As the conventional therapeutic strategies fail to fulfil the major requirements for a successful cancer therapy. The use of naturally developed anticancer agents has evolved as an alternative safe, low-cost and convenient one.
As the conventional therapeutic strategies fail to fulfil the major requirements for a successful cancer therapy. The use of naturally developed anticancer agents has evolved as an alternative safe, low-cost and convenient one.
chaemoprevention of cancer using dietary phytochemicals awan867
dietary phytochemicals are natural ,non-nutritive ,secondary metabolites .they are mainly for defense system in plants ,also provide colour ,aroma, flavour .they also have anti mutagenic & anti carcinogenic properties . there are 900 phytochemicals but main phytochemicals like curcumin ,gingerol,ECGC, Capsacin and many more . various cell signalling molecules can act as a target for these phytochemicals .
Future trends and perspectives in modern pharmaceutical biotechnologyinemet
PharmaCon2007 Congress, Dubrovnik, Croatia "New Technologies and Trends in Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Industry and Education" http://www.pharmacon2007.com
Abstract is available at http://www.pharmaconnectme.com
TRANSGENIC PLANTS AS SOLE SOURCE FOR BIOPHARMACEUTICALSmukund joshi
Proteins with applications for human or animal vaccines and expressed by transgenic plants.
Advantages of transgenic plants as protein expression systems.
Studies that examined the therapeutic potential of plants leaf extracts
Plant Scientific Name Common Name Type of extraction Proposed active material
1. Solanum viarum Tropical Soda Apple Ether Solasodine glycoalkaloid
2. Acanthus illicifolious Harkucha Kanta Methanol Triterpenoids,Flavonoids,
Alkaloids
3. Annona squamosa Custard Apple Ethyl acetate Acetogenins,Alkaloids,
Dofamine
4 Alstonia scholaris. Chatium Methanol Alkaloids,Flavonoids
5. Calotropis gigantea Akanda Ethanol Triterpenoids,Flavonol
Glycosides
Cytotoxicity of Blended Versus Single Medicinal Mushroom Extracts on Human Ca...Jolene1981
ABSTRACT: The use of mushrooms contributes to human nutrition by providing low lipid content of lipids and high dietary fiber content, as well as significant content of other biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, and polyphenolic antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the content of polyphenols and polysaccharides, as well as the cytotoxic and antioxidative properties of several medicinal mushroom preparations. The content of total phenols and flavonoids of preparations of blended mushroom extracts (Lentifom, Super Polyporin, Agarikon, Agarikon Plus, Agarikon.1, and Mykoprotect.1) was evaluated quantitatively by using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant capacity of the preparations was evaluated using the ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and ferric reducing/antioxidant power assays. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides was determined using a specific gravimetric method, based on ethanol precipitation. To determine cytotoxic effects of single and blended mushroom extracts, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and neutral red assays were conducted using human small cell lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, colon cancer, and brain astrocytoma cancer cells. The obtained results suggest that due to the significant content of beneficial polyphenolic antioxidants and soluble polysaccharides, use of these mushroom preparations is beneficial in maintaining good health, as well as in the prevention and adjuvant biotherapy of various human pathological aberrations. These results reveal that these extracts exhibit different cytotoxic effects on tumor cells originating from different tissues. In addition, the comparison of investigated blended mushroom extracts with three well-known commercial mushroom products derived from single mushroom species or single mushroom compounds shows that blended mushroom extracts exhibit significantly stronger cytotoxic effects on human tumor cell lines.
chaemoprevention of cancer using dietary phytochemicals awan867
dietary phytochemicals are natural ,non-nutritive ,secondary metabolites .they are mainly for defense system in plants ,also provide colour ,aroma, flavour .they also have anti mutagenic & anti carcinogenic properties . there are 900 phytochemicals but main phytochemicals like curcumin ,gingerol,ECGC, Capsacin and many more . various cell signalling molecules can act as a target for these phytochemicals .
Future trends and perspectives in modern pharmaceutical biotechnologyinemet
PharmaCon2007 Congress, Dubrovnik, Croatia "New Technologies and Trends in Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Industry and Education" http://www.pharmacon2007.com
Abstract is available at http://www.pharmaconnectme.com
TRANSGENIC PLANTS AS SOLE SOURCE FOR BIOPHARMACEUTICALSmukund joshi
Proteins with applications for human or animal vaccines and expressed by transgenic plants.
Advantages of transgenic plants as protein expression systems.
Studies that examined the therapeutic potential of plants leaf extracts
Plant Scientific Name Common Name Type of extraction Proposed active material
1. Solanum viarum Tropical Soda Apple Ether Solasodine glycoalkaloid
2. Acanthus illicifolious Harkucha Kanta Methanol Triterpenoids,Flavonoids,
Alkaloids
3. Annona squamosa Custard Apple Ethyl acetate Acetogenins,Alkaloids,
Dofamine
4 Alstonia scholaris. Chatium Methanol Alkaloids,Flavonoids
5. Calotropis gigantea Akanda Ethanol Triterpenoids,Flavonol
Glycosides
Cytotoxicity of Blended Versus Single Medicinal Mushroom Extracts on Human Ca...Jolene1981
ABSTRACT: The use of mushrooms contributes to human nutrition by providing low lipid content of lipids and high dietary fiber content, as well as significant content of other biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, and polyphenolic antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the content of polyphenols and polysaccharides, as well as the cytotoxic and antioxidative properties of several medicinal mushroom preparations. The content of total phenols and flavonoids of preparations of blended mushroom extracts (Lentifom, Super Polyporin, Agarikon, Agarikon Plus, Agarikon.1, and Mykoprotect.1) was evaluated quantitatively by using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant capacity of the preparations was evaluated using the ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and ferric reducing/antioxidant power assays. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides was determined using a specific gravimetric method, based on ethanol precipitation. To determine cytotoxic effects of single and blended mushroom extracts, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and neutral red assays were conducted using human small cell lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, colon cancer, and brain astrocytoma cancer cells. The obtained results suggest that due to the significant content of beneficial polyphenolic antioxidants and soluble polysaccharides, use of these mushroom preparations is beneficial in maintaining good health, as well as in the prevention and adjuvant biotherapy of various human pathological aberrations. These results reveal that these extracts exhibit different cytotoxic effects on tumor cells originating from different tissues. In addition, the comparison of investigated blended mushroom extracts with three well-known commercial mushroom products derived from single mushroom species or single mushroom compounds shows that blended mushroom extracts exhibit significantly stronger cytotoxic effects on human tumor cell lines.
Disease can occur due to alterations in many physiological processes. A variety of factorsare known to be involved in the progression of cancer, a chronic diseasethat occurs due to permissible proliferative signaling, avoiding growth suppressors, resisting cell death, allowing replicative immortality, induction of angiogenesis, and inducing invasion and metastasis, along with reprogramming of metabolic pathways involved in energy production and avoiding the host immune response for cell destruction. Treatment of such a multifactorial disease has very less cure rate because of the singular agents tried in the past for targeting. Molecular level studies with deeper insight are urgently neededthat focus on the most promising herbal-derived bioactive substances for which thorough research was carried out in the literature in various data-bases such as PUB-MED, MEDLINE, SCOPUS indexed journals etc. to look for systematic reviews of the protocols or data interpretation, natural drug/immunological properties and validation. As immune system plays avery important role in the proliferation or suppression of cancer and other autoimmune diseases, It is the dire need to study the effect of such natural compound on the immune system so that a possible drug target or epitope can be identified for the treatment of such diseases. In nutshell there are many nonclinical in vitro and in vivo studies on herbal medicines which commonly supports the traditional therapeutic claims. It has been seen from the previos studies in literature that the yield and composition of bioactive compounds derived from plants are dependent upon the production source,culturing conditions and extraction protocols.Therefore appropriate optimization conditions would certainly assist the medical and scientific fraternity to accept herbal products as potential candidates for cancer treatment. In this article we explored the different natural products, their immunological effects concerning cancer with no or negligible side effects. However,one has to look for potential herb–drug or herb-epitope interactions and how immune system responds to such drugs.
Plants that treat and prevent cancer growthBhuwan Kochhar
As you may know, cancer remains to be a global burden. It is one of the leading causes of death around the world. The introduction of drug-based therapies has significantly improved the situation of cancer patients. Undeniably, modern treatment options have played a crucial role in intensifying cancer care. However, advanced-stage cancers still remain untreated. As a result, a continued search for chemoprevention and treatment is clearly essential to manage the increasing incidence of cancer across the globe.
Anti-tumor drugs PPT Dr. Shahid Rasool.pptshahidrasool65
The learning Objectives are
1. To understand tumor, its types, causes and cell cycle of normal cell.
2. To learn and comprehend the pharmacognostic features of various plant and marine derived drugs having anticancer activity.
3. To know the anti cancer mechanism of these natural drugs.
Diet is not all about loosing or gaining weight, its therapeutic benefits are often taken lightly by most of us. Planning of a therapeutic diet implies the ability to adopt the principal of normal nutrition to the various regimens for adequacy, correctness, economy and palatability. It requires recognition of the need for dietary supplements such as vitamin and mineral concentrates when the nature of the diet itself imposes severe restrictions, the patient's appetite is poor or absorption and utilization are impaired so that the diet cannot meet the needs of optimum nutrition.
There are several therapeutic benefits of a well balanced diet such as:
•Fuel to perform daily activities
•Nutrients for the body's cells
•Growth and repair of tissue
•Reinforcing the immune system
•Preventing chronic diseases of lifestyle
•Maintaining good mental health
•Ensuring healthy teeth and bones
An introductory Seminar on the Bio active ingredients from Zynthoxylem armatum,delivered during my presentation in Institute of Chemical Sciences Gomal University,Dera Ismaiel Khan Pakistan.
Role of Phytoestrogens in Breast CancerNeha Dhiman
because of the side effects caused by the synthetic drugs and therapies, it is better to rely on natural products. natural products has lot of benefits and risk is less.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
2. SECONDARY METABOLITES
Secondary metabolites are organic compounds produced
by bacteria, fungi, or plants which are not directly involved
in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the
organism.
Unlike primary metabolites, absence of secondary
metabolites does not result in immediate death, but rather
in long-term impairment of the
organism's survivability, aesthetics, or perhaps in no
significant change at all.
The chemical compounds produced by plants are
collectively referred to as phytochemicals.
3. Secondary metabolites are not directly needed by plants as
they do not perform any physiological function (as is the
case with primary metabolites such as amino acids, nucleic
acids etc.).
Cardiac glycosides are found
in
the leaves of Digitalis.
4. Terpenoids
Terpenoids (also called “isoprenoids”) are
secondary metabolites occurring in most
organisms, particularly plants.
A large number of terpenoids exhibit
cytotoxicity against a variety of tumor cells and
cancer preventive as well as anticancer efficacy
in preclinical animal models.
5.
6. Terpenoids have been found to be useful in the prevention
and therapy of several diseases, including cancer, and also
to have antimicrobial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral and
anti-allergenic.
In addition, terpenoids can be used as protective
substances in storing agriculture products as they are
known to have insecticidal properties.
7. TERPENOIDS AND
LIVER CANCER
In vitro studies
There are a number of in vitro studies that demonstrate the cytotoxic
effects of various terpenoids against proliferation, growth and
invasion of a variety of liver cancer cell lines.
In vivo studies
A large number of other natural terpenoids have been tested in
vivo to show positive chemopreventive and antitumor potential
against several animal models of liver cancer.
8. In vitro Studies
MONOTERPENES :
An acyclic dietary monoterpene,
represents the only monoterpene
that has been studied in
vitro against liver cancer cells.
Geraniol was shown to inhibit the
growth of human hepatic
carcinoma cells by decreasing 3-
hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A
(HMG-CoA) reductase, the major
rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol
biosynthesis in mammals.
9. DITERPENES :
A potential antiinflammatory
diterpenoid lactone isolated from
the traditional medicinal
plant Andrographis paniculata,
demonstrated inhibitory effects
against the growth of hepatoma-
derived cells.
Apoptosis as well as activation of
the c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)
and mitogen-activated protein
kinase (MAPK) pathways were
shown to play an important role in
the cytotoxic effect exerted by
andrographolide.
10. TRITERPENES :
An active component
from the herb black
cohosh. Recent
studies indicate that
black cohosh may
have
chemopreventive and
chemotherapeutic
potential.
Actein was found to
inhibit the growth of
p53-positive HepG2
cells.
11. In Vivo Studies
MONOTERPENE:
Auraptene, a citrus antioxidant, was found to be effective
in suppressing the DENA-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in
male F344 rats upon dietary supplementation.
It include increase in apoptosis and decrease in cell
proliferation.
12. DITERPENE:
Excisanin A, a diterpenoid compound extracted from Isodon
MacrocalyxinD, was found to be an effective and potent
tumor growth inhibitor in BALB/c nude mice implanted with
Hep3B cells.
A daily of excisanin A in this xenografted mouse model and
the subsequent analysis of the tumor samples after sacrifice
established the inhibition of the AKT signaling pathway in
tumor cells.
13. CONCLUSION
Natural compounds obtained from different sources such
as fruits, vegetables, herbs and even fungi, open up a novel
and exciting prospective on liver cancer prevention as well
as treatment. Among the various secondary metabolites
produced by plants and other organisms, terpenoids have
emerged as a promising group of phytochemicals.
Terpenoids selectively kill liver cancer cells with a
pleiotropic mode of action while sparing normal cells.
14. The various studies, conducted in vitro
and in vivo by numerous research groups,
describes the use of these
phytoconstituents as potential
chemopreventive and therapeutic agents in
the fight against liver cancer. Based on
available data, the terpenoids which may
have the greatest therapeutic potential for
liver cancer prevention and treatment
include d-limonene, cucurbitacin B, ursolic
acid, β-carotene and lycopene.