The document discusses the challenges facing communications service providers (CSPs) as their traditional business models are disrupted by digital technologies. It argues that CSPs must transform their core businesses, operating models, and technology stacks to unlock new sources of growth. Specifically, the document recommends that CSPs: 1) optimize costs in their core businesses to free up investment for growth; 2) look for new growth opportunities in business-to-consumer and business-to-business markets; and 3) adopt user-centric, data-driven approaches and move to software-defined networks to capitalize on emerging trends like 5G and the internet of things.