In order to even consider the use of a splint, it is necessary to know whether the traumatized tooth is primary or permanent and what kind of injury it has suffered.
In general, the use of a splint is not recommended for injuries to milk teeth, such as luxation or avulsion. Luxated milk teeth are most often extracted.
Repositioning is not recommended because there is a risk of infection which could endanger the tooth
Modern trends in dentoalveolar traumatology support the use of functional and flexible splints for luxation and avulsion.
The prognosis for traumatized teeth is more determined by the type of trauma than the type of splint selected.
The type of splint and the duration of immobilization, therefore, may not be considered significant variables in terms of the outcome of healing.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indications contraindications and classification of bridges/endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Methods of growth study,theories /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This presentation is intended to give the GP dentists as well as specialists some essential information regarding " white spot lesions" ,which can be considered as one of the most common side effect of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Implants in orthodontics / /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Indications contraindications and classification of bridges/endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Methods of growth study,theories /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This presentation is intended to give the GP dentists as well as specialists some essential information regarding " white spot lesions" ,which can be considered as one of the most common side effect of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Implants in orthodontics / /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian den...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth : Post & CoreNaveed AnJum
These days we often come across mutilated or badly broken teeth in our practice. However various factors are involved for a better prognosis of such a teeth. This presentation mainly focuses on post and core treatment of such a teeth.
A dental implant (also known as an endosseous implant or fixture) is a surgical component that interfaces with the bone of the jaw or skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, facial prosthesis or to act as an orthodontic anchor. The basis for modern dental implants is a biologic process called osseointegration, in which materials such as titanium form an intimate bond to bone. The implant fixture is first placed so that it is likely to osseointegrate, then a dental prosthetic is added. A variable amount of healing time is required for osseointegration before either the dental prosthetic (a tooth, bridge or denture) is attached to the implant or an abutment is placed which will hold a dental prosthetic.
Success or failure of implants depends on the health of the person receiving the treatment, drugs which affect the chances of osseointegration, and the health of the tissues in the mouth. The amount of stress that will be put on the implant and fixture during normal function is also evaluated. Planning the position and number of implants is key to the long-term health of the prosthetic since biomechanical forces created during chewing can be significant. The position of implants is determined by the position and angle of adjacent teeth, by lab simulations or by using computed tomography with CAD/CAM simulations and surgical guides called stents. The prerequisites for long-term success of osseointegrated dental implants are healthy bone and gingiva. Since both can atrophy after tooth extraction, pre-prosthetic procedures such as sinus lifts or gingival grafts are sometimes required to recreate ideal bone and gingiva.
The final prosthetic can be either fixed, where a person cannot remove the denture or teeth from their mouth, or removable, where they can remove the prosthetic. In each case an abutment is attached to the implant fixture. Where the prosthetic is fixed, the crown, bridge or denture is fixed to the abutment either with lag screws or with dental cement. Where the prosthetic is removable, a corresponding adapter is placed in the prosthetic so that the two pieces can be secured together
Everything About Dental Implantology- How to Put Dental Implants.Dr. Aman Singh
Are you planning to include dental implants in your practice. Then this slide is a must watch for you. Excellent compilation of all useful information about implants for beginners.
Implantology Simplified- All you need to know about Dental ImplantDr. Aman Singh
Dental Implantology compiled in a PPT that cannot be easier and comprehensive than this. Made by my genuine contribution with some part copied from some very good presentations available to me. I have experience of over 900 implant surgeries as on 1st of JUNE 2015.
Similar to The Basics of Splinting in Dentoalveolar Traumatology.pptx (20)
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
2. Introduction
• In order to even consider the use of a splint, it is necessary to know whether the
traumatized tooth is primary or permanent and what kind of injury it has suffered.
• In general, the use of a splint is not recommended for injuries to milk teeth, such as
luxation or avulsion. Luxated milk teeth are most often extracted.
• Repositioning is not recommended because there is a risk of infection which could
endanger the tooth
3. Types of splint
Rigid splints
• Suture splints
• Arch bar splints
• Acrylic splints
• Composite splints
Nonrigid/semirigid/flexible splints
• Orthodontic brackets and arches
• Wire and composite splints
• Fiber splints
• Titanium trauma splints (TTS)
4. Rigid splints
• Does not permit any physiological mobility of the tooth and thereby
creates the conditions for complications in the sense of ankylosis or
external resorption
5. 1-Suture splints
Soft wire and surgical thread can be used as materials for
this type of splint [13–15]. The use of soft wire is indicated
for mixed dentition.
• Immobilization of this kind should be brief—only a few
days. The weaknesses of this type of immobilization are
that the metal thins and breaks with chewing, and it also
prevents good oral hygiene, which leads to gingivitis [16].
• When there are no neighboring teeth to which the splint
may be fixed, the use of a surgical suture is indicated for
the sake of immobilization
6. 2- Arch bar splints
• These are ready-made metal bars with hooks onto
which the wire is woven which fixes the metal
brackets to the teeth.
• The bars are placed right up against the gums which
cause irritation, and they are therefore impractical
for everyday use.
7. 3- Acrylic splints
• They are not used for isolated dental traumas. They are indicated in cases of luxation
of a tooth in combination with a fracture of the alveolar bone. The best-known splint
of this type is the Pfeiffer splint.
• This splint may be made in two ways:
• The direct method
• The indirect method
8.
9. 4- Composite splints
• The technique is very simple because it consists of
working with composite material in the classical
way.
• The weakness of a composite splint is its tendency
to split due to the action of interdental occlusal
forces. It also may irritate the surrounding gums if it
is placed very close to them.
• A so-called interapproximal composite splint is a
sub-type of this splint. The specific feature of this
splint is that composite material is also placed on
the approximal surface of the traumatized and
neighboring teeth.
10. Non-Rigid / semirigid splint
• The physiological functional mobility of the traumatized tooth is possible, which is
more favorable for the healing of the periodontal ligament (PDL), and thereby the risk
of ankylosis or external resorption of the tooth root is reduced
11. 1- Orthodontic splints
• The brackets are placed in the middle third of the labial surface of the tooth. They
are connected by orthodontic wire, 0.016 mm in diameter, which is passively
adapted.
• There are some who claim that orthodontic wire is not “passive” and that the action
of orthodontic forces is possible.
• The advantage of immobilization using an orthodontic splint is the possibility of
synchronizing the movement of the teeth, which is particularly important in cases of
intrusion.
• The weakness is the irritation of the lips, which can be avoided by applying wax.
12. 2- Wire-composite
splints
• The splint that is used most often in everyday practice
is a wire-composite splint
• It is indicated in all cases of traumatic injuries.
• Contraindications for the use of a wire and composite
splint are when the teeth have artificial crowns and
large fillings or in the teeth with exceptionally small
crowns.
2–3 teeth on each side of the injured tooth.
orthodontic wire, 0.3–0.4 mm
13. 3- Fiber splints
• These types of splint include
A. Fishing line
B. Glass-ionomer fiber
C. Ribbond splint
• Kevlar fiber Fishing line and glass-ionomer fiber are
used in the same way as in a wire-composite splint.
14. 4- Ribbond fiber
• This type of splint relies on the use of special
polyethylene fibers, Ribbond fibers, and composite
materials.
• In dental traumatology, Ribbond fiber splints are
fixed and extra-coronary.
• They are used intracoronarily in cases of
periodontitis, where it is necessary to create
cavities in the teeth to place the fiber.
15. 5- Kevlar fiber
• Kevlar fiber, is a synthetic, organic fiber of exceptional strength
(five times stronger than metal). As well as being used to make
bulletproof vests and in the aero-industry,
• It has the identical features, therapeutic effect, and manner of
application as Ribbond splints.
16. 6- Titanium trauma
splint (TTS)
• A TTS is a more recent splint, made from pure titanium, only
0.2 mm in thickness, which makes it significantly easier to
apply to the tooth [6, 23, 27–29].
• It is available in 52 and 100 mm lengths. It is designed in the
form of a rhomboid mesh, which makes it easier to be fixed
and makes it flexible in all dimensions (Figure 12).
• The size of the rhomboid opening, 1.8 × 2.8 mm, reduces the
quantity of composite material used to fix it to the surface of
the tooth, making it easier to remove the splint.
• It is fixed to the tooth in the same way as a wire-composite
splint.
• The weakness of this splint system is that it is very expensive
in comparison with a wire-composite splint.
17. The features of an acceptable splint
• It is simple to create and put in place.
• It prevents further traumatization of the injured
tooth.
• It enables physiological movement and therefore
healing.
• It does not obstruct occlusion.
• It makes maintenance of oral hygiene possible.
• It makes it possible to monitor vitality.
• It does not obstruct endodontic treatment when
necessary.
• It is aesthetic.
• It is easily removed
19. Recommendations for the type and duration of
immobilization
• Depending on the type of trauma
• In dentoalveolar traumatology, answers have not been found for all the questions that arise,
especially regarding the duration of the use of splints.
• The effect of the duration of immobilization, that is, keeping a splint in place during the
healing of the periodontal ligament, has still not been explained in clinical studies.
• The long-term use of a splint leads to ankylosis and replacement resorption.
• On the other hand, it has not been confirmed that there is a better outcome of healing in the
case of the short-term use of a splint
20.
21. CONCULTION
• Modern trends in dentoalveolar traumatology support the use of functional and
flexible splints for luxation and avulsion.
• The prognosis for traumatized teeth is more determined by the type of trauma than
the type of splint selected.
• The type of splint and the duration of immobilization, therefore, may not be
considered significant variables in terms of the outcome of healing.
22. Dentoalveolar trauma Web site
• https://surgeryreference.aofoundation.org/cmf/trauma/dentoalveola
r-trauma
23. Reference
• Hadziabdic, N., 2020. The basics of splinting in dentoalveolar traumatology.
In Maxillofacial Surgery and Craniofacial Deformity-Practices and Updates.
IntechOpen.