3. A QUICK HISTOTY
1600 and 1100 BCE
Used as a burial ground
6th Century BCE
Began transformation into Athenian public space as public buildings and workshops were developed
520 BCE
Altar of Twelve Gods constructed
508-507 BCE
Old Bouleuterion built, and Agora boundaries established
6th Century – 1st Century BCE
A political, cultural and economic hub of Athens
480 BCE
Earliest buildings of Agora destroyed by Persian invaders
450 BCE
Temple of Hephaestus built
Later History: Connected with Roman Agora, destroyed by multiple invasions, Roman gymnasium built over the
top of some ruins, buildings converted (e.g. Temple of Hephaestus converted to Byzantine church), excavations
(1931)
4.
5. THE AGORA
Built on flat ground, easily accessible from both the city, farmlands and the
port
Conformed with existing ancient roads with, importantly, the Panathenaic
way connecting to the Dipylon Gate (the main gate of the defensive wall)
with the Acropolis
Heart of government and law systems
Temples present for worshippers
Marketplace
Orators and Philosophers gathered to share thoughts; Politicians gathered to
work on proposals
Once per year, the Panathenaic festival united the Athenians in celebration
and solemn procession through the Agora toward the Acropolis.