Bahan dari Puan Faizah Ibrahim sewaktu Bengkel Teknik Menjawab Pengaturcaran C++ di Kolej Matrikulasi Perak

1. PROGRAM PEMANTAPAN
SAINS KOMPUTER SC025
FAIZAH IBRAHIM
PENSYARAH KANAN
KOLEJ MATRIKULASI PULAU PINANG
faizahibrahim@kmpp.matrik.edu.my
DEWAN KULIAH 5
KOLEJ MATRIKULASI PERAK
14 APRIL 2017

3.  Memerikan (describe) command words
yang digunakan
 Memerikan jawapan berdasarkan
command words
 Mengenal pasti jenis control structure
dalam masalah yang diberi
 Menulis aturcara berdasarkan masalah
yang diberi

4. Sains Komputer
3 Mei 2017
2.30 ptg

5. TOPIK-TOPIK SAINS
KOMPUTER
CHAPTER 5 – MULTIMEDIA
CHAPTER 6 – DATABASE
CHAPTER 7 – INFORMATION
SYSTEM
CHAPTER 8 – PROGRAMMING

6. SOALAN SAINS KOMPUTER
Soalan 1 – Chap 5 (4 jam): 10 marks
Soalan 2 –Chap 6 (4 jam): 10 marks
Soalan 3 – Chap 7 (4 jam): 10 marks
Soalan 4,5,6,7,8 – Chap 8 (24 jam): 70
marks
:SOALAN STRUKTUR
: 2 jam

7. PEMBERAT
Jumlah markah : 100%
Pemberat: 70%
Contoh: 80/ 100 x 70 = 56% + PB
MARKS
70% OF FINAL MARKS
(30% FROM PB)

8. SCENARIO/PREAMBLE
beginning of each exam question
gives you the
context within which
all exam questions
are set
important that you
understand the scenario

9. SCENARIO/PREAMBLE
The figure below illustrates the shuffle icon in an
audio player application. Once the function is
activated, the sequence of the songs played is
randomly arranged.
Shuffle icon

10. COMMAND WORDS
Define
To give the meaning of a word term, distinguishing it
from closely related subjects, sometimes by examples
and illustrations.
List
Your answer should be a list – The number of items
you need to list depends on the number of marks
available e.g. 2 marks will require you to list 2 items.
State
Identify
Give
Name
Your answer should be a simple sentence - The
number of items you need to state/identify/give/
name depends on the number of marks available.

11. COMMAND WORDS
Describe Set out characteristics and features of a
subject
Explain
In your answer you should make a point and
then expand on each point (by giving examples
or reasons) to make sure you are explaining
the point
Discuss
You Should compare different points of view,
giving evidence to back up the points you
make; you should reach a conclusion about
the topic you have been discussing.
Remember to think about spelling, punctuation

12. COMMAND WORDS
Calculate
and display
Work out a process involving formula and display /
print the value of the variable.
Draw
Provide a complete drawing, example drawing of the
flow chart by using a correct symbols and labelling.
Differentiate
Make clear the differences between two or more
concepts/terms (Compare the same criteria).

13. CHAPTER 5
MULTIMEDIA

14. MULTIMEDIA
Animation and video are two of the multimedia elements.
Give two (2) differences between these two elements. [ 4
M]
AnswerAnimation Video
Is a drawing sketches of object that
shows in series of frames so it looks
like a moving and living thing.
Is a recording of either still or
moving objects.
The file size is smaller compared to
video
The file size is bigger compared to
animation
Kesilapan Pelajar:
i. Tidak membanding berdasarkan kriteria yang sama
Cth: Jika bincangkan dari segi file size, kedua-dua elemen perlu
membincangkan file size

15. Explain two (2) modes of multimedia interactivity [4M]
Answer:
Linear interactivity: User have no control over the
progress and sequence of the content and they need to
follow the contents page by page.
Non Linear interactivity: User can control the progress and
sequence of the multimedia content by using buttons or
links.
Label the mode of interactiviti (1
M)
Explanation (1 M)
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Menghuraikan mod interaktiviti tanpa menyatakan nama mod
interaktiviti
• Tidak ada perkataan progress and sequence
MULTIMEDIA

16. CHAPTER 6
DATABASE

17. DATABASE
Identify two table names for this database and two attributes for table
2.
Answer:
TABLES NAME/ENTITY:
• BOOKING
• COURSE
• ACADEMIC
ATTRIBUTES/FIELD
NAME:
• Subject_name
• Code
• Type
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Keliru untuk menentukan table names.
• Tidak mengambil kira case sensitive.

18. Refer to: Question 2 ( SC025 SESI 2016/2016)
Tips
1. Berdasarkan gambarajah: identify table name.
table name = file name = ENTITY
2. Mesti menyatakan table nama sama sebagaimana ejaan
dan case dalam soalan (case sensitive)
3. Beza field name (ATTRIBUTE) dan field.
4. Fahamkan konsep table name/ entities.
5. Fahamkan konsep attributes dan Field.
DATABASE

19. Refer to: Question 2 ( SC025 SESI 2016/2016)
Tips Kesilapan pelajar
Menentukan Primary key dan foreign key
1. Primary key adalah suatu yang unik dan tiada
pengulangan data di dalam table tersebut.
2. Primary key tidak semestinya berada di first
column
Tidak dapat
mengenal pasti
primary key dan
foreign key
2. Foreign key dalam satu table boleh ada
pengulangan tetapi dalam table yang lain ia
perlu jadi primary key dan unik dalam table
tersebut.
3. Foreign key : mesti ada sekurang-kurangnya
dua table
DATABASE

20. If the records in TABLE2
are arranged in
descending order based
on Code, What is the
value of the
Subject_name of the last
record?
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Tidak membaca dengan teliti apa yang perlu di sort dan apa yang menjadi
output. Bezakan antara ascending dan descending
Answer:
Introduction to Microprocessor
DATABASE

21. CHAPTER 7
INFORMATION SYSTEM

22. Tips
Keywords/ mengambarkan keywork untuk setiap types of Information
System
Types keywords
TPS Day to day operation
MIS Generate report, view report
OAS Use of IT Application or IT equipment example: email, MS
Office, Internet browser, Video conference
DSS Help/aid/assist decision making in semi structured problem.
ESS Predict/ long term planning
INFORMATION SYSTEM
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Kurang mahir mengenalpasti types of Information System berdasarkan
keyword yang diberi ataupun berdasarkan who is the user

23. Identify Type of Information System based on the following
description.
Description Type of Information
System
A system that support day to day operation by
maintaining detailed record of completed business
transaction.
A system that provides analysis tools that predicts
a series of performance outcomes over time using
the input data to be used by the executives to
make decision.
A system that collect, processes, stores and
transmits electronic messages. Word processing ,
document imaging or calendar are some of the
application used in this system.
Keywords: word
processing,
document imaging
Keywords predicts a
series of
performance
Keywords : day to
day operation
INFORMATION SYSTEM

24. Description Types of
IS
(i) This organization level is dominated by heads of
departments and usually oversee the activities of the users
at the operational management level
(ii) Generate Microsoft Word documents or business forms from
data stored in other applications such as Microsoft Access -
Microsoft Office Software
(iii) The operational level is concerned with performing day to
day business transactions of the organization.
(iv) The users at this level make unstructured decisions and
concerned with the long-term planning of the organization
(v) Used by senior management to make non-routine
decisions. The user needs input from internal systems
(transaction processing systems and management information
INFORMATION SYSTEM
MIS
OAS
TPS
ESS
ESS

25. Description Types of IS
This system’s users are usually senior management
and they are aided with sophisticated mathematical
models, and statistical techniques (probability,
predictive modeling, etc.) to provide solutions, and they
are very interactive.
Technology can be used to design and make products.
Computer-aided design (CAD) software, for instance,
enables designers to test computer models digitally
before moving new products into the prototype stage.
ESS
INFORMATION SYSTEM
OAS

26. Description Types of
Information
System
Awang checks his telco bill through Celcom
website.
Keyword: Usage of computer to perform tasks
Description Types of Information
System
Celcom prepares the customers bill by
the end of month.
Keyword: Bill prepared after a certain duration
OAS
TPS-
batch
processing
INFORMATION SYSTEM

27. Description Types of IS
Name the information system that will predict
what will be the return of investment if the
production were to be close down for 3
months during the flood seasons.
Name the information system that will show
the trend of interest for a certain population
that will help in decision making.
ESS
INFORMATION SYSTEM
ESS

28. Identify type of Information System based on the following
description.
Description Type of Information
System
A system that support day to day operation by
maintaining detailed record of completed business
transaction.
A system that provides analysis tools that predicts
a series of performance outcomes over time using
the input data to be used by the executives to
make decision.
A system that collect, processes, stores and
transmits electronic messages. Word processing ,
document imaging or calendar are some of the
application used in this system.
TPS
ESS
OAS
INFORMATION SYSTEM

29. Describe the purpose of the following information system.
[2M]
Types of Information system Purpose
Management Information system Generate accurate, timely and
organized information. So
manager and other user can
make decision to solve
problem, supervise activities
and track progress.
Decision Support System To help/aids/assist decision
making in less/semi structured
problems.
INFORMATION SYSTEM

30. Planning
Analysis
Design
Implementatio
n
Maintenance
List the phases of SDLC accordingly
• Perlu ikut turutan. Tahu
secara general apa aktiviti
yang berlaku dalam setiap
phases
INFORMATION SYSTEM

31. Identify the steps of the SDLC for student information system based
on the activity below. [5M]
Activity SDLC steps
Write the C++ code
Identify problem statements and objectives of the
system.
Draw a complete flow chart
Amend the completed system to suit the users’ needs.
Make comparison between several current systems to
propose a new system.
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Keliru antara SDLC dan Steps in problem solving
Implementation
Planning
Design
Maintenance
Analysis
INFORMATION SYSTEM

32. CHAPTER 8
PROGRAMMING

33. INTRO TO PROGRAMMING
Give one (2) difference between low level language and high
level language
Low level language High Level Language
Difficult to learn because
Instruction are written in binary
code or mnemonics.
Easy to learn because
instructions are written in
English like language
Machine dependent language
(runs only on one type of
computer)
Machine independent
language (run on different
types of computers and OS)Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Tidak memberikan perbezaan menggunakan kriteria
yang sama.
• Memberikan jawapan yang terlalu ringkas

34. Describe the function of the following:
i. Assembler
[Convert/translate assembly code] [into machine
language]
ii. Compiler
[Translate/convert entire source program (high level
language)][ into object program (machine language)]
iii. Interpreter
[Translate/convert the instruction] [line by line] as the
program is runningKesilapan pelajar:
• Tidak memasukkan keyword dalam jawapan
INTRO TO PROGRAMMING

35. INTRO TO PROGRAMMING
Describe five steps in problem solving
Steps in problem solving
Problem analysis
Design a solution
Implementation
Testing
Documentation
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Keliru dengan SDLC.
• Memberikan jawapan mengikut turutan yang salah
(*jawapan perlu mengikut turutan yang betul)

36. IPO – algorithm diberi
Cth:
Given the following algorithm, identify the input, process and
output.
1. Tidak dapat mengenal pasti proses :
If integer mod 2 = 0 then
Display ‘the number is even”
Else
Display ‘the number is odd”
Start
Read integer
If integer mod 2 = 0 then
Display “the number is even”
Else
Display “the number is odd”
End
Menulis
semula
Apa
yang

37. IPO – algorithm diberi
Cth:
Given the following algorithm, identify the input, process and
output.
1. Tidak dapat mengenal pasti proses :
To determine whether the number is odd or even
2. Menulis output yang salah : “the number is even”,
“the number is odd”
Start
Read integer
If integer mod 2 = 0 then
Display “the number is even”
Else
Display “the number is odd”
End
Kenal pasti
jenis
Control
structure

38. IPO – algorithm diberi
Cth:
Given the following algorithm, identify the input, process and
output.
1. Tidak dapat mengenal pasti proses :
To determine whether the number is odd or even
2. Menulis output yang salah : “the number is
even”or “the number is odd”
Start
Read integer
If integer mod 2 = 0 then
Display “the number is even”
Else
Display “the number is odd”
End
Kenal pasti jenis
Control structure

39. IPO – given scenario
Cth:
By considering the following scenarios, identify the input,
process and output.
Scenario 1: Calculate and display the perimeter of cuboid.
Formula tidak diberi!!!!
1. Input berdasarkan kepada formula. Formula yang
simple mesti tahu
2. Kenalpasti proses : control structure yang
digunakan???
calculate perimeter of cuboid/calculate perimeter

40. IPO – given scenario
Cth:
By considering the following scenarios, identify the input,
process and output.
Scenario 2: Calculate and display Ahmad’s age.
Apa yang perlu tahu atau cari???
1. Kenalpasti proses : control structure yang
digunakan???
calculate perimeter of cuboid/calculate perimeter
2. Berapa output diperlukan

41. IPO – sequence control structure
I : Senaraikan apa yang diberi atau akan
digunakan bagi menyelesaikan masalah
P: To calculate…/ to compute….
O: Bergantung kepada hasil calculation/atau
dari soalan

42. IPO – selection control structure
I : Senaraikan apa yang diberi atau akan
digunakan bagi menyelesaikan masalah
P: To determine…
O: kemungkinan ada dua atau lebih output
output1 or output2

43. WRITE PSEUDOCODE
Waie bought several books from Popular Book Store.
Calculate the amount he needs to pay if each book offers
25% discount and 6% GST.
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Formula silap. GST 6% sepatutnya dikenakan terhadap harga
selepas diskaun 25%
• Kesilapan mencari harga selepas diskaun dengan menggunakan
formula:
price after discount = total price x 0.25.
• Kesilapan mencari harga selepas GST dengan meggunakan
formula:
Amount paid= 0.06 x price after discount.

44. WRITE PSEUDOCODE
Given a list of daily temperature for a certain number of
days, design a program to determine the maximum
temperature. The first input is the number of days
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Variable tidak diinitialized .Cth: max_temperature .

45. WRITE PSEUDOCODE
1. Kenalpasti jenis control structure dalam soalan.
Bagaimana??
Cth:
You are asked to calculate the area of shaded area of two circles
in FIGURE 1.
» Cari keyword dalam soalan: calculate shaded
area
» Diberi dua circles: cari circle besar tolak circle
kecil
» Kena cari area circle besar dan circle kecil
» Control structure??? Sequence
» Kenalpasti IPO
r1
r2

46. WRITE PSEUDOCODE
Identify what type of control structure for each of this
question
1. Calculate the perimeter of a circle.
2. Calculate the perimeter of two circles. Determine which
circle has the larger perimeter. Display appropriate
message.
3. Calculate the perimeter of 200 circles. Determine which
circle has the larger perimeter. Display appropriate
message.
 Kenalpasti keyword- sequence, selection dan looping
 Highlight keyword

47. DRAW FLOWCHART
1. Menggunakan simbol yang salah
2. Tidak membeza antara input dan output. Penulisan
read/input/get dan display/output/print
number
number
input number

48. DRAW FLOWCHART
3. Tidak menggunakan arrow untuk menunjukkan
flowline
4. Tidak melengkapkan flowchart untuk selection
control structure
5. Tidak menulis Y/N atau T/F pada decision
symbol bagi selection atau looping control
structure
6. Tidak membezakan antara display message dan
nilai

49. DRAW FLOWCHART
Kesilapan Pelajar:
• Flow chart tergantung.

50. Start
(a)
marks ≥80?
(c)
(e)
Print “Grade F”,”FAIL”
(b)
(d)
(f)
End
FLOWCHART BUNUH DIRI!!!!

53. WRITE C++ STATEMENT
Cth:
Convert the temperature in Fahrenheit (F) to Celcius (C)
using the formula:
𝐶 =
5
9
(𝐹 − 32) [2 marks]
1. Terlupa memasukkan tanda * pada expression
2. Membahagikan 5/9 = 0 (integer/integer = integer)
3. Pelbagai jawapan boleh diterima - 5 ∗ (𝐹 − 32)/9 atau 5.0
9 * (F-
32)
4. Tidak meletakkan semicolon diakhir statement
Gantikan integer kepada float supaya hasil bahagi tidak menjadi 0

54. WRITE C++ STATEMENT
Cth:
Print “Too Many” if the variable count exceeds 100.
[2 marks]
1. Silap menulis nama variable – variable count
2. Tidak faham maksud exceeds 100
i. count >= 100
ii. count => 100
3. Tidak menggunakan “ “ bila menulis “Too Many”
4. Tidak meletakkan semicolon diakhir statement
Jumlah markah = 2 marks so ada dua statement sahaja

55. WRITE C++ STATEMENT
Declare a variable name sum to store a floating
point value and initialize it to 0
Initialize:
tentukan nilai
awal kepada
variable
tersebut.
Declare:
tentukan data
type kepada
variable yang
digunakan

56. WRITE C++ STATEMENT
Cth:
Declare a constant named PI, where the value is 3.14.
[2 marks]
1. Terlupa tulis perkataan const – const float PI =3.14;
2. Terlupa tulis data type - const float PI =3.14;
3. Menulis huruf kecil bagi perkataan pi - PI
4. Tidak meletakkan semicolon diakhir statement
Jumlah markah = 2 marks so ada dua statement sahaja

57. DETERMINE ERROR IN A PROGRAM
Type of errors:
1. Syntax errors : error that occurs during compilation.
Syntax errors result from errors in code construction such
as mistyping a keyword, omitting punctuation, missing one
of the braces.
2. Runtime errors: error that cause a program to terminate
abnormally. For example division by zero. When the
divisor is zero for integer division.
3. Logic errors: a program does not perform the way it
should be. For example you want to calculate the
perimeter of rectangle but instead you use formula to

58. COMMON ERRORS
1. Missing punctuation :
 cout<<“total marks”
 int num1, num2, num3
 for (num1=1,num1<=10,num1=num1+1)
 Missing curly braces : open/close (before end of program)
 Missing # before include <iostream>
 Missing double quote when using string: “Num” and Num
 Missing single quote for a character: ‘s’ , ‘S’
2. Use different case for variable : num and Num
3. Does not declare all the variables used
4. Using wrong assignment statement: num1+num2 = num

59. SOLVE EXPRESSION BASED ON
PRECEDENCE
Suppose a, b and c are integer variables that have been
assigned values a =8, b = 3 and c = 5. Determine the value
of each of the following arithmetic expressions
1. 2 * b + 3 (a – c)
2. a * b / c
• Tentukan precedence dan data type bagi variable yang
diberi
• Selesaikan mengikut precedence yang telah ditentukan
• Jawapan akhir rujuk balik kepada soalan samada data
type adalah integer atau float.
2. 46 % 9 + 4 * 4 - 2

60. MATHEMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN C++
EXPRESSIONS
Write the following mathematic expressions in C++
expressions.
1. result =
𝑎
𝑏+𝑐+𝑑
2. value = x2 + y2
1. Selesaikan berdasarkan precedence dan associavity
2. Left to right jika sama precedence
3. Berhati-hati dengan penggunaan operator division
multiplication. Symbol yang digunakan adalah lain dari
matematik

61. CONVERT FOR LOOP TO WHILE
LOOP
int n;
int m = 10;
for ( n=1; n < m; n = n + 1)
{
cout << m << end;
m = m – 2;
}

62. CONVERT for LOOP TO while LOOP
int n;
int m = 10;
for ( n=1; n < m; n = n
+ 1)
cout << m << end;
m = m – 2;

63. CONVERT for LOOP TO while
LOOP
double total = 0.0, num;
for (int count = 0; count < 10; count++) {
cout << "Enter a number: ";
cin >> num;
total = total+num;
}

64. CONVERT while LOOP TO for
LOOP
int x = 50;
while (x > 0) {
cout << x << “ seconds to go.n”;
x=x -1;
}

65. FIND OUTPUT: SEQUENCE
cout<<"I love Computer Science"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"I enjoy learning Computer Science"<<endl;
cout<<"n";
cout<<"n";
cout<<"n";
cout<<"Yeah!"<<endl;
* Penggunaan n dan endl

66. FIND OUTPUT: SEQUENCE
1. Tidak trace instruction by instruction
2. Tidak menunjukkan pengiraan pada instruction
berkenaan
3. Mengeluarkan output yang salah
4. Menggunakan data type yang
salah
Trace the following program and give the output.

67. FIND OUTPUT: SEQUENCE
Trace the following program and give the output.
Assume the input is 40 and 50

68. FIND OUTPUT: SELECTION
What is the output for the following program segment?
int a =5, b=8, d=15, c=6, e=10, f=3, z;
z = (a * (b – (c – 11 /d) + (e % f * 5)));
cout<< z << endl;
if (z > pow (b, 2))
z = z + 1;
else
z = z -1;
cout << z;

69. FIND OUTPUT: LOOPING
Determine output of the following program segment.
int counter =0;
while (counter <= 7)
{
cout<<counter;
counter = counter + 2;
}
int counter =0;
while (counter <= 7)
counter = counter + 2;
cout<<counter;
* Perbezaan output disebabkan oleh curly braces

70. FIND OUTPUT LOOPING
m=0;
for ( i=1; i<=4; i = i + 1)
{
cout<< “Enter any number”;
cin>>n;
if ( m < n)
m=n;
}
cout << m;
What is the output if the following values are entered? Show your
working.
5, -4, 10, 3
Apa maksud ayat
ini?

71. Find output looping
Assume the input is 8 Nilai input
diberi.

72. WRITE PROGRAM
SEGMENT/FRAGMENT
1. Hanya tulis bermula dari body
Cth:
Write a program segment to find the remainder of two
numbers.
cout<<“Enter the 1st numbert”;
cin>>num1;
cout<<“Enter the 2nd numbert”;
cin>>num2;
cout<<“Remainder of “<<num1<<“ and “<<num2<<“ is
“<<rem;

73. WRITE PROGRAM
SEGMENT/FRAGMENT
1. Menulis full program – membuang masa
2. Tidak perlu buat declaration
3. Selalu terlupa menulis {} bila menggunakan
while/for loop dan selection
4. Nama variable tidak konsisten- case
sensitive
5. Penggunaan operator untuk multiplication
6. Terlupa menulis ; di setiap akhir C++

74. WRITE PROGRAM
SEGMENT/FRAGMENT
Undeclared Variables
Uninitialized variables
Every variable must
be declared for its
type, before it is used

75. WRITE PROGRAM
SEGMENT/FRAGMENT
Using a single equal sign to check equality
Setting a variable that is not input yet
No input for a and b,
sum will equal an
unknown random
number, no matter
what the user inputs.
Use = (equal sign) assign the
value on the right side of the
expression to the variable on
the left hand side
Use == to check for equality
Berhati-hati dengan
penggunaan relational operator

76. WRITE PROGRAM
SEGMENT/FRAGMENT
Unit Cents per Unit
First 100 20
Next 200 25
Each extra unit 28
Your friend has to write a program to calculate electricity
bills. She asked for your help to draw the flowchart and
pseudocode. The payable sum is calculated using this
table.
Units used are based on meter reading.
Example: If previous reading is 2300, current reading is
2800, the payable sum is RM126.00. Help your friend solve
this problem.

82. WRITE PROGRAM
SEGMENT/FRAGMENT
Questions:
1. Write a program segment that reads fifty
grades and calculates the average.
2. Write a program segment that reads
grades and calculates the average.
Program terminated when -1 entered.

83. WRITE A PROGRAM
1. Terlupa menulis declaration bagi semua variable yang
digunakan
2. Tidak initialize variable contohnya sum
3. Terlupa menulis update value apabila menggunakan
counter-controlled looping
4. Tidak dapat membezakan antara penggunaan if dan
while
5. TIDAK DAPAT MEMBEZAKAN CONTROL
STRUCTURE DALAM SOALAN