7. 8. This is a principle that an individual person’s
beliefs and activities should be understood by
others in terms of that individual’s own culture.
8. 9. _________ is judging another culture solely by
the values and standards of one’s own culture.
9. 10. Which of the following is the best definition
of cultural relativism?
a. A cultural group’s desire to pass on its values to
the next generation
b. Refers to not judging a culture to our own
standards of what is right or wrong
c. Measuring which culture are related to others
d. All of the above
10. 11. What is ethnocentrism?
a. judging another culture solely by the
values and standards of one’s own culture.
b. judging another culture solely by the
values and standards of another culture.
c. having no concept of right or wrong
d. both b and c
11. 12. Which of the following sentences expresses cultural
relativism?
a. an employee may refer to his client as a stupid if the
client needed some time to understand whatever the
employee is trying to tell him
b. addressing a conservative woman in a liberated place
as weirdo
c. thinking that people who eats fried crickets are
disgusting
d. none of the above
12. 13. Which of the following is not a claim of a cultural relativist?
a. The moral code of a society determines what is right
within that society
b. Different societies have different moral code
c. It is good to judge the conduct of other societies
d. There is no objective standard that can be used to judge
one society as better than another
13. 14. A type of society which first emerged
12,000 years ago, pasture animals for food and
transportation?
14. 15. A society which relies on cultivating fruits,
vegetables, and plants?
15. 16. This type of society is based on ownership of land
wherein vassals were bound to cultivate their lord's
land.
16. 17. This society is based on using machines
(particularly fuel‐driven ones) to produce goods
wherein productivity increased.
17. 18. This society is being shaped by the
human mind, aided by computer technology
rather than being driven by the factory
production of goods.
18. 19. It is something made or given shape by humans,
such as a tool or a work of art, especially an object of
archaeological interest.
19. 20. A tool developed by Homo Neaderthalensis
(Neanderthals) in Europe and West Asia.
20. Direction: TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if it is
false on the blanks provided. Write your answers on your paper.
_________21. Most hunting and gathering societies were nomadic,
moving constantly in search of food or water.
_________22. The two main types of Oldowan tools were core tools and
flake tools.
_________23. Feudal societies are based on using machines to produce
goods.
_________24. New tools have been found in sites in Europe and
elsewhere in the Old World and more recently in the New World.
_________25. Pastoral societies won’t allow some of its members to
engage in non- survival activities like healers, traders and craftspeople.
21.
22. CULTURAL CHANGES
Cultural changes, on the other hand, is the
transformation of culture or the way people live.
It refers to all alterations affecting new traits or
trait complexes and changes in a cultures
23. THERE ARE MANY REASONS WHY CULTURAL
CHANGES
•Environment
•Technological advancements
•A model of cultural change
•Contact with other cultures
25. POLITICAL CHANGES
Political changes happens when the rulers of a
country lose power or when the type of
governance in the country changes. Governance
is the kind of system or ideology used to express
authority in a country. It may be a democracy,
monarchy, oligarchy, and others.
26. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SOCIAL AND CULTURAL
CHANGE!
Some early textbook writers have made distinction
between social and cultural changes, while others
have considered these two terms as one and the
same thing like what Gillin and Gillin (1954) and
Dawson and Getty’s (1948) said that “there is no
difference between social and cultural changes.”
27. According to Dawson and Getty’s, “cultural
changes is social change, since all culture is social
in it’s origin, meaning and usage”. Similar Gillin
and Gillin wrote: “social changes as varia-tions
from the accepted modes of life, whether due to
alterations in geographic conditions, in cultural
equipment, composition of population, or
ideologies.”
28. • Davis (1949) clarify the differences between social
changes and cultural changes and he said “ social
changes is only a part of a broader category of
change ‘called cultural change’ cultural changes
refers to all changes occurring in any branch of
culture including art, science, technology,
philosophy stc,. As well as changes in the forms and
rules of social organisations”.
29. • In a nutshell, it may be said that social changes
refers specifically to alter-ations in social
relationships among people in groups, whereas
cultural change refers to change in material and
non-material cultural elements both.
30. MECHANISMS OF CHANGE
1. Diffusion – is the process through which the
cultural traits of one society are borrowed,
transmitted, and adopted by another and consider
as it’s own.
Examples:
*Migration. *Globalization
31. 2. Invention – is the process where new cultural
elements are created to solve social and cultural
problems
. Example:
*Internet
32. 3. Discovery – is the process where people
recognize or gain a better understanding of
already existing elements present in the
environment.
Example:
* Scientific research
