1) The document defines temperature and different ways of measuring it, including various temperature scales like Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. 2) Methods of temperature measurement are discussed, including thermometers, thermocouples, and pyrometers. Conversion formulas between temperature scales are also provided. 3) Several problems are presented involving converting temperatures between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin scales and calculating temperature changes. Absolute zero is defined as the lowest possible temperature where entropy reaches its minimum value.

1. GROUP 1
PowerPuffGirlz/Bo
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Application of temperature in the industry
Defiinition and Conversion of Temperature
Measuring Temperature
Absolute Temperature
Zeroth Law

2. TEMPERATU
RE

3. Definition

4. Property

5. For example, a
lightening bolt can
heat a small portion
of the atmosphere
hotter than the
surface of the sun

6. Tools
it is measured by
a thermometer, which may
be calibrated in any of
various temperature
scales, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvi
n, Rankine, etc.

7. Thermometers
Thermocouple
Pyrometer
Liquid Crystal Thermometer
Beckman

8. Deriving the
Celsius-to-Fahrenheit
Conversion Formula

9. CONVERSION B/W DIFFERENT
TEMPERATURE SCALES
1.Determine change in T from the ice
point of the given reading from its scale.
2. Convert answer in step 1 using the
conversion factor of the scales.
3. Add or subtract the answer in Step 3
from the ice point of the new scale.

10. Example 2
The ice point and boiling point of ⁰A are
-30.0 ⁰A and +60.0 ⁰A respectively. On the
other hand ⁰B has +20.0 ⁰B and +130.0 ⁰B
respectively.
a). Using the data, determine the number of
B degrees on the B scale that corresponds to
1 ⁰A on the A scale.
b). If the temperature of a substance reads
+40 ⁰A on the a scale, what would the
temperature read on the B scale?

11. Problems

12. PROBLEM 1
A pan of water is heated from 25C to 80C.
What is the change in its temperature on
the Kelvin Scale and on the Fahrenheit
scale?

13. A time and temperature sign on a back
indicates that the outdoor temperature is -
20C. Find the corresponding temperature
in the Fahrenheit scale.
PROBLEM 2

14. During a heating process, the temperature
of a system rises by 10C express the rise
in temperature in Kelvin and Fahrenheit.
PROBLEM 3

15. You place a small piece of melting ice in
your mouth eventually the water converts
from ice at T1=32F to body temperature
T2=98.6F. Express these temperatures as
Celcius and Kelvin, and find change in T in
both cases.
PROBLEM 4

16. ABSOLUTE
ZERO

17. Definition
Absolute zero is the coldest
possible temperature.
It is the temperature at
which entropy reaches its
minimum value.

18. 0K Kelvin
0 R Rankine
−273.15° Celsius
−459.67° Fahrenheit
Absolute Zero Standards

19. Scientists have achieved temperatures
extremely close to absolute zero, where
matter exhibits quantum effects such
as superconductivity and
superfluidity

20. ZEROTH
LAW

21. It deals with the concept
of thermal equilibrium.
Definition

22. Two systems are said to
be in thermal equilibrium
if there is
no net flow of heat
between them when they
are brought into thermal
contact.

23. Then, temperature is the indicator
of thermal equilibrium in the sense
that there is no net flow of heat
between two systems in thermal
contact that have the same
temperature.

25. END

26. References
• -wikipedia.org
• College Physics 6th Edition, Cutnell and
Johnson, Wiley Publishing
• Thermodynamics 1, Hipolyto Sta. Maria,