Software Lab Estudiante Profesor Profesor Ubiquity and Technology >>>

21. Education is moving … with or without you Diffusion MOOC (2014) >>> Contents Informal Critical learning Confidence Continuous evaluation & peer-to-peer ENGAGEMENT

22. Games-like analytics competences Hangout BYOD Education is moving … with or without you

23. + + 1990 2020 Education is moving … with or without you

25. How is evolving our World ?  1.000.000 years ago – 100.000 in Africa  300.000 years ago – 1.000.000 in Eurasia  Roman Empire – 200.000.000 (25% Mediterranean Sea and 25% in China)  XVIII Century (industrial revolution) – 1.000.000.000  XXI Century (ICT revolution) – 10.000.000.000 (2060)  60% more births than died  Slowing birth rate http://www.worldometers.info/es/ http://www.demographics.at/

26. Concentration Skin effect … water Media Technology Comunication Commerce Climate Larger differences How is evolving our World ?

27. How is evolving our World ?

28. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Millions of people (2014/06) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 People Internet Millions How is evolving our World ?

29. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Facebook Google Apps YouTube WhatsApp China India WeChat Instagram LinkedIn USA Twitter Indonesia Pakistan Brasil Nigeria Bangladesh Rusia Mexico Japan Millions de people (2030/06) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 Millions 0 200 400 2010 2013 2016 2020 TV (USA) Digital Media How is evolving our World ?

30. How is evolving our World ?

31. How is evolving our World ? Geotechnology ? Cybergeographies ? Cybersecurity ? North America European Union Russia China UAE https://cybermap.kaspersky.com/

32. How is evolving our World ? And Education ?

33. ABET Research Teaching Recovery $$$ How is evolving our World ? And Education ?

34. The top 10 on CareerBuilder’s list, with percentage growth over the next five years: • Online retailing – 32% • Translation services – 28% • Physical/occupational/speech therapy – 25% • Home health care – 24% • Retirement centers – 24% • Telemarketing bureaus, other customer contact centers – 20% • Marketing consulting – 20% • Environmental/conservation organizations – 19% • Computer system design – 19% • Portfolio management – 18% Fourth Industrial Revolution Technological Disruption How is evolving our World ? Employment ?

35. Three approaches for creating and profiting from disruption: • in-house innovation, • partnerships, • and acquiring technology Fully 61 percent of global execs and 78 percent of U.S. execs are concerned about the speed of technological change in their industry https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/nondisruptive-creation-rethinking-innovation-and-growth/ Creation: • disruptive, • non-disruptive New ways of growing over previous path How is evolving our World ? Industry ? CEOs thinking ?

36. Intelligence in the working place? Emotional • Today actions managed for the best reality • Feelings and facial Social • Manage today actions for the future • Personalities and survive https://medium.com/personal-development-success/social-intelligence-vs- emotional-intelligence-whats-the-difference-7c759365127b https://blog.adioma.com/9-types-of-intelligence-infographic/ How is evolving our World ? Intelligence ?

37. How is evolving our World ? Generations ?

38. How is evolving our World ? Generations ?

40. Redesign of the Teaching and Learning Cycle in Engineering Theory Contents Practical Contents Exercices Real Labs GRADING Evaluation Assessment Freshmen Sophomore Junior Senior FINAL GRADING Evaluation Assessment

41. Redesign of the Teaching and Learning Cycle in Engineering Theory Contents Practical Contents Exercices Virtual Labs Remote Labs Real Labs Simulation GRADING Evaluation Assessment Pocket Labs Freshmen Sophomore Junior Senior GRADING Evaluation Assessment

42. Labs evolution (I) Real Labs (traditionals/ Remote access) Simulators (Spice) HIGHER EDUCATION AND PRACTICE/LABORATORIES

43. New Simulators (GUI) Virtual Labs/SW Labs evolution (II) HIGHER EDUCATION AND PRACTICE/LABORATORIES

44. Remote Labs Labs evolution (III) HIGHER EDUCATION AND PRACTICE/LABORATORIES

45. Pocket Labs 50 years ago we developed at UNED a portable lab in a briefcase managed by post-mail Labs evolution (IV) HIGHER EDUCATION AND PRACTICE/LABORATORIES

46. Farm Labs https://www.labshare.edu.au/ http://www.ieec.uned.es/pilar-project/ Federated Labs Labs in the cloud Recorded Labs Proveedores de laboratorios https://labsland.com/ Labs evolution (V) Labs as a Service HIGHER EDUCATION AND PRACTICE/LABORATORIES

47. Repositories Photovoltaic & Wind labs Labs evolution (VI)

48. Internet of Things Smart Devices STEM education Practical competences: Laboratories, Virtual and Remote

50. Level 2. Online labs as learning objects • Learning analytics (xAPI) Level 1. Lab as a Service (LaaS) • API Services and Metadata

51. Conceptual layers

52. New Standard development

54. Education and progress in the use of Learning Technologies  Traditional Education  Distance Education ◦ Mixed models  On-Line Education  Blended Learning ◦ Traditional and mixed ◦ Distance and on-line ◦ Synchronous ◦ Asynchronous ◦ Formal ◦ Flipped ◦ Continuous ◦ Informal Wiki & Blogs Discussion boards & Chats Educational animation e-mail ePortfolios Games Hypermedia LMS MP3 Players Multimedia CD- DVD ROMs Screencasts Simulation Virtual & knowledge based classrooms Websites & Web 2.0 & 3.0 Podcast & videocast Remote & Virtual Labs

55. Education and progress in the use of Learning Technologies >>> YOUR Learning Platform: how effective, flexible and integrated is Open Software ◦ Moodle ◦ Canvas ◦ dotLRN ◦ Sakai ◦ ATutor ◦ Whiteboard ◦ Google Proprietary solution ◦ Blackboard/WebCT ◦ Docebo ◦ Gradepoint ◦ Desire2Learn ◦ Learn.com

56.  E-learning  B-learning (blended)  M-learning (mobile)  U-learning (ubiquitous)  P-learning (pervasive)  A-learning (ambience) (adaptive) (adapted)  C-learning (capacity)  T-learning (digital TV)  V-learning (video or visual) Education and progress in the use of Learning Technologies

57. Education and progress in the use of Learning Technologies >>> Engineering Education explosion Accreditation Blended Learning ◦ Personalization ◦ On-line ◦ Collaborative ◦ Project based ◦ Problem based ◦ Ubiquous Technology use Social media Flipped Classroom Open: ◦ OER & OCW ◦ MOOC Artificial intelligence Machine learning Deep learning

58. Education and progress in the use of Learning Technologies >>> Engineering Education explosion >>> BUT any technology has a lifecycle Trigger Use Overuse Stabilization Technology start-up • Trigger • Use • Stabilization • Overuse • Nonuse http://www.obrasweb.mx/construccion/2013/02/08/montanas-rusas-la-ingenieria-reta-a-la-ley-de-gravedad/

59. Education and progress in the use of Learning Technologies >>> 100 more used Tools (students view) in Education in 2013 … Jane Hart http://c4lpt.co.uk/top100tools/ In 2014 Moodle down 12 and LinkedIn up 10 Gmail 31 Audacity 22 Coursera 38 Khan Academy 40 2014-2013 1YouTube 2Powerpoint 3Google Search 4Twitter 5LinkedIn 6Google Docs & Drive 7Word 8WordPress 9Slack 10Zoom 11Wikipedia 12WhatsApp 13Dropbox 14Feedly 15Facebook 16OneNote 17Excel 18Skype 19Prezi 20Kahoot 21Trello 22Canva 23Articulate 24Camtasia 25Snagit 26Instagram 27Microsoft Teams 28Padlet 29Pinterest 30TED Talks/Ed 2018 31Coursera 32Easygenerator 33Adobe Captivate 34Lynda/LI Learning 35Pocket 36Udemy 37H5P 38Evernote 39Yammer 40SharePoint 41Gmail 42Moodle 43Adobe Photoshop 44Audacity 45Powtoon 46Outlook 47Degreed 48Diigo 49Cisco WebEx 50OneDrive

60. Education and progress in the use of Learning Technologies >>> Horizon Report in 2013 … 2017 … 2022 https://www.nmc.org/nmc-horizon/

61. https://www.nmc.org/nmc-horizon/ Survey results 2011 (N=2637 votes) #1 #2 #3

62. https://www.nmc.org/nmc-horizon/ Online labs not so important any more! Specially remote labs Virtual and remote labs together are in 4th position

63. Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs Learning Object: IEEE Standard (educational object) Metadata must include all the information the user must need Learning object repositories are the best way to share knowledge (UNED repository, MERLOT, etc.) Learning objects are the best way to solve: • Interoperability • Reusability • Automatic updates • Personalization

64. Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs

65. Open Educational Resources (OER-REA): • Learning Objects (LO) IEEE Standard and Metadata Open Source Open Access Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs

66. Open Course Ware: MIT idea expanded to the world (course content) Main objective was to offer learning materials to the Society in an open way at no aditional cost Now MIT is offering more than 2,000 courses • Open and free and • Universally accesible in the Internet eduCommons environment OCW Consortium: any course, any language, any continent Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs

67. MOOC: Massive Open On-line Course (learning delivery) Evolution from LO to OCW to MOOC • Communications evolution • Social networks evolution and use on learning • Mobility and ubiquity evolution use on learning • Collaborative environment evolution • Specialized environment evolution • OCW / Khan Academy Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs

68. Evolution to the openess: Learning Objects (units) >>> Open Course Ware (contents) >>> MOOC (delivery) • Course design – vídeo paradigm – evaluation – contents • Difference between OPEN and FREE • Author grants and use • Copyright / Copyleft (Creative Commons) • Too much students • Any place access online Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs

69. Massive Open On-line Course • Courses o not courses ? • Open or not open ? • On-line or not on-line ? • Massive or not massive ? MOOC / SPOC / MOOL >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MOOC with RL Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs

70. Catch the wave … Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs

71. Open: from the Learning Objects (LO) to OCW and to MOOCs Catch the wave … and take CARE !!!

72. Organization 1st edition course: May 2013 – September 2013 (5 months) 2nd edition course: November 2013 – January 2014 (3 months) ➢ 8 modules of 10 hours ➢ The first module introduces circuit simulation with tools such as SPICE and Micro-Cap and the subsequent modules involves real-time practicing with VISIR 35 years old students or older 43% Active workers 50% Undergraduate students in a related field 18% Graduate or postgraduate students in a related field 19% Students with a non-university degree in a related field 23% Students enrolled in this MOOC especially because of the use of a remote laboratory 81%

73. Organization ▪ Access to experiments is provided by the MOOC’s portal through an integrated scheduling/booking system ▪ The initial settings allow 16 simultaneous users per 60 minutes slot and for each user a maximum of two simultaneous slots booked and a limitation of 14 slots per course ▪ With these settings, VISIR allows up to 384 students to experiment with any of the designed practices of the MOOC

74. Implementation

75. The Learning Pyramid - William Glasser - 1990 – 1998 Final Conference, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman, Jordan 29 September 2015 Face-to-face Traditional Education MOOC PBL - Labs Blended Learning

76. OPEN: Building Learning http://www.flickr.com/photos/bdesham/2432400623 Nathan Sawaya – The Art of the Brick (Reuters)

77. OPEN: Innovation, Learning, Collaborative, Quality Open Education (OE): Innovations for changing & opening up education to improve the quality >>> MOOQ >>> Inclussion

79. Smart “World” and Circular Economy

80. https://ticnegocios.camaravalencia.com/servicios/tendencias/sistemas-ciberfisicos-la-respuesta-a-las-necesidades-de-la-sociedad-y-la-industria/ Smart Education Smart “World” and Technologies and Applications

81. From Smart “World” to Smart Cities http://www.globalsourcingblog.org/iot-for-the-smart-world/ http://www.panelesach.com/blog/smart-cities-o-ciudades-inteligentes-que-son/ • Smart City is a new concept on the city development through ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies) to improve the infrastructures to the citizens increasing the quality and liveness. From public transportation to energy savings, sustainability or effienciency in all the aspects. A new city concept to live and enjoy

82. From Smart Cities to Intelligent Personal Cities 2020 (7.700 millions of people) • The cities are only using 2% of the world surface • 50% of the people live there • Now is 75% of the world energy consumption • Emisions of 80% of world Co2 2050-2060 (10.000 millions of people) • Cities and Megacities Will use 5% of the world Surface • 70% of the people live there • Small savings and small increase in urban energy efficiency will be very significant woldwide https://personalcities.org/ https://www.nationalgeographic.com.es/mundo-ng/grandes-reportajes/las-ciudades-del-futuro_5280/1/ https://interestingengineering.com/how-to-build-sustainable-megacities-of-the-future

83. Intelligent (Personal Cities) (World/Education) https://personalcities.org/ • Aligned – From the understandign of collaborative effort and associations for more effective and larger actions • Local commitment and character – Having the local visión of culture, art, nature and community but with worldwide perspective and conscience (glocal) • Inclusive – With spacial commitment and investements, social and economics, integrating all voices • Technical oriented – Empowering to créate more efficient cities finding the talent as transforming booster • Interdependency – From physical, digital and human function integration in the cities, focusing on adaptation and resilience, safety and sustainability • Economically sparkly and vibrant – As talent and investement focusing attraction using the rightest technolopy for each necesity

84. Cloud Computing IoT – IoE – IoE – IoB – IIoT – I4.0 Big Data & Analytics – ML – AI – LA Smart “World” Cybersecurity Digital Twins Technologies

85. • Smart Education • Smart University • … Smart Cities (Smarts – Car2Go, Smart Living, …) • … Smart World (Smart Grids) • … Internet of Things • … Industry 4.0 / e-Health 4.0 • … Mobility – Usability • … Sustainability and Respect to Environment Smart Education

86. • Smart Blackboards • Smart Classes • Smart Libraries • Smart Universities • Smart Campus • Contents • Methodology • Curriculum • Platform • Teaching & Learning • Technology • Processes • Comunications • Collaboration • Data & Big Data Smart Education

87. • People Centred Smart Learning Ecosystem – ASLERD (Association for Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Development) – EADTU (European Association od Distance Teaching Universities) – EATEL (European Association of Technology Enhanced Learning) – EDEN (European Distance and E‐learning Network) – IAFeS (International Association for e‐Science) • Technology, learning, student center education, open, inclusive, social commitment, adaptative Smart Learning Institute http://sli.bnu.edu.cn/en/ ICSLE 2020 http://iasle.net/icsle-2020-is-calling-for-papers/ Smart Learning Environments Journal https://slejournal.springeropen.com/ 93 Smart Education

89. A flipped keynote Adapted education for all: the long way from distance/online through pandemic • Diversity • Minorities • Special needs • Adapted education • ALL our students (thousands, hundred thousands) are different !!!!!! • From Blended to Adapted for all Multifaced

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