Teorema de máxima transferencia de potencia
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The document describes an experiment on the theorem of maximum power transfer. It shows measurements taken of voltage (V1), current through resistor R1, and voltage across load resistor RL for different values of RL ranging from 100 to 1000 ohms. The measurements illustrate that maximum power transfer occurs when the resistances of the source and load are matched.
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1) Kirchoff's rules were developed by Gustav Kirchoff in the 1800s to solve complex circuits.
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Circuit lab 5 kirchoff’s voltage law (kvl)@taj
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This lecture is from my class lectures in IIT-JU.
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Find me:
Website: https://www.tajimiitju.blogspot.com
Linked in: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tajimiitju
Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tajim_Md_Niamat_Ullah_Akhund
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/tajimiitju?sub_confirmation=1
Slideshare: https://www.slideshare.net/TajimMdNiamatUllahAk
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tajim.mohammad
Gitlab: https://gitlab.com/users/tajimiitju
Google+: plus.google.com/+tajimiitju
Email: tajim.mohammad.3@gmail.com
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Tajim53
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3) Blondel's theorem states that the total power in an N-wire system can be determined from the readings of N-1 wattmeters.
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2) It defines current as the rate of change of electric charge, voltage as electromotive force or potential, and power as the product of current and voltage.
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3) For a 100MVA generator with given reactances, the sustained short circuit current is 2467A, initial breaker current is 16882A, and maximum DC current is not provided.
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The document defines key circuit elements like nodes, branches, and loops. It describes Kirchoff's laws for voltage (KVL) and current (KCL) that relate the voltages and currents in a circuit. Examples are given to show applying KVL and KCL to solve for unknown voltages and currents. Series and parallel resistor combinations are also discussed.
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Kirchhoff's rules state that at any junction, the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving must be zero (junction rule), and that for any closed loop, the algebraic sum of the potential differences around the loop must be zero (loop rule). The document provides examples of applying these rules to solve for unknown currents and voltages in circuits containing batteries, resistors, and junctions.
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The document summarizes an experiment analyzing the effect of different speed control methods on a DC motor. Integral control reduces steady-state error but slows the system down. Proportional control is fast but leaves some steady-state error. PID control combines these methods. The experiment applies integral, proportional-integral, and proportional-integral-derivative control to a DC motor and records the response. Integral control alone resulted in an under-damped response. Adding proportional control reduced oscillations and settling time. The proportional-integral controller became unstable at high gains, but adding derivative control stabilized the system and reduced oscillations further.
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1. The document describes an experiment to determine the effects of VAR compensation on voltage regulation, power factor, and transmission efficiency for varying loads on a long transmission line.
2. A synchronous condenser is used to supply reactive power (VARs) to maintain zero voltage regulation as the load changes. The synchronous condenser takes lagging KVA when operating below a certain field current and supplies leading KVA above this level.
3. Observations were recorded for an RL load and RLC load with and without VAR compensation from the synchronous condenser. The results showed that the receiving voltage dropped more without compensation and that the synchronous condenser supplied a linear increase in VARs with increasing load.
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This document provides practice problems and answers for calculating values in parallel circuits. It contains 4 examples of parallel circuits with given voltages, resistances, and a table to calculate the total resistance, branch voltages, and currents. Learners are instructed to complete the tables with a partner and check their work against the highlighted answers.
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The document summarizes an experiment on a percentage differential relay. The experiment had three aims: to study the operating characteristics of the relay at 15% and 30% bias settings, to use the relay for single-phase transformer protection, and to study the harmonic restraint feature. Observations showed that increasing the bias setting required more current to trigger the relay. Testing the relay on a single-phase transformer demonstrated it would only operate for internal faults, verifying its protection zone. Introducing a DC branch also demonstrated the relay's harmonic restraint by increasing its tripping current.
11 kirchoffs laws bh
1) Kirchoff's rules were developed by Gustav Kirchoff in the 1800s to solve complex circuits.
2) Kirchoff's junction rule states that the sum of all currents entering a junction must equal the sum of all currents leaving the junction.
3) Kirchoff's loop rule states that the sum of the changes in potential around any closed loop in a circuit must be zero.
Circuit lab 5 kirchoff’s voltage law (kvl)@taj
Circuit lab 5 kirchoff’s voltage law (kvl)@taj
.
This lecture is from my class lectures in IIT-JU.
.
Find me:
Website: https://www.tajimiitju.blogspot.com
Linked in: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tajimiitju
Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tajim_Md_Niamat_Ullah_Akhund
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/tajimiitju?sub_confirmation=1
Slideshare: https://www.slideshare.net/TajimMdNiamatUllahAk
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tajim.mohammad
Gitlab: https://gitlab.com/users/tajimiitju
Google+: plus.google.com/+tajimiitju
Email: tajim.mohammad.3@gmail.com
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Tajim53
Experiment 4
1) The document describes an experiment to build a half-wave rectifier circuit using a diode, resistor, power supply, multitester, and oscilloscope.
2) It explains that half-wave rectification removes one half of the input signal to produce a DC output voltage.
3) The expected DC output voltage of the half-wave rectifier is calculated as Vp/π, where Vp is the peak voltage.
Electrical circuit
1) Potential difference is defined as the electric work or energy needed to move a positive electric charge from one point to another. It is measured in volts.
2) If 90 Joules of electrical energy is used to transfer 30 coulombs of charge from point A at 12 volts to point B, then the potential at point B is 3 volts.
3) Electrical instruments like voltmeters and ammeters are used to measure potential difference and current respectively. Voltmeters are connected in parallel while ammeters are connected in series within a circuit.
Damped vibrations
The document discusses damped vibrations of a spring-mass system. It notes that real systems experience damping due to friction, unlike the undamped model. There are three cases to consider based on the relationship between the damping coefficient c and spring constant k: A) heavily damped if c^2 - 4kM > 0, B) critically damped if c^2 - 4kM = 0, and C) underdamped if c^2 - 4kM < 0. For case A, the roots are distinct and real, leading to an exponential decay without oscillations. For case B, the roots are equal, resulting in decay attenuated by a linear factor.
Three Phase Theory
1) The document discusses three-phase power theory, including basic assumptions about three AC voltage sources displaced 120 degrees in time.
2) Key concepts covered include phasors, phase rotation, resistive/inductive/capacitive loads, instantaneous and average power, and Blondel's theorem for measuring power in a multi-wire system.
3) Blondel's theorem states that the total power in an N-wire system can be determined from the readings of N-1 wattmeters.
EEP303 Cycle ii exp-1
The document summarizes an experiment on synchronizing an alternator with an infinite bus and studying power exchange with the grid. It consists of three parts: 1) Synchronizing the alternator and studying the effect of prime mover speed on real power sharing, 2) Studying the effect of alternator excitation on reactive power sharing, 3) Recording observations on active and reactive power flows at different motor and excitation currents. The conclusions are that increasing prime mover speed increases real power transfer to the grid, while increasing alternator excitation above a zero-power level results in reactive power transfer to the grid (over-excitation) and decreasing excitation below that level draws reactive power from the grid (under-excitation).
kvl,ohm's law
1) The document discusses basic electrical concepts including current, voltage, power, resistors, and Kirchhoff's laws.
2) It defines current as the rate of change of electric charge, voltage as electromotive force or potential, and power as the product of current and voltage.
3) Kirchhoff's Current Law states that the sum of all currents entering a node in a circuit is zero, and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the sum of voltages around any loop in a circuit is zero.
Introduction to Instrument Transformers
This presentation discusses current transformers (CT's) and the accuracy, burden, load, errors, rating, and testing associated with them.
Experiment 4
1) The document is about an experiment conducted by a student to learn about half-wave rectification.
2) Half-wave rectification removes one half of the input signal to establish a DC level. The DC value of the output from a half-wave rectifier is equal to the peak voltage of the input signal divided by pi.
3) The student built the half-wave rectifier circuit, measured the output voltage using a multimeter and oscilloscope, and observed that the output waveform had both DC and AC components as expected.
Questions practice unit iv
1) A symmetrical short circuit occurs on a 22kV bus bar. The fault apparent power is 73MVA and the fault current is 1.91kA.
2) Fault current measurements for a 50MVA alternator allow calculation of its per unit sequence reactances as 1.403, 0.351, and 0.151.
3) For a 100MVA generator with given reactances, the sustained short circuit current is 2467A, initial breaker current is 16882A, and maximum DC current is not provided.
Kirchoff
The document defines key circuit elements like nodes, branches, and loops. It describes Kirchoff's laws for voltage (KVL) and current (KCL) that relate the voltages and currents in a circuit. Examples are given to show applying KVL and KCL to solve for unknown voltages and currents. Series and parallel resistor combinations are also discussed.
7. kirchhoff s_rules
Kirchhoff's rules state that at any junction, the algebraic sum of the currents entering and leaving must be zero (junction rule), and that for any closed loop, the algebraic sum of the potential differences around the loop must be zero (loop rule). The document provides examples of applying these rules to solve for unknown currents and voltages in circuits containing batteries, resistors, and junctions.
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medición del nivel y del flujo
Esta presentación resume los principales momentos en la medición del nivel y del flujo, como parte del grupo de las principales magnitudes presentes en la industria. Este material se utiliza para el curso de instrumentación en UTPL, semestre septiembre 2011.
Resolución de circuitos con Kirchoff
Las leyes de Kirchhoff establecen que: 1) la suma de intensidades que entran a un nudo es igual a la suma de las que salen, y 2) la suma de tensiones en un circuito cerrado es igual a la suma de caídas de tensión. El documento explica los 11 pasos para aplicar estas leyes y resolver circuitos eléctricos, incluyendo identificar nudos, ramas, mallas, direcciones, ecuaciones, y verificar la solución.
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Clase 9 teorema de la maxima transferencia de potencia
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Teorema de máxima transferencia de potencia
- 1. Circuitos Eléctricos I (laboratorio) Ing. Anderson Calderón Alva TEOREMA DE MÁXIMA TRANSFERENCIA DE POTENCIA V1 9V R1 +45.0 mA 100 +30.0 SANTILLÁN SALAZAR RUBEN SANDRO 13190083 BALLARTA MARTÍNEZ LENIN HERLYNE 12190177 +2.25 Volts RL 100 V1 9V R1 mA 100 +3.00 Volts RL 200
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- 4. Circuitos Eléctricos I (laboratorio) Ing. Anderson Calderón Alva V1 9V R1 +14.3 mA 100 +3.79 Volts RL 530 V1 9V R1 +13.8 mA 100 +3.81 Volts RL 550
- 5. Circuitos Eléctricos I (laboratorio) Ing. Anderson Calderón Alva V1 9V R1 +13.2 mA 100 +3.84 Volts RL 580 V1 9V R1 +12.9 mA 100 +3.86 Volts RL 600
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