Presentation given by Dr. Robert Root-Bernstein - Keynote Address @ AENJ Fall Conference 2011 The Hyatt Regency, New Brunswick, NJ October 4, 2011 with permission of the author

1. The Art of Science Robert Root-Bernstein Department of Physiology Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48823 USA [email_address]

3. So Start At the Beginning: You Are All Art Teachers, So Let’s Begin by Looking at Some Children’s Art

4. A 6-Year Old Did a Portrait of His Father

5. This 13-Year Old Liked to Sing!

6. A 13-Year Old Drew A Self-portrait

7. While An 18-Year Old Was on His Way to Becoming a Surrealist Painter

11. The 6 year old is me, which explains why I’m here with you today

12. The 13-Year Old Who Liked to Sing Was Barbara McClintock, Nobel Prize Winner for Genetics http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ps/retrieve/Collection/CID/LL

13. The 13-Year Old Drew A Self-portrait Is Harold Kroto, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry http://www.kroto.info/Graphics/index.html

14. The 18-Year Old Surrealist Painter Is Desmond Morris, Professor of Zoology at Oxford University

19. Arts Improve SAT Scores (2008) More Than Science or Computer Classes! See also: James Catterall: Involvement in the Arts and Success in Secondary School. Washington D. C.: Americans for the Arts. Monograph Series V. 1, No. 9, January 1998. READING MATH WRITING TOTALS TOT DIFFS averages 503 519 497 1519 ART 4 YEARS 540 543 533 1616 +97 ART 3 YEARS 511 516 504 1531 +12 ART 2 YEARS 506 517 499 1522 3 ART 1 YEAR 498 515 491 1504 -15 NO ART 474 496 466 1436 -93 computer programming 509 534 500 1543 24 no computer class 511 521 507 1539 20 geology/earthsci 497 505 487 1489 -30 biology 507 519 500 1526 5 SCIENCE 4 YEARS 527 540 519 1586 +67

23. Eric Heller, Harvard Physicist/Chemist Heller has made several scientific breakthroughs through his visual art: “ Through art one can sometimes get straight to the essence of the matter and almost get an intuitive comprehension that might otherwise take years of study.” (Dreifus, 2002, 2)

24. Continuous Arts Participation Correlates with STEM Innovation Data from Root-Bernstein, et al, ongoing research. Additional data in Lamore, et al., ArtSmarts and Innovators in Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM): http://www.ced.msu.edu/techresearchreports2010.html

29. Adding ARTS to STEM to Give them STE A M! Harvey White, Qualcomm Founder RISD President John Maeda

31. Samuel Morse: Painter-Inventor

32. George Washington Carver

33. HOW Are Arts Useful to Scientists and Engineers?

35. Pasteur Made First Discovery as Undergraduate Studying Tartaric Acid Crystals

36. Portraitists Are Taught to Look for Facial Asymmetries

37. Pasteur Discovered Crystals Came in Mirror Image Forms!

41. Harold Kroto and Buckminsterfullerene http://www.kroto.info/ImageBank/HWKphotos/ESussex/index.html

43. Desmond Morris’ “The Entomologist” (courtesy of Desmond Morris) (Becoming a bug to understand it!)

44. McClintock spoke of “A Feeling for the Organism” & “Becoming their Friend”

48. SEURAT and the Pointillistes Made Possible the Pixels in a CRT Screen; Complementary-Colored Dots in Color Blindness Tests

49. Made Possible the Pixels in a CRT Screen; Complementary-Colored Dots in Color Blindness Tests

51. TRANSFER: Requires a Common Transdisciplinary Languages and Processes: e.g. Root-Bernstein and Root-Bernstein, SPARKS OF GENIUS , 1999 .

52. Use of “Tools for Thinking” By Scientists and In High School Science Textbooks Root-Bernstein, et al., ongoing research at Michigan State University

56. The “Tools for Thinking” Taught By Scientists Are INSUFFICIENT!

57. Science In The Making Is More Like Art In the Making Than It Is the So-Called “Scientific Method” This was argument of my book Discovering (Harvard Univ. Press, 1989) So scientists have to meet you artists half way by recognizing common skills and ways of thinking!!! Best scientists recognize this explicitly:

60. Eric Heller, Harvard Physicist/Chemist Who Discovers through Art? Heller has made several scientific breakthroughs through his visual art: “ Through art one can sometimes get straight to the essence of the matter and almost get an intuitive comprehension that might otherwise take years of study.” (Dreifus, 2002, 2)

62. “ The creative scientist needs… an artistic imagination” Max Planck , Nobel Prize, Physics, 1919 Pianist In: Autobiography ,1949, p. 14

66. Back to the NECESSITY of Adding ARTS to STEM to Give them STE A M! Harvey White, Qualcomm Founder RISD President John Maeda

67. N.B.: Same Argument for Utility of Arts for Writing

68. Arts are the 4 th “R” !

70. In Conclusion: A Story about the importance of the individual as an inspirer

71. T H A N K Y O U !