Tenses indicate the time and state of an action or event in relation to the time of speaking. There are three main tenses - present, past, and future - which can be further specified by mood, aspect, and other categories such as definite or indefinite, completed or not completed. Common aspects include the continuous and perfect forms. For example, the present continuous tense ("is playing") indicates a current ongoing action, while the past perfect tense ("had played") emphasizes that one past action was completed before another past action.

2. A TENSE may be defined as that form of a verb which
indicates the time and the state of an action or
event.
OR
In grammar, an inflected form of a verb indicating the
time of a narrated event in relation to the time at which
the narrator is speaking.
Time is often perceived as a continuum with three main
divisions, past, present, and future, defined in relation
to the time when the event is described. Other
categories, including mood and aspect, may further
specify the action as definite or indefinite, completed
or not completed, lasting or non lasting, and recurring
or occurring once.

3. Present
tense
Past
tense
Future
tense

4. • Indefinite
• Continuous
• Perfect
• Perfect Continuous
• Indefinite
• Continuous
• Perfect
• Perfect Continuous
• Indefinite
• Continuous
• Perfect
• Perfect Continuous

5. Tense Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect
Continuous
Present He Plays He is playing He has Played He has been
Played
Past He played He was playing He had Played He had been
Played
Future He will Play He will be playing He will have
Played
He will have
been Played

7. This tense is generally used to donate ‘
habit, custom, practice, repeated
action, permanent activity, general
truth ’ etc.
He goes to school.

8. 2.
This tense is normally used for an action in
progress that is temporary in nature (not
for a permanent activity) in the present
time of speaking.
She is not swimming.she is working on
computer.

9. This tense is a mixture of present and past.
At the time of speaking the action is
already complete in the past. It always
implies a strong connection with the
present though action took in the past.
He has played.

11. This tense is used for a pasthabit, indicated
generally by-
‘Often, seldom, normally, usually,
occasionally, sometimes, never,
always, rarely, used to, would’ etc.
I used to go to Delhi by car

12. I. This tense is chiefly used for past action
in progress.
II. It is also used for a definite arrangement
for future in the past.
 It was still raining when I reached there.
 He was leaving that night.

13. This is used when out of two action it is
necessary to emphasize that the
preceding action was completely finished
before the succeeding action started.
He had finished his work.

15. This tense expresses an action that is to
take place in future. For ex: ‘Soon,
shortly, in a few moments, tomorrow,
presently (soon), next year/month/week
’ etc. indicates future action.
 Ritu will take examination next
month.
 They will come here shortly.

16. I. This tense is used to express an action that will
be in progress with a point of time in future.
II. And also used to express the future indefinite
tense or definite future arrangement
For example :-
 She will be waiting for me when I reach her
home.
 They will be playing a match.

17. I. This tense is used when out of two actions it is
necessary to emphasize that the preceding
action will be completely finished before the
succeeding acton starts in future.
II. It is also used to express time expression.
 She will have already prepared food when
I reach home.
 He will have suffered a lot by now since
his birth.