This document defines and describes various dental restoration and prosthetic terms. It discusses direct and indirect dental restorations that restore lost tooth structure and function. It also defines dental appliances, crowns, bridges, partial dentures, and complete dentures. Key components of partial dentures like bases, connectors, clasps, and rests are outlined. Important definitions for terms like flow, viscosity, onlay, adhesion, cohesion, tarnishing, and corrosion are also provided.

1. Terminology of Dental Materials.
Dr. Md. Arifur Rahman
BDS(D.U), MPH
Assistant Professor & Unit Head
North East Medical College
Dental Unit

2. Restoration :
It is a conservation work which restores the lost
shape(anatomy) and function(physiology) of a natural
tooth.
Direct: It can be performed inside the patients mouth
e.g. a filling with restorative materials
Indirect:It can be made outside the patient’s mouth
and then cemented in place e.g. an inlay , a crown, an
onlay, or a fixed bridge.
It is fixed in nature and patient cannot remove it.

3. Figure of Restoration

4. Appliance :
It is an artificial technique by which
replacement of missing teeth are carried out
for proper speech, masticatory function of an
individual (e.g. complete and partial dentures
and removable bridge ) or by which
malaligned teeth are treated ( e.g. removable
orthodontic appliance or fixed orthodontic
appliance which is removed after the
treatment).

5. Figure of Appliance
A. Complete Denture: B. Partial Denture:
C. Orthodontic
appliance

6. Crown :
It is a fixed restoration for the entire or
major part of coronal (crown) portion of a
natural tooth. It may be metallic ( gold ,
Stainless Steel crown) or non-metallic
(acrylic jacket crown, porcelain jacket
crown).

7. Figure of Crown :
 Crown:

8. Bridge
It is a replacement for a missing tooth or teeth .
The two teeth adjacent to the space are called
abutments and they are to be prepared for
restorations (crown) to support the artificial
tooth which is called pontic. The restorations
are cemented on the abutments.

9. Preparation of bridge

10. Figure of Bridge

11. Partial Denture
It is a prosthetic appliance which is used to
replace one or a number of tooth but not all, of
the natural teeth and their supporting structures
is called a partial denture.
Partial denture can be constructed by two
materials: (1) Metallic: ( Gold alloys, Cobalt-
chromium alloys CO-Cr, Silver-palladium
alloys). (2) Non-metallic: HCAR, SCAR.

12. Parts of Partial Denture
 (1) Base or saddle : It is that part of the
denture which rests on the soft tissues covering
the bony ridge and to which the artificial teeth
are attached. It gives support and some direct
retention to the denture.
 (2) Connectors: These are those parts of a
denture which join other components (usually
saddles) to each other.They give support and
indirect retention to the denture.

13. Parts of Partial Denture (Cont..)
 (3). Clasps: This are the metal projections of a
partial denture that partially surround or contact
abutment teeth. They give direct retention to the
denture.
 (4) Rests: These are the metallic or acrylic
extensions from the partial denture that provide
support by preventing tissue wards movement
of the denture.
 (5) Artificial teeth

14. Partial Denture

15. Clasps
 Figure:

16. Important Definition
 Complete Denture : It is a prosthetic
appliance which is used to replace all of the
missing natural teeth.
Types : 1. Non-metallic (acrylic resin). 2.
Metallic Denture.

19. Important Definition (Cont..)
 Flow : Flow is the deformation of an amorphous
materials due to external force.
 Viscosity : It is the property of a fluid that resists the
force tending to cause the fluid to flow. It is due to
internal frictional force within the liquid.
 Onlay: An onlay is a dental restoration for an
individual tooth that is cemented on to the surface of
a tooth in contrast to an inlay that is being cemented
into a prepared cavity in the tooth. It is made of cast
gold alloy and is used primarily for mesio occluso-
distal coverage of posterior teeth.

20. Important Definition (Cont..)
 Adhesion: It is the molecular force of attraction
between two dissimilar body.
 Cohesion : It is the molecular force of attraction
between two similar body.
 Tarnishing: It means loss of brightness of the
metal surface. So tarnish affects the metal surface
and it is due to discolouration caused by chemical
changes. It does not affect the structure of the metal.
 Corrosion: It means the attacking of the surface of
the metals by some medium in close contact with it
and in course of time, the structure of the metal may
be completely disintegrated resulting weakening of
the material.