Telecom Asia October 2012 issue
Telecom Asia | October 10, 2012
In the October Issue
Cover: Making money from prepaid data
One-to-One: Breaking into the LTE game
IP Capacity: Growth still strong, but slowing
Country Focus: Indonesia
Tanner: Apple starts to lose its bite
This is a stock pitch for BlackBerry that was presented to faculty and investment professionals for the Cleveland Research Company Stock Pitch Competition in April 2017. My team's pitch was selected as one of the four finalist groups.
Technology, Media & Telecommunications Predictions - Deloitte - 2012Romain Fonnier
Le cabinet de conseil et d'études Deloitte a publié, vendredi 3 février, la 11ème édition de ses «Technology, Media & Télécommunications Predictions», dans laquelle elle présente 12 principales tendances qui marqueront l'année 2012.
Parmi celles-ci, Deloitte annonce une «ère nouvelle pour la publicité en ligne». Tandis que l'ensemble du secteur de la publicité progressera de 5% et que les dépenses réalisées sur Internet augmenteront de 11%, Deloitte s'attend à une croissance de 50% pour la publicité online de type branding, c'est-à-dire les bannières, le rich media, le sponsoring, les réseaux sociaux et les formats vidéo.
Deloitte regrette par ailleurs que les technologies de ciblage de la publicité TV, en constante progression, restent sous-exploitées. Elles ne représenteront que 0,10% des 227 milliards de dollars du marché de la publicité TV dans le monde en 2012.
En termes d'outils marketing, Deloitte prévoit que les IRM fonctionnelles (neuromarketing) deviendront l'outil privilégié des publicitaires en 2012, conjugué à des techniques de marketing traditionnelles.
L’ensemble des 12 tendances TMT :
1- La demande du grand public en technologies résistera aux turbulences de l'économie.
2- Le marché des tablettes se diversifiera, avec une croissance phénoménale du multi-équipement : «elles auront en 2012 le taux de pénétration du marché des ‘produits achetés à plusieurs reprises’ le plus rapide de l'histoire».
3- Les grands projets de «Big Data» se multiplieront dans les secteurs Internet, banques-finances, service public, grande distribution, loisirs et médias.
4- Le stockage de données sur SSD («Solid State Drives») et les mémoires flash surpassent l'utilisation des disques durs.
5- L’hyperciblage de la publicité TV reste à un niveau très bas en raison des coûts prohibitifs de développement des campagnes.
6- Le marketing est tombé sur la tête : IRM et médias.
7- L'utilisation du rattrapage des programmes se développera dans les transports, grâce au Digital Video Recorder.
8- Une ère nouvelle pour la publicité en ligne.
9- Les technologies NFC («Near Field Communication»), avec intégration d'une carte de crédit au téléphone portable.
10- L'Internet illimité disparaîtra des abonnements mobiles.
11- «Web Bypass» : la connectivité sans Internet.
12- Plus d'un demi-milliard de smartphones à bas prix (moins de 100$) seront vendus d'ici fin 2012.
Clipperton Finance, a leading European corporate finance boutique serving the technology and media industries, has released a Newsletter concentrating on European e-commerce. Clipperton Finance has provided transaction services to European Technology and Media companies since its inception in 2003.
Following the short-term fall-out of the financial crisis in mid-2008, we have observed a significant increase in investment activity in the European e-commerce space which shows no sign of abating. Investors are attracted to a segment with favorable macro-drivers, capital efficiency through early revenue generation and a thorough understanding of key performance metrics.
The purpose of this report is to evaluate the trends that make this market so attractive, to understand the challenges for European e-commerce companies, and to explore some future developments.
Companies featured in the newsletter include: Aramis, Avail Intelligence, MonShowRoom, Criteo, Tailor Store, Graze, Spartoo, Euroffice, Fizzback
Outlook on Online Display Advertising Trends by Clipperton FinanceClipperton Finance
This white paper covers the trends and evolutions in the online advertising technology space.
This report delves into the historical evolution of digital marketing and its underlying growth drivers. We look at how the convergence between branding and performance based online advertising will most likely accelerate further digital marketing growth creating value for all players across the value chain. The pursuit of this target will undoubtedly require players to leverage new technologies and formats to develop and standardize a comprehensive set of measurement tools for customers.
Which companies are best positioned to win in this changing market? Leaders of the first online advertisement generation or new comers? We have selected some of the European companies that may have a card to play in the upcoming ad tech landscape.
Clipperton Finance has been historically active in the adtech space as illustrated by the recent $12 million equity fundraise transaction for Videoplaza - a leading Swedish video ad serving company - and Dailymotion’s $150 million sale to Orange.
This is a stock pitch for BlackBerry that was presented to faculty and investment professionals for the Cleveland Research Company Stock Pitch Competition in April 2017. My team's pitch was selected as one of the four finalist groups.
Technology, Media & Telecommunications Predictions - Deloitte - 2012Romain Fonnier
Le cabinet de conseil et d'études Deloitte a publié, vendredi 3 février, la 11ème édition de ses «Technology, Media & Télécommunications Predictions», dans laquelle elle présente 12 principales tendances qui marqueront l'année 2012.
Parmi celles-ci, Deloitte annonce une «ère nouvelle pour la publicité en ligne». Tandis que l'ensemble du secteur de la publicité progressera de 5% et que les dépenses réalisées sur Internet augmenteront de 11%, Deloitte s'attend à une croissance de 50% pour la publicité online de type branding, c'est-à-dire les bannières, le rich media, le sponsoring, les réseaux sociaux et les formats vidéo.
Deloitte regrette par ailleurs que les technologies de ciblage de la publicité TV, en constante progression, restent sous-exploitées. Elles ne représenteront que 0,10% des 227 milliards de dollars du marché de la publicité TV dans le monde en 2012.
En termes d'outils marketing, Deloitte prévoit que les IRM fonctionnelles (neuromarketing) deviendront l'outil privilégié des publicitaires en 2012, conjugué à des techniques de marketing traditionnelles.
L’ensemble des 12 tendances TMT :
1- La demande du grand public en technologies résistera aux turbulences de l'économie.
2- Le marché des tablettes se diversifiera, avec une croissance phénoménale du multi-équipement : «elles auront en 2012 le taux de pénétration du marché des ‘produits achetés à plusieurs reprises’ le plus rapide de l'histoire».
3- Les grands projets de «Big Data» se multiplieront dans les secteurs Internet, banques-finances, service public, grande distribution, loisirs et médias.
4- Le stockage de données sur SSD («Solid State Drives») et les mémoires flash surpassent l'utilisation des disques durs.
5- L’hyperciblage de la publicité TV reste à un niveau très bas en raison des coûts prohibitifs de développement des campagnes.
6- Le marketing est tombé sur la tête : IRM et médias.
7- L'utilisation du rattrapage des programmes se développera dans les transports, grâce au Digital Video Recorder.
8- Une ère nouvelle pour la publicité en ligne.
9- Les technologies NFC («Near Field Communication»), avec intégration d'une carte de crédit au téléphone portable.
10- L'Internet illimité disparaîtra des abonnements mobiles.
11- «Web Bypass» : la connectivité sans Internet.
12- Plus d'un demi-milliard de smartphones à bas prix (moins de 100$) seront vendus d'ici fin 2012.
Clipperton Finance, a leading European corporate finance boutique serving the technology and media industries, has released a Newsletter concentrating on European e-commerce. Clipperton Finance has provided transaction services to European Technology and Media companies since its inception in 2003.
Following the short-term fall-out of the financial crisis in mid-2008, we have observed a significant increase in investment activity in the European e-commerce space which shows no sign of abating. Investors are attracted to a segment with favorable macro-drivers, capital efficiency through early revenue generation and a thorough understanding of key performance metrics.
The purpose of this report is to evaluate the trends that make this market so attractive, to understand the challenges for European e-commerce companies, and to explore some future developments.
Companies featured in the newsletter include: Aramis, Avail Intelligence, MonShowRoom, Criteo, Tailor Store, Graze, Spartoo, Euroffice, Fizzback
Outlook on Online Display Advertising Trends by Clipperton FinanceClipperton Finance
This white paper covers the trends and evolutions in the online advertising technology space.
This report delves into the historical evolution of digital marketing and its underlying growth drivers. We look at how the convergence between branding and performance based online advertising will most likely accelerate further digital marketing growth creating value for all players across the value chain. The pursuit of this target will undoubtedly require players to leverage new technologies and formats to develop and standardize a comprehensive set of measurement tools for customers.
Which companies are best positioned to win in this changing market? Leaders of the first online advertisement generation or new comers? We have selected some of the European companies that may have a card to play in the upcoming ad tech landscape.
Clipperton Finance has been historically active in the adtech space as illustrated by the recent $12 million equity fundraise transaction for Videoplaza - a leading Swedish video ad serving company - and Dailymotion’s $150 million sale to Orange.
2014 Tech M&A Monthly - New World of BuyersCorum Group
The world of buyers for technology companies is very different than it was just a few years ago. The rise of Private Equity, a new generation of international buyers, disruptive change creating new tech giants and destabilizing old ones – today, your ultimate buyer may be someone you've never heard of, in a country you've never visited. In the August edition of the Tech M&A Monthly webcast, join Corum Group dealmakers and experts as they examine the new classes of buyers that you need to be aware of as you consider your company’s future. Plus the key deals trends and valuations of the last month, and a special report on M&A in the gaming sector.
BIG DATA has to be the hottest topic in the boardrooms of blue chip companies - organizations with access to vast amounts of data that promises to have a massive impact on their businesses... But if you're not Amazon, Google, Walmart and Tesco what does it mean to your business? What about MOTOR DEALERS for example?
Hot technology trends for 2020 and beyond: A preview of Deloitte’s annual Tec...Deloitte United States
Get an early preview of Deloitte's 11th annual Tech Trends report, and subscribe to receive it as soon as it's published in early 2020: https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/technology/articles/technology-consulting-tech-trends-subscribe.html
Deloitte's 11th annual Tech Trends report, releasing early 2020, will build upon the nine macro technology forces that form the backbone of business strategy and transformation: experience, analytics, cloud, core modernization, risk, the business of technology, digital reality, cognitive, and blockchain. To prepare for 2020, we explore the latest technology advancements that companies are harnessing to help launch completely new products and business models in record time—from human-technology interaction and the pursuit of brand trust to elevation of systems architecture, IT and finance innovating at the speed of agile, and digital twin applications that bridge the digital and physical.
“What the hell is cloud computing?” After a year, those infamous words of Oracle CEO Larry Ellison still resonate. The definition of cloud computing is hazy at best, and many companies remain wary of the technology over concerns about infrastructure, security and regulation.
Cloud computing has unique potential to save the enterprise cost, reduce complexity and provide highly available service to the end-user or client. With such compelling benefits, companies should look to understand cloud better—what it is, what it isn’t and what it will be.
In this webinar, Yankee Group analysts Agatha Poon and Camille Mendler define cloud computing and explore the capabilities and challenges of the technology.
Evolving Service Provider Business ModelsYankee Group
The irrational exuberance of the Enron era led many communications service providers (CSPs) to financial ruin, and paying penance for past excesses consumed the first decade of the 21st century. But Yankee Group argues that it's time to shed the hair shirt.
Despite a crowded competitive environment, new business models are emerging to lead CSPs into a vibrant future. However, CSPs must have the courage to transform. Hard decisions about what is core and non-core are required.
In this webinar, Yankee Group VP and Senior Research Fellow Camille Mendler explores the ever-evolving CSP business model.
How Can the Telecom Industry Start Growing Again?Yankee Group
Will wireless kill wireline vendors? Will Google kill telcos? What is next-gen? The idea of strategic growth conjures up dozens of questions—and no specific answers. Mobile traffic is rising, and consumers and enterprises are constantly demanding more bandwidth, content and speed. The communications industry must work to keep up by both evolving traditional business models and building the capacious, ubiquitous network needed to satisfy demand.
Based on, and including, interviews with a global panel of experts from world-leading institutions, Capitalising on the Digital Age outlines future revenue models and strategies that media and telecoms firms should consider adopting in order to prosper in a world where the value of traditional business models is slowly being eroded.
Robots. Thinking machines. Trusted exchanges of anything.
Automated everything. This is the new reality of the Financial
Services industry. Today, the global banking industry faces a
rebirth by necessity that is challenging traditional operating,
workforce and leadership models, as well as inviting
tremendous opportunity. PSD2, and its arrival in 2018, will
further fuel the tension between opportunity and disruption, as
fintechs and tech incumbents muscle in on the ownership of
banks’ customer data, and offer broader choices to consumers,
reinventing the financial customer journey.
2014 Tech M&A Monthly - New World of BuyersCorum Group
The world of buyers for technology companies is very different than it was just a few years ago. The rise of Private Equity, a new generation of international buyers, disruptive change creating new tech giants and destabilizing old ones – today, your ultimate buyer may be someone you've never heard of, in a country you've never visited. In the August edition of the Tech M&A Monthly webcast, join Corum Group dealmakers and experts as they examine the new classes of buyers that you need to be aware of as you consider your company’s future. Plus the key deals trends and valuations of the last month, and a special report on M&A in the gaming sector.
BIG DATA has to be the hottest topic in the boardrooms of blue chip companies - organizations with access to vast amounts of data that promises to have a massive impact on their businesses... But if you're not Amazon, Google, Walmart and Tesco what does it mean to your business? What about MOTOR DEALERS for example?
Hot technology trends for 2020 and beyond: A preview of Deloitte’s annual Tec...Deloitte United States
Get an early preview of Deloitte's 11th annual Tech Trends report, and subscribe to receive it as soon as it's published in early 2020: https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/technology/articles/technology-consulting-tech-trends-subscribe.html
Deloitte's 11th annual Tech Trends report, releasing early 2020, will build upon the nine macro technology forces that form the backbone of business strategy and transformation: experience, analytics, cloud, core modernization, risk, the business of technology, digital reality, cognitive, and blockchain. To prepare for 2020, we explore the latest technology advancements that companies are harnessing to help launch completely new products and business models in record time—from human-technology interaction and the pursuit of brand trust to elevation of systems architecture, IT and finance innovating at the speed of agile, and digital twin applications that bridge the digital and physical.
“What the hell is cloud computing?” After a year, those infamous words of Oracle CEO Larry Ellison still resonate. The definition of cloud computing is hazy at best, and many companies remain wary of the technology over concerns about infrastructure, security and regulation.
Cloud computing has unique potential to save the enterprise cost, reduce complexity and provide highly available service to the end-user or client. With such compelling benefits, companies should look to understand cloud better—what it is, what it isn’t and what it will be.
In this webinar, Yankee Group analysts Agatha Poon and Camille Mendler define cloud computing and explore the capabilities and challenges of the technology.
Evolving Service Provider Business ModelsYankee Group
The irrational exuberance of the Enron era led many communications service providers (CSPs) to financial ruin, and paying penance for past excesses consumed the first decade of the 21st century. But Yankee Group argues that it's time to shed the hair shirt.
Despite a crowded competitive environment, new business models are emerging to lead CSPs into a vibrant future. However, CSPs must have the courage to transform. Hard decisions about what is core and non-core are required.
In this webinar, Yankee Group VP and Senior Research Fellow Camille Mendler explores the ever-evolving CSP business model.
How Can the Telecom Industry Start Growing Again?Yankee Group
Will wireless kill wireline vendors? Will Google kill telcos? What is next-gen? The idea of strategic growth conjures up dozens of questions—and no specific answers. Mobile traffic is rising, and consumers and enterprises are constantly demanding more bandwidth, content and speed. The communications industry must work to keep up by both evolving traditional business models and building the capacious, ubiquitous network needed to satisfy demand.
Based on, and including, interviews with a global panel of experts from world-leading institutions, Capitalising on the Digital Age outlines future revenue models and strategies that media and telecoms firms should consider adopting in order to prosper in a world where the value of traditional business models is slowly being eroded.
Robots. Thinking machines. Trusted exchanges of anything.
Automated everything. This is the new reality of the Financial
Services industry. Today, the global banking industry faces a
rebirth by necessity that is challenging traditional operating,
workforce and leadership models, as well as inviting
tremendous opportunity. PSD2, and its arrival in 2018, will
further fuel the tension between opportunity and disruption, as
fintechs and tech incumbents muscle in on the ownership of
banks’ customer data, and offer broader choices to consumers,
reinventing the financial customer journey.
Thailand Internet User Profile 2013 PresentationPeerasak C.
by Electronic Transactions Development Agency (Public Organization) - http://www.etda.or.th/etda_website/mains/index
via Thumbsup in Thailand - https://www.facebook.com/thumbsupth
Status Quo of Telco Players Initiatives in Africa
Quintessence of the ICT Value Proposition
Paradox of Quasar Contenders and Their shortcoming
Conundrum of Real Options as Strategic Portfolio
Lessons learnt from Successful ICT Use Cases
Join your peers at the leading dedicated oil and gas enterprise mobility event series in London this March. View the full agenda here: http://bit.ly/1GSJA0t
Mobile VAS and Multimedia Ecosystem and Value‐Chain over 4G and 4.5G Network ...Ali Saghaeian
The slides cover a broad range of topics, including:
4G and 4.5G as the Next Uplift of Growth
The Evolution of Mobile Operators' Business Model
Possible Changes in the Value Chain
How to take the Smart Pipe VAS Strategy
Data as the key to create Competing Value
Key Drivers and Success Factors in Future Networks
Operators' Strategies in the Value Chain
Digital Economy and the Evolving Ecosystem
In this webinar we review the global state of the telecom industry, in particular after the Mobile World Congress. We put a particular focus on growth opportunities around new technologies, new engagement models and also highlight specific revenue opportunities from the startup field.
We invited Mario Mayerthaler, Head of A1 Group Innovation Telekom Austria, as a guest speaker to outline how A1 is approaching the startup opportunity and what lessons were learned. A1 is actively engaging with startups through its Startup Campus as well as through different business units directly.
Comarch Technology Review provides expert commentary and analysis on current trends shaping the telecommunications market, as well as insight on how to solve problems most commonly faced by telecom operators.
This unique and comprehensive publication is written by our specialists with expertise in various fields, ranging from BSS and OSS to VAS and professional services.
The new rules of engagement are being written by Communications Service Providers’ customers. Releasing trapped value to make investments in future B2C and B2B growth is urgent in order to survive.
Executive Commentary: Cloud Computing Milestones for 2010Yankee Group
More than 25 percent of Yankee Group survey respondents say they expect at least a third of their infrastructure to move to cloud computing in the next 12 months, but company-wide adoption remains low. To uncover what lies ahead for cloud computing in 2010, Yankee Group interviewed executives from 25 cloud computing pioneers—including early cloud service providers, telecom operators, and infrastructure and software vendors. Their unique perspectives and key strategies tout the power of the cloud and offer a view into its impact: Is cloud computing an evolution or a revolution?
In this webinar, Yankee Group analysts Zeus Kerravala and Agatha Poon join a panel of experts, from Arista, Sybase and Microsoft, to explore the cloud marketplace and reveal the key technology milestones and metrics that matter for 2010.
Tips for the Food sector: To keep up with this constantly shifting consumer behavior, look for early signs by using Google Trends to see how demand for certain food products or delivery services is changing to meet people’s needs.
Tips for Travel marketers: Our APAC travel recovery itinerary revealed that people have local trips and safety in mind, so marketers should seek to provide safety information upfront and present local product offerings and fun activities.
Tips for keeping people entertained: Though some people who signed up for a new entertainment source might stay, there’s also a higher likelihood of churn when their trial period ends. If you saw an increase in people signing up for your online products and services, focus on retention to keep them coming back, especially if you offered a free trial during the pandemic.
Tips for merchants: Make sure you integrate digital payment options for your consumers. Digital payments are expected to see a continued boost post-COVID-19, and trust in e-Wallets will likely increase.
Although there is still some instability, the internet sector in SEA is set to emerge stronger than ever in a post-COVID-19 world. The digital economy remains a bright spot in a very challenging economic environment, and e-Commerce remains a key driver of growth. The biggest takeaway for brands and marketers is the need to focus on people and their changing habits online, as well as keeping up with changing trends, as we continue to understand what our new normal will look like in the future.
A Roadmap for CrossBorder Data Flows: Future-Proofing Readiness and Cooperati...Peerasak C.
The World Economic Forum partnered with the Bahrain Economic Development Board and a Steering Committee-led project community of organizations from around the world to co-design the Roadmap for Cross-Border Data Flows, with the aim of identifying best-practice policies that both promote innovation in data-intensive technologies and enable data collaboration at the regional and international levels.
Creating effective policy on cross-border data flows is a priority for any nation that critically depends on its interactions with the rest of the world through the free flow of capital, goods, knowledge and people. Now more than ever, cross-border data flows are key predicates for countries and regions that wish to compete in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and thrive in the post COVID-19 era.
Despite this reality, we are witnessing a proliferation of policies around the world that restrict the movement of data across borders, which is posing a serious threat to the global digital economy, and to the ability of nations to maximize the economic and social benefits of data-reliant technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain.
We hope that countries wishing to engage in cross-border data sharing can feel confident in using the Roadmap as a guide for designing robust respective domestic policies that retain a fine balance between the benefits and risks of data flows.
“Freelancing in America” (FIA) is the most comprehensive study of the independent workforce. Commissioned by Upwork and
Freelancers Union, this study analyzes the size and impact of the freelance economy, as well as the motivations and challenges of this way of working. This year 53 percent of Gen Z workers freelanced—the highest independent workforce participation of any age bracket since FIA’s launch in 2014.
How to start a business: Checklist and CanvasPeerasak C.
How to start a business
A 15-point checklist and notes to take you from idea to launch
It’s critical to understand and manage your startup costs and cash flow wisely. If you aren’t self-funded, find out which investment options make the most sense for your business.
Outsourcing or hiring employees who are experts in their field will free up your time to focus on what you do best so you can drive faster growth. You can also lean on business partners in your community for support and to collectively grow your customer base.
Always remember, fortune favors the bold. But, it also smiles upon those who are prepared.
Download the business model canvas and full checklist here:
https://quickbooks.intuit.com/cas/dam/DOCUMENT/A5AuvH7EZ/Checklist-and-canvas.pdf
The Multiple Effects of Business Planning on New Venture PerformancePeerasak C.
ABSTRACT
We investigate the multiple effects of writing a business plan prior to start-up on new venture performance. We argue that the impact of business plans depends on the purpose for and circumstances in which they are being used. We offer an empirical methodology which can account for these multiple effects while disentangling real impact effects from selection
effects. We apply this to English data where we find that business plans promote employment growth. This is found to be due to the impact of the plan and not selection effects.
- Source: https://www.effectuation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/The-Multiple-Effects-of-Business-Planning-onNew-Venture-Performance-1.pdf
Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030. Standford U. Sep.2016Peerasak C.
Executive Summary
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a science and a set of computational technologies that are inspired by—but typically operate quite differently from—the ways people use their nervous systems and bodies to sense, learn, reason, and take action. While the rate of progress in AI has been patchy and unpredictable, there have been significant advances since the field's inception sixty years ago. Once a mostly academic area of study, twenty-first century AI enables a constellation of mainstream technologies that are having a substantial impact on everyday lives. Computer vision and AI planning, for example, drive the video games that are now a bigger entertainment industry than Hollywood. Deep learning, a form of machine learning based on layered representations of variables referred to as neural networks, has made speech-understanding practical on our phones and in our kitchens, and its algorithms can be applied widely to an array of applications that rely on pattern recognition. Natural Language Processing (NLP) and knowledge representation and reasoning have enabled a machine to beat the Jeopardy champion and are bringing new power to Web searches.
- Source: Peter Stone, Rodney Brooks, Erik Brynjolfsson, Ryan Calo, Oren Etzioni, Greg Hager, Julia Hirschberg, Shivaram Kalyanakrishnan, Ece Kamar, Sarit Kraus, Kevin Leyton-Brown, David Parkes, William Press, AnnaLee Saxenian, Julie Shah, Milind Tambe, and Astro Teller. "Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030." One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence: Report of the 2015-2016 Study Panel, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, September 2016. Doc: http://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report. Accessed: September 6, 2016.
Testing Business Ideas by David Bland & Alex Osterwalder Peerasak C.
"This new Strategyzer book builds upon the Business Model Canvas and Value Proposition Canvas by integrating Assumptions Mapping and other powerful lean startup-style experiments." The Strategyzer
Free download: https://www.strategyzer.com/emails/testing-business-ideas-preview-free-download
To buy: https://www.strategyzer.com/books/testing-business-ideas-david-j-bland ; Amazon.com: Testing Business Ideas (9781119551447): David J. Bland, Alexander Osterwalder: Books https://amzn.to/2Pg7foy
Royal Virtues by Somdet Phra Buddhaghosajahn (P. A. Payutto) translated by Ja...Peerasak C.
Foreword
On the 13th October 2016 His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej, the ninth monarch of his line, passed away. This was a cause of great grief to the people of Thailand. Before long his subjects were queuing in huge numbers to pay their respects to his body, a phenomenon that has continued for the many succeeding months. Now, with just over a year having passed, the Royal Cremation Ceremony is to take place on 26th October 2017.
On such a momentous occasion it is important that the admirable demonstration of gratitude for all that His Majesty has given to the nation, should be supplemented by the effort to express that gratitude by carrying on his good works for the longlasting benefit of our country. Last year I delivered a Dhamma discourse which encouraged this effort, and it has now been published as ธรรมของพระราชา; this book is its English translation.
I would like to express my appreciation for all the people with the faith and devotion to Dhamma, and with the best of wishes for the nation in mind, who have contributed to the publication of this book for free distribution. May the Dhamma be propagated and may wisdom be spread far and wide, for the long-lasting fulfilment of His Majesty the King’s fundamental goals: the welfare and happiness of all.
Somdet Phra Buddhaghosajahn
(P. A. Payutto)
---
Source: http://book.watnyanaves.net/index.php?floor=other-language
Reference
e-Conomy SEA is a multi-year research program launched by Google and Temasek in 2016. Bain & Company joined the program as lead research partner in 2019. The research leverages Bain analysis, Google Trends, Temasek research, industry sources and expert interviews to shed light on the Internet economy in Southeast Asia. The information included in this report is sourced as “Google & Temasek / Bain, e-Conomy SEA 2019” except from third parties specified otherwise.
Disclaimer
The information in this report is provided on an “as is” basis. This document was produced by and the opinions expressed are those of Google, Temasek, Bain and other third parties involved as of the date of writing and are subject to change. It has been prepared solely for information purposes over a limited time period to provide a perspective on the market. Projected market and financial information, analyses and conclusions contained herein should not be construed as definitive forecasts or guarantees of future performance or results. Google, Temasek, Bain or any of their affiliates or any third party involved makes no representation or warranty, either expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the
information in the report and shall not be liable for any loss arising from the use hereof. Google does not provide market analysis or financial projections. Google internal data was not used in the development of this report.
General Population Census of the Kingdom of Cambodia 2019Peerasak C.
Provisional Population Totals of GPCC 2019 show that the total de facto population of Cambodia on March 3, 2019 stood at 15,288,489. This is the population that spent the night at the
place of enumeration, thereby excluding those that were abroad, even if only briefly. The total population has increased from 13,395,682 in the 2008 Census. Thus, the population has grown by 1,892,807 persons, which represents 14.1%, over the period of 11 years from 2008 to 2019. The male population was 7,418,577 (48.5%) and the female population stood at 7,869,912 (51.5%). The average size of households was stable since 2008 at 4.6 persons.
The first census conducted in Cambodia in 1962 after independence from France, counted a total population of 5.7 million. The demographic situation of the nation changed dramatically after this first census, because of war and civil unrest. The country carried out no further total counts until
1998. But demographers did undertake some population estimations for the purpose of planning and policy development. A Demographic Survey 1979-1980 estimated the total Cambodia population at approximately 6.6 million. Later, the Socio-Economic Survey of 1994 led by NIS estimated the total population of Cambodia at 9.9 million. In March 1996, the NIS conducted another Demographic Survey covering 20,000 households, which estimated the total population of Cambodia at 10.7 million. Next, the total population determined by the 1998 Census was 11.4 million. The NIS also undertook an Inter-Censal Survey in 2004 and found the population to have increased to 12.8 million. Following a pattern of steady increases, the 2008 Census obtained a result of 13.4 million and after an update by the Inter-Censal Survey of 2013 this figure rose to 14.7 million. Now the provisional result of the 2019 Census, sets the total de facto population at 15.3 million. Obviously, the final census result may differ slightly from this figure.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
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Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
1. Wholesale consolidation • Apple loses its bite • Regulators dole out penalties
A s i a n Te l e c o m s B u s i n e s s a n d Te c h n o l o g y l w w w. t e l e c o m a s i a . n e t l October 2012
Making Money from
Prepaid Data
Operators prepare to cash in on smartphones in
emerging markets
Published By
Inside:
Robust, but slowing Breaking into the LTE game
capacity growth SmarTone CEO Douglas Li explains why
IP transit price declines accelerate while LTE is about capacity – not speed
internet capacity growth continues to slow
2. 5th Annual Telecom Asia Readers’ Choice Awards
Telecom Asia 2013 Insight Summit
November 29, 2012 Kuala Lumpur
Plans for 2013: Where are the key opportunities and what are the challenges?
To gain insight into the most pressing issues facing telcos as they look to the new year, Telecom Asia is holding
a one-day Insight Summit for senior-level executives from across the region.
The forum will allow telco decision makers to discuss key challenges and opportunities, and to share their
priorities for 2013.
The day will kick off with presentations by two senior analysts/consultants: The first will take a close look at
the highlights of 2012, what were the key successes, what were the trouble spots and where were the missed
opportunities; the second speaker will take a look ahead, forecasting the growth areas, outlining strategies to
slow margin declines and highlighting trends that will have the most disruptive impact on telcos.
In the afternoon two additional panel discussions will be held concurrently. Each panel will bring together five
to six telco executives and a senior analyst from a leading research firm. All attendees will be asked to share
their ideas on ways to revive growth, boost profits and streamline operations. The objective is to brainstorm and
outline the key priorities on how to thrive in 2013 and beyond.
The Summit will be followed by our annual Readers’ Choice Awards, starting with a cocktail reception at 5:30 pm.
AGENDA
9:00 Registration & Welcome Coffee
9:20 Opening Remarks by chairman
Tony Poulos, TM Forum market strategist and Telecom Asia anchor & columnist
9:30 Opening Keynote 1
A look back: 2012 Highlights -- key successes & the missed opportunities
Andrew Hamilton, partner at Value Partners
10:00 Opening Keynote 2
A look foreword: Growth areas for 2013, strategies for success and the key disruptive trends
Amrish Kacker, partner for strategy consulting, Analysys Mason
10:30 Presentation by sponsor
11:00 Coffee break
11:30 Panel Discussion
If you had a clean palette to start with, what would you do differently?
Moderator: Tony Poulos,
Panelists: Farid Yunus, Redtone CEO (formerly chief strategy officer at Celcom)
Wing K. Lee, YTL Communications CEO
Andrew Hamilton, partner at Value Partners
12:15 Networking lunch
2:00 Panel Discussion 1
Business Focus: Key challenges and opportunities for 2013
Moderator: Joseph Waring, Group editor
Panel Discussion 2
Technology Focus: Key challenges and opportunities for 2013
Moderator: John Tanner, Global technology editor
4:00 Coffee break
4:30 Wrap-up & action plan - Tony Poulos
5:30 Telecom Asia Readers’ Choice Awards -- cocktail reception
7:00 Telecom Asia Readers’ Choice Awards – awards ceremony
Stay up to date on this Forum: http://tasummit.questexevents.net/
Sponsorship opportunities: Registration inquiries:
Gigi Chan (Group Publisher) Will Ahmad
Email: gchan@questexasia.com Tel: +852 2589 1338 Email: will@questexasia.com Tel: + 852 2589 1312
3. Contents
Subscribe to Asia’s best daily telecom news service:
Volume 23 Number 8 October 2012
www.telecomasia.net
Cover
12 Making money from prepaid data
Operators prepare to cash in on the growing popularity of
smartphones in prepaid markets
featureS
IP Capacity
16 Growth still strong, but slowing
IP transit price declines accelerate – dropping 50% in NY –
while internet capacity continues to expand, but growth slows
to 40%
One-to-One
18 Breaking into the LTE game
12
SmarTone CEO Douglas Li explains why LTE is about capac-
ity, not speed, and how Hong Kong cellcos have managed to
avoid the dreaded scissors effect
Q&A: Wholesale Outlook
20 Consolidation on the horizon
BICS chief commercial officer Nicholas Nikrouyan explains
why multi-service players will come out as the winners in the
transformation to IPX
Viewpoint
22 Transforming the network for the
digital age
Telcos have an opportunity to transform their networks into
starring roles that today’s customer demands are dictating
18 20 22
Country Focus: Indonesia
24 Collaboration: The path to growth
Operators have to realize that their competitors are not just
their traditional rivals but a whole army of content providers
Post Show: Asian Carriers’ Conference
28 Wholesale players ponder using
bilateral automation
Wholesale players flock to Cebu, discuss automating process-
ing of interconnect deals
7 30 24
2 October 2012 Telecom Asia www.telecomasia.net
4. Parallels Summit presents huge
opportunity in the cloud
At a time of global economic uncertainty, an unparalleled trillion-dollar blue ocean
market awaits savvy movers in the SMB cloud and hosting services sectors.
Cloud computing has been empowering SMBs in the West with The Next Killer App
feature-rich applications and other resources previously only available to Dwindling profits from email and website
large enterprises. While SMBs in Asia Pacific have been slower to catch development are spurring the hunt for the
onto this trend, cloud adoption rates in the region is expected to grow “next big thing” to open up new high-
significantly in the coming years. Parallels, a hosting and cloud services margin revenue streams in the hosted- and
enablement leader, estimates the APAC cloud services market to grow cloud-services sector. In a panel discussion,
to $19.8 billion in 2015, presenting a huge opportunity for the SMB cloud four key executives from Infratel, LuxCloud,
and hosting services sectors in the region. Quest Software and Symantec discussed
Leveraging opportunity through an evolving partner ecosystem was the nature of a game-changing new “killer
a key theme at the opening sessions at Parallels Summit 2012 APAC. app” to revitalize bottom lines. According
IDC’s Asia Pacific Group Vice President Sandra Ng kicked off the event to the panelists, the next killer-app for the
by presenting how not all users and businesses are adopting cloud cloud has yet to manifest itself, but would
services in the same fashion or pace. This presents rich opportunities for definitely be one that significantly enhances
service providers, hosters and IT channels, to capitalise on the upcoming communication and customer satisfaction,
differentiation trends imminent in the marketplace. CRM, and the intelligent bundling of the right
To this end, Parallels CEO Birger Steen outlined his vision of how mix of services to the right customer in the
the hosting and cloud industry here can tap into the Parallels partner most flexible manner – all at low cost and high
ecosystem to meet the growing demand for cloud services. Steen returns on investment.
provided an update of how Parallels’ strategy, together with its preview
of next-generation solutions such as the Parallels Cloud Server, can help Updates Business and Tech Tracks
partners tap the trillion-dollar blue ocean market and reach the 148 million What do SMBs want from communication
plugged-in SMBs worldwide. Parallels Chief Architect and Executive and collaboration services, web hosting,
Chairman Serguei Beloussov shared how hosting, cloud and IT would be virtual telephony services or other cloud-
the norm a decade ahead, emphasising the need for businesses to be hosted services? Which services are the
innovative, resilient and flexible if they are to thrive in the next 10 years. most popular? Vital clues were provided at
the business track of the Summit, where
Developed or Developing World? participants learned more about reducing
In line with the event’s central theme of “Profit from the Cloud, a” server and labour costs while increasing
very fundamental growth impediment involving creativity and innovation efficiency. The technical track of the Summit
was addressed via keynote speaker Fredrik Härén, a Singapore-based featured deep insights into the new Parallels
creativity expert and lauded author. Automation and Plesk Panel 11 suites; hosted
Härén pointed out that the polarization of the world into “developed” PBX; Microsoft Lync, and the Intel Open
and “developing” nations has unwittingly imposed limits and biases on Cloud Vision & Strategy.
innovation and creativity. This has wrought spectacular effects in the With economic woes clouding the fate of
midst of the Internet era, where giant corporate household names have the western blocs, the annual Parallels Summit
gone bust or lost their gloss; and the fates of entire blocs of “developed” is helping IT businesses to identify APAC as
nations hang in the balance. Fredrik propounds a mindset change as the region where the great opportunity is
simple as wiping the idea of being “developed” off our vocabulary. located. Of the trillion-dollar SMB revenue
This will break down cultural isolation and complacence and propel us spent worldwide annually, APAC details the
from being mere consumers of knowledge to being idea foundries. We most profitable opportunities for delivering
will then be well placed to serve as global catalysts of out-of-the-box cloud services to SMBs – it’s a region which
mindsets that will radically reinvent the world. simply cannot be ignored.
Event highlight brought to you by Parallels
6. Connected to
Asia’s Telcos
In-depth analysis and insight into Asia’s telco industry
from Telecom Asia’s targeted media channels
DIGITAL MAGAZINE NEWSLETTERS
*Telecom Asia Daily *China Edition <亚洲电信> *NGN Insights *4G Insight
*360oView *Next-Gen TV *Telco Cloud *Telecom & IT Vietnam
EVENTS TELCO CLOUD
• Client event Dedicated website sub-section on the Telco Could, plus:
• Conference • Bi-weekly Telco Cloud eNewsletter
• Road show • Cloud eGuide • Webinar • Research
Telco
Strategies
www.telecomasia .net
PRINT • ONLINE • WEBINAR • VIDEO • EVENT • RESEARCH • CUSTOM PUBLISHING
7. www.telecomasia.net Highlights Follow us on:
ONLINE SECTIONS
Daily News
Special Coverage: Our broad coverage of Asian and
global telecom news
iPhone 5 www.telecomasia.net/news
The latest news and views on
Apple’s iPhone 5, from technical Commentary
reviews to operator strategies to In-depth analysis from Telecom Asia’s
the impact their networks. senior editors and leading telecom
research firms, including Ovum,
Maravedis, ACG Research and more
www.telecomasia.net/content/special-coverage-iphone-5
www.telecomasia.net/commentary
Bloggery
Missives on telecom trends and the
wireless future from John Tanner,
Telco Cloud Tony Poulos, Joseph Waring and
Michael Carroll
Keep updated on the latest news, analysis and www.telecomasia.net/blog
developments in the cloud landscape with our
twice-a-month newsletter. BusinessWeek Online
Tech coverage from the global
www.telecomasia.net/term/Cloud+computing
business magazine
www.telecomasia.net/bwol
4G Mobile White Papers
Vendors hold forth on latest
Follow the latest news, analysis, commentary and developments on technology concepts
LTE, TD-LTE, Wimax, and everything in between. www.telecomasia.net/whitepapers
www.telecomasia.net/4g
Events
This year’s trade shows and
conferences
www.telecomasia.net/events
Videos Telecom Asia China edition
In-depth news analysis, opinion,
In-depth interviews with top telcos insiders white papers and case studies for
and expert commentary on latest business telecom professionals and executives
and technology trends. in China
http://cn.telecomasia.net
www.telecomasia.net/videos
IndustryView
The inside view from industry execs
www.telecomasia.net/industryview
6 October 2012 Telecom Asia www.telecomasia.net
8. John C. Tanner l tANNER
Apple loses its bite
Y
ou don’t need me to tell you that we’re not just talking about any old app here.
Apple’s decision to drop support We’re talking about a mapping app that har-
for Google Maps in favor of its own nesses one of the key attributes of mobile –
Maps application has been the big- location – and has already become central to
gest PR disaster for the company since the many users’ lives.
AntennaGate hoo-ha with the iPhone 4. That’s not to say Apple necessarily made a
At press time, reports continue to flood mistake by dropping Google Maps. According
in about the app’s various inaccuracies, par- to All Things D, Apple really had no choice.
ticularly outside the US. In Japan, for exam- Its existing relationship with Google did not
ple, Maps is so riddled with erroneous info include support for voice-guided driving di-
that local map service Mapion saw a three- rections, which is supported on Google Maps
fold increase in downloads for its iPhone app for Android, and Google wasn’t keen to hand
(launched just a few months ago) in the first that differentiating feature over to a competi- John C. Tanner is global
week of the iPhone 5’s release, according to tor unless Apple offered certain concessions, technology editor –
the New York Times. which Apple found unacceptable. jtanner@questexasia.com
Interestingly, this is not the case in China. Fair enough. But it doesn’t change the fact
According to the Wall Street Journal, Apple that Apple still replaced Google Maps with a
developed a separate version of Maps spe- decidedly substandard service. And if Apple
cifically for China in partnership with local
mapping services provider AutoNavi. And
wants to be in the services business at all (see:
iTunes, FaceTime, iMessage, iCloud, etc), it
Apple replaced
by most accounts, it’s more accurate than in- deserves to get hammered for that, even if it Google Maps with
ternational versions of Maps (as long as you does ultimately see services and content as
only use it in China, anyway – Chinese users means to the end of selling hardware. a substandard
looking for maps outside of China will find The irony, of course, is that the iPhone 5
some data missing like landmarks and public may still be another record-setting winner, in service, and if
transportation stops). which case Apple has little incentive to take
Moreover, according to China-based services as seriously as it takes devices. Apple wants to
technology blogger Anthony Drendel, Ap-
ple’s Maps is a vast improvement over Google Second best be in the services
Maps in China, especially outside of the big The thing is, Apple can only get by on so business at all, it
urban cities and tourist centers. (The Chinese much goodwill these days because the iPhone
government’s tight regulation of mapping is no longer the king of the smartphone hill. deserves to get
services, and its strained relationship with Samsung overtook Apple in global smart-
Google, may or may not be a factor.) phone market share in Q4 last year and has hammered for
Either way, the fact that Apple had to do a been widening that gap ever since. And while
separate version of Maps for China illustrates it’s true that Apple’s product strategy is de- that
just how hard it is to build a reliable and us- signed to be a high-end niche that isn’t con-
able mapping app – and Maps’ problems cerned with market share, that strategy only
elsewhere demonstrates further just how far really works if you maintain the standards
ahead Google is in the maps game (remember that people expect from the high end.
Google Maps has been around since 2005) Apple failed to do that with Maps, and
and how far behind Apple is. it failed in the face of a competitor that had
And that matters far more than things something more seasoned and, for the most
like whether, say, the iPhone 5 supports mi- part, just better. Apple has enough problems
cro-USB. Having to pony up for an adapter is trying to convince everyone that the compa-
one thing. Being forced to give up an app that ny’s mojo didn’t pass away with Steve Jobs. It
works well in favor of a proprietary app that can’t afford more glaring failures like Maps.TA
doesn’t is something else entirely, because
www.telecomasia.net Telecom Asia October 2012 7
9. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
Singapore LTE market S TATS N A P
heats up Average smartphone depreciates 34%
S
The average smartphone depreciates in value by 34% during a
ingapore’s 4G scheduled to be completed by 24-month retail lifespan, but wide disparities exist between price
market became 2013. brackets and brands.
a three-horse To complement the LTE Research from Strategy Analytics attempts to shine a light
race in Septem- launch, StarHub is upgrading on depreciation rates for the fast-moving smartphone segment,
ber, with both its 3G network to DC-HSPA+, figures which are traditionally hard to quantify.
StarHub and M1 launching doubling its 3G downlink The data, compiled from pricing points across 105 channels
commercial LTE services. speeds to up to 42 Mbps. in 37 countries, highlight the impact of a smartphone maker’s ap-
M1 launched its dual- SingTel, M1 and StarHub proach to its brand image on handset retail values.
For example, iPhones depreciate at a substantially slower rate
band 1800/2600-MHz LTE have all adopted 4G pricing
over their first 18 months on the market than their rivals, due to
service covering 95% of the strategies that abandon “big
Apple’s focus on a premium brand image. Instead, iPhones slide in
city state. This gave it a wider bucket” plans in exchange value by 25% once they reach between 22 and 28 months of age.
reach than SingTel, despite for tiered pricing options. All According to Stuart Robinson, director for Strategy Analytics’
the latter’s nearly 10-month three have settled on similar PriceTRAX services, “iPhones have upheld a clear price differential
headstart. prices for the lowest 2GB data compared to their counterparts.”
SingTel’s 4G network is plans – around S$40 ($32.50) As one of the first high-spec iPhone competitors, Samsung’s
not scheduled to reach 95% and the largest 12G plans – Galaxy S1 also held its price over the early parts of its life-cycle
coverage until early next around S$200. This 12GB due to having fewer competitors to contend with.
year. The operator launched allocation is a significant HTC’s low-priced Wildfire S had an extraordinarily low depre-
dongle-only LTE services in reduction on the previous ciation rate, suggesting that entry-level smartphones are more
resistant to price declines than their higher-end peers.
December 2011, introduced data bundles for operators’
Second-generation smartphones including the Samsung S2,
its first smartphone plans in premium 3G plans.
Nokia N8, LG Optimus and BlackBerry Curve 3 8520 have mean-
June and its first tablet plans But there is some jostling while all depreciated at a similar level, as competition kept pressure
in August. for position in the middle, on prices.
M1 selected Ericsson with both M1 and StarHub Strategy Analytics said a future study will address the impact
to upgrade its backhaul attempting to undercut of a smartphone maker’s portfolio refresh rate on retail prices of
infrastructure to support the SingTel with their respective their older-generation products.
LTE network. Ericsson will mid-range plans.
become M1’s primary mobile According to Tolaga Smartphone depreciation:
backhaul provider over the Research’s Dianne Northfield,
next several years. Under the “the outcomes of Singapore’s Down by one-third
deal, Ericsson will be provid- experiment with tiered data
ing microwave and optical pricing plans are of interest
systems as well as network both in terms of their impact
management solutions from on the overall uptake of LTE
its product portfolio. Deploy- services, and specifically as
ment has already commenced, a direct strategy by mobile
the vendor said. operators to [convince] exist-
Not to be outdone, ing 3G customers to migrate
StarHub commenced its LTE to 4G.
service on the 1800-MHz “In the case of Singapore
band. The LTE network the decision for consum-
initially covers Singapore’s ers will likely come down to
central business district, as whether advertised and actual
well as Changi Airport and 4G speeds, along with the
Singapore Expo, and will – yet to be proven – reliabil-
be expanded to reach more ity of the new 4G networks,
than half of the island by the provide compelling triggers to
fourth quarter. Nationwide switch plans or indeed opera-
LTE network coverage is tors.” TA Source: Strategy Analytics
8 October 2012 Telecom Asia www.telecomasia.net
10. Regulators dole out INSIGHT ONE MONTH’S TELECOM RESEARCH
penalties for outages >> Regulators risk stifling the internet
F
Proposals to impose regulations on the global internet would harm growth and
ines imposed on SingTel and Thailand’s Dtac innovation worldwide, with flexible governance required to maximize the economic
in September underline the potential financial advantages of the technology. Analysys Mason warns in a report that proposed
impact that even brief service outages can have. International Telecommunications Regulations (ITRs), which are being readied for the
ITU’s World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT) could impede
IDA Singapore fined SingTel S$300,000 investment in the infrastructure required to support the growing internet population,
($244,000) for a disruption of the operator’s which is projected to reach 3.5 billion by 2020. The internet as it stands has evolved
“lio Voice” service last year, due to teething problems at based on commercial considerations not regulatory dictates, and investments are
service launch. best achieved without internationally sanctioned regulatory intervention, the report
The disruption affected SingTel’s then new mio argues. Another problem with imposing regulations on the internet is the issue of
sovereignty. An estimated 98% of internet content can be stored in servers, and is
Voice digital fixed-line telephone service in parts of often spread across multiple countries for caching purposes.
Tampines, Changi and Pasir Ris for varying periods over
Internet global growth: Lessons for the future
October 28 and 29, and in parts of Bukit Panjang, Bukit www.analysysmason.com
Timah and Woodlands on November 4.
The regulator’s investigation narrowed the fault >> VoLTE may help cellcos fight OTT players
down to a hardware capacity limitation of the optical Mobile operators are banking on VoLTE to make up for declining traditional voice
line terminals (OLT) at the Tampines exchange and the minutes. Average MoU fell more sharply in APAC in Q2 than in any other region
Bukit Panjang exchange. worldwide, with a decline of 7.36%, ABI Research estimates. In this context, SK
Explaining the decision to impose the fine, IDA said Telecom, LG U+ and MetroPCS have introduced the world’s first VoLTE services, in
a bid to counter the competition from OTT services such as Skype, Viber, Whatsapp
that as the cause of the service disruptions was a hard- and FaceTime. The ability of VoLTE to overlay rich media content over voice, and the
ware limitation in SingTel’s equipment, the regulator cost savings of sending voice over packets, could help operators stay competitive
was not satisfied that SingTel had taken adequate steps against OTT VoIP providers. In contrast to declining voice minutes, mobile data traffic
to ensure sufficient hardware capacity was provided. is surging worldwide. Overall 4G traffic is expected to swell at a CAGR of 147%
But the fine follows a S$400,000 penalty imposed through to 2017, compared to a CAGR of just 70% for 3G data traffic. Messages
sent stayed relatively stable in Q2, increasing 0.16% in APAC.
by IDA on SingTel in May for a service disruption in
Mobile data traffic & usage
September 2011 – despite the problems lasting less than www.abiresearch.com
a day and no actual outage occurring. SingTel custom-
ers did report difficulty making and receiving calls, and
>> SDP better suited to B2B than consumer market
accessing SMS, MMS and mobile data services during Operators will spend a projected $24 billion on service delivery platform (SDP)
the day in question. software and services between 2012 and 2016. According to Infonetics, operator
Dtac, meanwhile, accepted a 10-million baht interest in SDP is increasing across both emerging and developed markets. Operators
($320,000) fine from regulator NBTC for a 65-minute in developing markets remain focused on enabling consumer application ecosystems
via app stores and API exposure strategies, while in developed markets, telcos are
partial network outage on August 28.
investing in SDP to address the enterprise and SMB segments. B2B offerings such as
Dtac CEO Jon Eddy Abdullah accepted the fine enterprise app stores have greater promise for ROI than consumer-facing offerings
without challenging it. However, he noted that only an and – perhaps more importantly – operators still have an advantage over consumer
estimated 1.6 million users were affected out of the total app giants such as Apple and Google in this segment. Oracle lead the market for SDP
customer base of 24 million. software and services in 2011, but had a mere one point of market share on second-
placed Huawei, while Huawei itself was just one point ahead of Ericsson.
The operator had already authorised the allocation
of free airtime or data worth 100 million baht in com- SDP software and services
www.infonetics.com
pensation for its disrupted users.
In Dtac’s case, the NBTC decided to impose the fine
in part because this was the operator’s fifth network out-
>> Tablet display shipments to jump 56%
Booming tablet shipments will drive a 56% surge in tablet display shipments this
age in less than a year. year to 126.6 million units, IHS iSuppli predicts. Tablets are increasingly becoming
But Abdullah has stressed that the outages do not the biggest growth market for small and medium displays. While the 9-inch segment
form a pattern, with prior outages caused by the cutting dominated by the iPad will continue to account for the majority of tablet display
of two cables and hiccups during the migration to an shipments this year - with an expected 74.3 million units due to be shipped - the
fastest-growing market segment will be the 7.x-inch screens used in products like
all-IP network.
the Samsung Galaxy Tab, Amazon’s Kindle Fire and other Android-based tablets. The
But both fines will add fuel to the debate over 7.x-inch segment will increase its share of the total market to 32% this year, up from
whether APAC regulators should take a heavy-handed 27% in 2011. Just 9% of shipments will be for 8.x-inch screens, and less than 1% will
or a light-touch approach to overseeing their respective be for 5.x-inch screens.
telecom markets. TA IHS iSuppli small and medium displays service
– Fiona Chau and Don Sambandaraksa www.isuppli.com
www.telecomasia.net Telecom Asia October 2012 9
11. asian telecoms this month
Beijing
China Mobile signs off on a plan to procure over 200,000 TD-LTE BT sets up a new joint research lab in Beijing with China’s Tsinghua
terminals – mostly smartphones – for 2013. University. The pair are considering a number of research projects, in
areas including business applications for the cloud.
Hong Kong
SmarTone reports a 36% increase in profit to $131m for the year ending
in June, attributing strong demand for mobile data services.
PCCW spinoff HKT picks up $13m worth of communications ser-
vices contracts from Hong Kong’s Transport Department.
Australia’s Telstra appoints former Telstra Global executive
director Phil Mottram to lead up Hong Kong mobile
subsidiary CSL.
Bangkok
The board of state-owned
operator TOT resigns suddenly
amid controversy over a rogue
exchange and political interfer-
ence in its 3G expansion project.
Dtac is fined $320k by regula-
tors, after suffering the latest in a series of
mobile service disruptions.
Ericsson Thailand warns the nation’s opera-
tors to ready their networks for an explosion in
smartphone sales, and the attendant mobile data
demands.
AIS launches 50,000 free Wi-Fi access points, to support the
government’s Smart Thailand free public Wi-Fi initiative.
Colombo
Sri Lanka Telecom’s Mobitel contracts Huawei and ZTE to
expand and upgrade its mobile network, as it prepares for
the introduction of LTE services.
Delhi Manila
The Department of Telecom Norway’s Telenor is cleared to The Philippines’ Smart
presses on with plans to abolish lo- find a new partner in India, over extends its LTE network to
cal roaming fees within India some the objections of Unitech, its es- the 1800-MHz frequency
time in 2013, despite warnings tranged partner in the Uninor JV. band, to accompany the
from operators that they will have 2100-MHz services which
to raise rates to compensate. Vodafone hints it may be willing launched in August.
to pay the initial $1.47b tax bill the
The government issues orders to government demanded from the
operators including Bharti, Voda- 2007 acquisition of its Indian unit
fone and Idea to call off their 3G – if the government forgoes the
roaming pacts, under which they larger interest and penalty bill.
have been offering services in
areas where they lack 3G licenses.
10 October 2012 Telecom Asia www.telecomasia.net
12. movements
Seoul z Apple’s new maps service provokes a wave of criticism over errors,
SK Telecom reaches the 5m SK Telecom unveils two-way distorted satellite maps and a lack of detail, prompting CEO Tim Cook
subscriber milestone for its LTE handover technology it has devel- to issue a public apology – and suggest alternative services to use.
network, which launched in oped that supports both FDD and
September 2011. TD-LTE in a single device. z Google overtakes Microsoft by market valuation to become the second
most valuable technology company behind Apple.
Tokyo z Microsoft wins a German patent lawsuit against Motorola Mobility,
Softbank announces it will pay around $2.3b to buy smaller rival eAc- covering alleged infringement of a method of interfacing with an app.
cess, in a deal set to move it up to second by mobile market share and The disputed functionality is built into Android.
provide substantial assets for its LTE network.
z Samsung wins a court order overturning a US sales ban of the Galaxy
Tab 10.1, awarded to Apple in its patent lawsuit against the company. But
Apple also files an appeal seeking a permanent US ban of the 10.1 and
eight Samsung smartphones.
Sydney
NBN Co introduces a range of tailored packages for wholesale custom- z Qualcomm lends its weight behind TD-LTE, introducing a China-
ers of Australia’s NBN fiber network to resell to businesses. specific version of its Snapdragon S4 processor supporting the standard,
as well as UMTS, TD-SCDMA and CDMA.
z Texas Instruments announces it will start pulling back from the
wireless business, concentrating on embedded processors for cars and
Singapore consumer electronics.
StarHub and M1 both launch LTE OpenNet reveals it has doubled the
networks, around a year after number of homes connected to z A report into international cybersecurity finds that APAC governments
rival SingTel first went live with the NG-NBN fiber network in the are not collaborating effectively enough with their counterparts in other
– at the time dongle-only – LTE last eight months. nations on security policies.
services.
Regulator IDA fines SingTel z Nokia unveils its first Windows Phone 8 smartphones, the Lumia 920
M1 contracts Ericsson to upgrade $245k for a brief disruption to its and 820. The former is set to support wireless charging technology and
the backhaul infrastructure to sup- fixed digital voice service last year come in pentaband LTE and HSPA+ variants.
port its new LTE network. – the second fine it has imposed
on the operator this year. z Huawei and Intel sign an MoU to strengthen their engineering efforts
to jointly develop new cloud and IT solutions.
z AMD reaches a deal with software company Bluestacks to enable
Windows 8 laptops and PCs powered by its chips to run Android apps
through AMD’s AppZone player.
Jakarta z Two major telecom standards groups team up, with the Open Mobile
A former supplier for PT Telkomsel Alliance (OMA) joining the oneM2M Partnership.
succeeds in having the company declared
bankrupt, due to an Indonesian law z China Unicom expands into Canada, with the aim of providing a
stipulating this for companies that have backbone between the nations, as well as services to Canadian compa-
not paid their debts. Telkomsel, which nies with a Chinese presence and vice versa.
hasn’t paid the debt due to a contract
dispute with the supplier, is appealing. z Samsung reveals plans to debut the Galaxy S4, the latest in its flagship
line of smartphones, in February.
PT Indosat hands Ericsson a three-year
contract to upgrade its radio and core net- z Telstra Global opens a new data center in Singapore, its sixth in the
work infrastructure, in a bid to improve region, to provide colocation services for financial, media and technol-
mobile broadband speeds and coverage. ogy enterprises.
z Ericsson acquires Canadian OSS/BSS software provider ConceptWave
Kuala Lumpur for an undisclosed sum.
Maxis and media entertainment group
Astro team up to co-develop and market z Research shows LTE users have finally overtaken Wimax subscribers in
customer packages combining Astro’s the key 4G markets of Japan, South Korea and the US.
IPTV offerings with Maxis’ fiber, wireless
internet and ADSL services. z RIM posts a quarterly loss that is far narrower than analysts had ex-
pected, due to a less severe than anticipated decline in shipments as the
company waits to launch the first BlackBerry 10 devices.
www.telecomasia.net Telecom Asia October 2012 11
14. Making money
from prepaid data
Operators prepare to cash in on the growing popularity
of smartphones in prepaid markets
Joseph Waring, John C. Tanner
S
martphone penetration in developing markets in APAC is estimated
at just 5%. But that’s projected to increase by more than four-fold be-
tween 2011 and 2016, according to Strategy Analytics. There are already
smartphones available for under $100, and in some cases under $50.
Meanwhile, the smartphones that have already reached Asia’s de-
veloping markets represent a huge market opportunity for mobile data services as
affordable smartphones become available to people whose first internet experience
has been – or will be – with mobile devices.
However, operators in developing markets can’t simply look to their developed-
market counterparts for business models targeting smartphone users – at least not
beyond the small percentage of wealthy urban users. It’s not a question of what
“G” the network supports so much as the fundamental differences between the
market segments themselves, says Warren Chaisatien, strategic marketing manager
at Ericsson.
www.telecomasia.net Telecom Asia October 2012 13
15. coverstory
Ajay Sunder, Frost &
Sullivan’s senior director
for telecom, Asia Pacific,
says operators are devel-
oping innovative bundles
of voice, SMS and data to target the
growing population of smartphone us-
ers. He says there is a huge potential for
prepaid data services, and operators are
just starting to tap this segment.
“The growing number of prepaid
data and bundled plans and their popu- dia tier and another for a stream-
larity are a testimony of this opportu- ing data tier. And by offering data
nity.” plans by shorter increments than a
A recent study from Ericsson’s Con- month, operators can entice subscribers ited browsing (without video/media
sumerLab covering Southeast Asia re- who aren’t ready to commit to monthly streaming), BBM and access to social
ports latent demand for mobile data data plans, but who need occasional ac- networks on a daily/weekly/monthly
services that not only conform to the cess. Behind the scenes, operators could basis (Blackberry Socialite).
prepaid experience – top-ups, passes set fair usage limits for the day or week, Airtel’s Internet Data Pack gives pre-
(either time-based or session-based), and throttle speeds when that limit is paid customers 500 MB on 2G and 500
boosters (i.e. paying a bit extra for a reached – with full disclosure to sub- MB on 3G networks with validity of 30
better game or video experience) and scribers. days from the date of recharge. The cost
cross-service bundles – but also are ap- “In the longer term, getting smart- is 151 rupees (about $3) and customers
plication and/or content-specific when- phones into millions of more people’s need to switch manually between 2G
ever possible (i.e. Facebook, YouTube, hands gives service providers additional and 3G networks.
Twitter, etc), allowing users to buy the data valuable to third parties, including
exact services they want. over-the-top providers and potential Transparency crucial
advertisers. As with postpaid subscrib- Sunder argues that one main obsta-
Flexible plans ers, operators have the opportunity to cle to the adoption of data top-up bun-
Many operators are offering free learn more about prepaid subscriber dles by prepaid consumers in emerging
data access services for specific content usage patterns and offer them more economies is the non-transparency or
to get prepaid customers to try out data. personalized plans,” Suriano says. lack of visibility on usage. “Billing for
For example, Openet marketing man- Some work is already being done data is not something that can be pre-
ager Martin Morgan says free Facebook to show the way forward. For example, measured/pre-calculated by user, be-
access is often used by operators to get in the Philippines, Smart Communica- cause you do not know how data-inten-
customers to use apps. Most operators tions is offering a package that allows sive a website/app is before loading. So
also are testing both volume-based and subscribers to access Facebook for a 24- this typically means if a user is browsing
time-based packages. hour period at 50 cents a pop. web applications, he cannot predict the
Tekelec CTO Doug Suriano says “Those kinds of small packages with usage.”
in the short term operators can let very low price points are well suited the For voice and SMS the user of course
subscribers pick plans based on their micro-payment environment, and will can roughly calculate the cost based on
preferences and budgets. For example, encourage new smartphone users to try minutes of use or number of messages
operators can offer application-based data services,” says Chaisatien from Er- sent.
service tiers with flat monthly rates, or icsson. Tekelec’s Suriano says the lack of
access by the day, week and month. In Frost & Sullivan’s Sunder points to a integration between policy and real-
both of these scenarios, pricing is flat so number of other success cases in APAC. time charging remains a barrier. Many
subscribers don’t have to risk bill shock. Telkomsel in Indonesia offers daily vendors use proprietary interfaces or
Multiple Telefónica properties, he or weekly Facebook packages starting policy systems that have difficulty scal-
says, price data plans by application from 10 cents/day with a data-cap of ing to support many transactions and
type, offering one rate for a social me- 3 MB (Kartu Facebook) and unlim- so much Diameter traffic.
14 October 2012 Telecom Asia www.telecomasia.net
16. “The process to top-up data plans,
change plans in mid-month or do a try-
and-buy approach all require a scalable
We’re seeing is a second wave of
and reliable Diameter network. Also, policy, whereby old systems that
the Diameter routing market is in the
nascent stages, meaning Diameter traf- supported only a small number of
fic is often a complex mesh that limits
the possibilities of creative new rate use cases, are being replaced with
plans.”
For telcos to be able to move into more sophisticated systems
prepaid data, says Openet’s Morgan,
the key is back-office flexibility. With
data services, he noted that new plans ging in APAC and other regions. it. “To accomplish operators’ desire to
and tariffs often have a shorter shelf life “For one, policy and charging inte- create two-sided business models and
than traditional voice and text bundles. gration and scalability keep operators provide sponsored and toll-free appli-
“Therefore, having BSS support rapid from quickly introducing new use cases. cations requires a solution that allows
product development is important. And We’re starting to see some movement on operators to securely expose APIs.”
the pace of change is only going to in- the postpaid side, like with shared data He also points out that the defini-
crease. When operators start to further plans. As prepaid smartphones grow, it’s tion of “end-to-end” is changing, with
roll out direct operator charging, where only natural that offers for that market operators desiring to control policies
they charge for third-party content, also will expand,” he says. to the handsets themselves. This would
then the need to offer system flexibility open up new avenues of cost control
will only increase.” Policy control and revenue for all subscribers.
The number and sophistication of Morgan insists that policy control For example, he says, service provid-
new bundles, price plans and offers will is essential to giving operators the flex- ers could offer sponsored mobile data
increase while time to market will fall. ibility to innovate with new services. He over a carrier-owned Wi-Fi network
Morgan said the result of this will be agrees that almost all operators have at a sporting venue if a third party ran
increased complexity in an operator’s some degree of policy management – advertisements on top of the content.
product marketing department and the ranging from fairly straightforward fair Or, the operator could limit the signal-
supporting BSS solutions. usage controls to advanced tiered ser- ling messages that chatty applications
“To succeed with data and content, vice offers. send to radio towers, maintaining RAN
operators will need to understand that “However, what we’re seeing is a sec- resources and giving operators some
they have many more usage variables ond wave of policy, whereby old systems defense against poorly-written applica-
than they’re used to dealing with for that supported only a small number of tions.
voice and texts, and so the opportu- use cases, are being replaced with more In terms of commercializing such
nities for delivering more segmented sophisticated systems. This new level services, Ericsson’s Chaisatien recom-
and personalized offers are increased. of sophistication is required as opera- mends an end-to-end approach to
Through personalization customers tors roll out new services and look to policy control, which requires deep
will get offers that suit them. However, policy, not just as a method of control- interaction between the policy control-
it is only by having a flexible and agile ling network usage, but as an enabler of ler, core and radio networks, as well as
BSS, which can quickly support the new product and service differentiation. For integration of OSS/BSS and the service
levels of complexity that data and con- example, providing differing QoS for layer, and orchestration between con-
tent will drive, that simplification and different applications, prioritization for tent provisioning and customer-facing
personalization can be delivered to cus- certain customers and offering a vari- functions. The payoff is the flexibility to
tomers,” Morgan says. able network experience as a marketing enable new services as new smartphone
Suriano noted that most operators offer all need to be supported by a flex- applications emerge.
now can handle the basic policy and ible policy management system.” Put another way, it will give op-
charging use cases, like tiered services Suriano suggests that data plan in- erators the flexibility to innovate – and
by volume and throttling for overages. novation can only be as flexible and that’s going to be a key capability in
But he says new use cases are still lag- powerful as the policy server behind competitive markets. TA
www.telecomasia.net Telecom Asia October 2012 15
17. IP Capacity
Robust yet slowing growth
IP transit price declines accelerate – dropping 50% in NY – while internet capacity
continues to expand, but at a slower growth rate
I
Joseph Waring
nternational internet capacity con- of bandwidth growth outpaced increasesgrowth will continue in many countries,
tinued to increase at a brisk rate in underlying average and peak trafficbut annual growth can be lumpy with
– aggregate backbone bandwidth levels. strong growth in one year followed by
more than doubled in the past two The report said the modest declineslower growth the next year.”
years – but the growth rate slowed for the in utilization rates is not unusual. In theHe says that while mobile video is
fifth consecutive year, dropping to just certainly growing quickly, it’s not any
past five years, peak utilization rates have
40% from just under 70% back in 2008. more likely to generate international
fluctuated within a fairly narrow band.
According to a recent report from traffic than video accessed from fixed
While some operators have predicted
TeleGeography, international internet that soaring traffic would overwhelm connections. A large amount of video
capacity jumped from 37 Tbps in 2010 (whether accessed by mobile or fixed
networks, TeleGeography noted that this
to 77 Tbps in Q2. has not proven to be true on interna- networks) is served locally from cach-
The research firm’s annual survey es or from CDNs, so each time a user
tional links. “Steady investment in new
of internet backbone operators found capacity has contributed to remarkablywatches a video, international traffic is
that the decelerating network capacity not always created.
stable levels of average and peak traffic
growth rates are mirrored in declining utilization on international networks.” Global IP transit prices continued
rates of peak and average international to fall as declines accelerated in most
The question is if the steady decline
internet traffic growth. regions. The median GigE port price in
since 2008 will continue for the foresee-
TeleGeography reported that aver- New York fell 50% from Q2 2011 to Q2
able future or will it be reversed by say a
age international internet traffic grew surge in mobile video traffic. 2012, compared with a 28% CAGR de-
35%, down from 39% last year, and peak TeleGeography research director cline over the past three years.
traffic grew 33%, well below the 57% in- Alan Mauldin told Telecom Asia that TeleGeography reported that median
crease recorded in 2011. The firm noted prices of GigE ports over the past five
forecasting growth rates is tricky. “I’m
that global average and peak utilization years dropped at a CAGR of 22% in New
not sure I’d say it’d be the same rate of
rates dipped slightly in 2012, as the rate decline. I suspect the slowing rate ofYork and São Paulo, 26% in Hong Kong
and 31% in London.
Mauldin reminded us that IP transit
Capacity expands while growth slows prices only go in one direction – down.
He says the underlying cost of transport
capacity continues to get cheaper on a
!"#$%"&'()*+(*)&!*#!+%,-. per unit basis. “But as the major interna-
tional backbone operators expend their
networks into new markets, prices in
#'?)-*'2#',(> O#2&'1 9-*0," +*- (#-?)3#( "*7(#1 *'.4 )' ,"# 2&X*-/',#-'#, "76 3),)#(these cities tend to drop quickly as well.”
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c Despite sharp price drops glob-
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persist. For example, the median Hong
(#-?#( &( &'*,"#- 3*7',#-?&).)'9 +&3,*- &9&)'(,)',#-'&,)*'&. ,-&++)3 -*0,"> /' -#3#', 4#&-(5
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)'3-#&(#1 -#.)&'3# *' 3*',#', 1#.)?#-4 '#,0*-8( !"#$%"&'()*+(*)&!*#!+%,-..*3&.3&3"#("&( "&1times the price of a GigE port in London
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&B3.#&-5B1&2%#')'9B#++#3,B*'B.*'9Y1)(,&'3#B/',#-'#,B,-&++)3B9-*0,"> over the past seven years.
The latest survey found that the low-
91$':#04)'#,';<1"-(,-'=>"?1%) est 10-Gbps port prices have fallen to
/'!0+*&4
50 cents per Mbps or less in the US and
9#3',0)A'B!)/G)1-,0O'&)G-'$#O)'0)9,X>-)A@>Q,@)4'&'#OH )' ")9" )'3*2# western Europe. The report said: “Cave-
Source: TeleGeography
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16 October 2012 Telecom Asia www.telecomasia.net
,* #2#-9)'9 2&-8#,(> @.*6&.6-*&16&'1 (76(3-)6#-( '#&-.4 1*76.#1 6#,0##' e&-3" <;;N
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