Technology of gene .pptx
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Gene transplantation is a method to select genes from cells using recombinant DNA techniques, manipulate the genes, and introduce them into other organisms to provide benefits. The process involves isolating the gene of interest using restriction endonucleases, producing hybrid DNA by combining the gene with a vector like a virus or plasmid, and incorporating the recombinant DNA into a recipient cell where it can be cloned. Restriction endonucleases recognize specific DNA sequences and cleave DNA into fragments that can be used in gene transplantation by separating fragments on gels according to molecular weight.
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Recombinant DNA.1.ppt
Recombinant DNA technology involves taking genes from one organism and introducing them into another. The key steps are:
1. Isolating the desired DNA fragment and cutting it with restriction enzymes.
2. Inserting the fragment into a cloning vector, such as a plasmid, by ligating the DNA pieces together.
3. Introducing the recombinant DNA into a host organism, usually bacteria, through a process called transformation. The host then replicates and expresses the inserted gene.
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This document discusses recombinant DNA technology (RDT), including its key steps and applications. RDT involves manipulating DNA sequences to produce chimeric DNA molecules using genetic engineering techniques. Restriction endonucleases are used to cut DNA at specific sequences. Vectors like plasmids, bacteriophages and cosmids are used to insert and replicate foreign DNA. RDT has applications like producing therapeutic proteins, vaccines, gene therapy and understanding disease mechanisms. It has revolutionized biology and medicine.
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Restriction enzymes cut DNA fragments at specific sites, leaving sticky or blunt ends. DNA ligase then joins the ends of DNA fragments together. Recombinant DNA technology uses these enzymes to isolate a gene of interest, cut it and a vector DNA, and join them via ligation to produce recombinant DNA that can be introduced into a host for replication. This allows for genetic analysis and applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry.
RDNA TECQ.pptx ghfgdfhgjgjgjgghghgghbhbh
Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA from different sources and inserting it into a host organism. Key tools used include restriction enzymes to cut DNA, vectors to carry inserted DNA, and host organisms like bacteria. The process involves selecting a DNA insert, integrating it into a vector, transforming a host, and having the host express the inserted DNA. Applications include producing human insulin, vaccines, herbicide-resistant crops, and diagnosing HIV.
Gene Cloning.ppt
DNA cloning is the process of making multiple, identical copies of a particular piece of DNA.
DNA cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of DNA, such as a gene.
In a typical cloning experiment, a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid.
The plasmid is introduced into bacteria via a process called transformation, and bacteria carrying the plasmid are selected using antibiotics.
Bacteria with the correct plasmid are used to make more plasmid DNA or, in some cases, induced to express the gene and make protein.
BASIC STEPS OF GENE CLONING are :
1. Cutting and pasting DNA and Vectors
2. Bacterial transformation and selection
3.Grow up lots of plasmid-carrying bacteria and use them as "factories" to make the protein. Harvest the protein from the bacteria and purify it
Basic Requirements for Gene Cloning:
Cloning Vectors
Isolation Procedure for DNA fragment and Vectors
Appropriate Enzyme for Purified DNA manipulation
Host Cells
Agar with Antibiotics
Vectors for Gene Cloning: Plasmid and Bacteriophage :
Characteristic of a Vector for Gene cloning
It must be able to replicate with in the host cells
It needs to be small , Ideally less than 10 kb in size
Two kind of DNA molecule that satisfy the above criteria can be found in bacterial cells, namely Plasmid and Bacteriophage chromosomes
Plasmid:Is a circular molecule of DNA that lead un independent existence in the bacteria cells.
Bacteriophages, or phages are viruses that specifically
infect bacteria.
Characteristic of a Vector for Gene cloning
It must be able to replicate with in the host cells
It needs to be small , Ideally less than 10 kb in size
Two kind of DNA molecule that satisfy the above criteria can be found in bacterial cells, namely Plasmid and Bacteriophage chromosomes
Plasmid:Is a circular molecule of DNA that lead un independent existence in the bacteria cells.
Bacteriophages, or phages are viruses that specifically
infect bacteria.
Characteristic of a Vector for Gene cloning
It must be able to replicate with in the host cells
It needs to be small , Ideally less than 10 kb in size
Two kind of DNA molecule that satisfy the above criteria can be found in bacterial cells, namely Plasmid and Bacteriophage chromosomes
Plasmid:Is a circular molecule of DNA that lead un independent existence in the bacteria cells.
Bacteriophages, or phages are viruses that specifically
infect bacteria.
The procedure for total DNA preparation from a culture of bacterial cells can be divided into four stages (Figure 3.1):
A culture of bacteria is grown and then harvested.
The cells are broken open to release their contents.
This cell extract is treated to remove all components except the DNA.
The resulting DNA solution is concentrated
Treatment with EDTA and lysozyme is carried out in the presence
of sucrose, which prevents the cells from bursting immediately.
7. recombinant DNA.pptx
Recombinant DNA technology involves combining genetic material from different sources to produce artificial DNA. It involves selecting a desired gene, inserting it into a vector like a plasmid, and introducing the recombinant DNA into a host organism. Key tools include restriction enzymes, which cut DNA at specific sites; DNA ligase, which joins DNA fragments; and polymerase, which copies DNA. Vectors contain features like an origin of replication, selectable markers, and cloning sites to carry and integrate foreign DNA into the host. The process involves isolating DNA, cutting it with enzymes, amplifying the gene, ligating it to a vector, transforming the recombinant DNA into a host, and expressing the gene product. Recombinant DNA technology has applications in
Genetic recombination and genetic engineering
Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen created the first recombinant DNA molecule in 1973, proving that genetic engineering is possible. Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger then developed methods to determine DNA sequences. This allowed genes to be isolated, identified, and induced to express proteins in host cells. Recombinant DNA techniques have revolutionized biology and medicine by precisely modifying genetic endowments and producing clinically useful proteins. The techniques involve using restriction enzymes to cut DNA fragments for insertion into cloning vectors like plasmids, which are then replicated in host cells to amplify the gene of interest.
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Recombinant DNA technology involves taking genes from one organism and introducing them into another. The key steps are:
1. Isolating the desired DNA fragment and cutting it with restriction enzymes.
2. Inserting the fragment into a cloning vector, such as a plasmid, by ligating the DNA pieces together.
3. Introducing the recombinant DNA into a host organism, usually bacteria, through a process called transformation. The host then replicates and expresses the inserted gene.
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This document discusses recombinant DNA technology (RDT), including its key steps and applications. RDT involves manipulating DNA sequences to produce chimeric DNA molecules using genetic engineering techniques. Restriction endonucleases are used to cut DNA at specific sequences. Vectors like plasmids, bacteriophages and cosmids are used to insert and replicate foreign DNA. RDT has applications like producing therapeutic proteins, vaccines, gene therapy and understanding disease mechanisms. It has revolutionized biology and medicine.
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This document discusses recombinant DNA technology, including defining key terms like restriction endonucleases, sticky ends, blunt ends, cloning, vectors, gene therapy, and DNA libraries. It describes how restriction enzymes cut DNA, how sticky and blunt ends are joined, the role of plasmids, bacteriophages and cosmids as vectors, and applications of recombinant DNA technology such as producing insulin to treat diabetes.
Enzymes and r DNA technology
Restriction enzymes cut DNA fragments at specific sites, leaving sticky or blunt ends. DNA ligase then joins the ends of DNA fragments together. Recombinant DNA technology uses these enzymes to isolate a gene of interest, cut it and a vector DNA, and join them via ligation to produce recombinant DNA that can be introduced into a host for replication. This allows for genetic analysis and applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry.
RDNA TECQ.pptx ghfgdfhgjgjgjgghghgghbhbh
Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA from different sources and inserting it into a host organism. Key tools used include restriction enzymes to cut DNA, vectors to carry inserted DNA, and host organisms like bacteria. The process involves selecting a DNA insert, integrating it into a vector, transforming a host, and having the host express the inserted DNA. Applications include producing human insulin, vaccines, herbicide-resistant crops, and diagnosing HIV.
Gene Cloning.ppt
DNA cloning is the process of making multiple, identical copies of a particular piece of DNA.
DNA cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of DNA, such as a gene.
In a typical cloning experiment, a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid.
The plasmid is introduced into bacteria via a process called transformation, and bacteria carrying the plasmid are selected using antibiotics.
Bacteria with the correct plasmid are used to make more plasmid DNA or, in some cases, induced to express the gene and make protein.
BASIC STEPS OF GENE CLONING are :
1. Cutting and pasting DNA and Vectors
2. Bacterial transformation and selection
3.Grow up lots of plasmid-carrying bacteria and use them as "factories" to make the protein. Harvest the protein from the bacteria and purify it
Basic Requirements for Gene Cloning:
Cloning Vectors
Isolation Procedure for DNA fragment and Vectors
Appropriate Enzyme for Purified DNA manipulation
Host Cells
Agar with Antibiotics
Vectors for Gene Cloning: Plasmid and Bacteriophage :
Characteristic of a Vector for Gene cloning
It must be able to replicate with in the host cells
It needs to be small , Ideally less than 10 kb in size
Two kind of DNA molecule that satisfy the above criteria can be found in bacterial cells, namely Plasmid and Bacteriophage chromosomes
Plasmid:Is a circular molecule of DNA that lead un independent existence in the bacteria cells.
Bacteriophages, or phages are viruses that specifically
infect bacteria.
Characteristic of a Vector for Gene cloning
It must be able to replicate with in the host cells
It needs to be small , Ideally less than 10 kb in size
Two kind of DNA molecule that satisfy the above criteria can be found in bacterial cells, namely Plasmid and Bacteriophage chromosomes
Plasmid:Is a circular molecule of DNA that lead un independent existence in the bacteria cells.
Bacteriophages, or phages are viruses that specifically
infect bacteria.
Characteristic of a Vector for Gene cloning
It must be able to replicate with in the host cells
It needs to be small , Ideally less than 10 kb in size
Two kind of DNA molecule that satisfy the above criteria can be found in bacterial cells, namely Plasmid and Bacteriophage chromosomes
Plasmid:Is a circular molecule of DNA that lead un independent existence in the bacteria cells.
Bacteriophages, or phages are viruses that specifically
infect bacteria.
The procedure for total DNA preparation from a culture of bacterial cells can be divided into four stages (Figure 3.1):
A culture of bacteria is grown and then harvested.
The cells are broken open to release their contents.
This cell extract is treated to remove all components except the DNA.
The resulting DNA solution is concentrated
Treatment with EDTA and lysozyme is carried out in the presence
of sucrose, which prevents the cells from bursting immediately.
7. recombinant DNA.pptx
Recombinant DNA technology involves combining genetic material from different sources to produce artificial DNA. It involves selecting a desired gene, inserting it into a vector like a plasmid, and introducing the recombinant DNA into a host organism. Key tools include restriction enzymes, which cut DNA at specific sites; DNA ligase, which joins DNA fragments; and polymerase, which copies DNA. Vectors contain features like an origin of replication, selectable markers, and cloning sites to carry and integrate foreign DNA into the host. The process involves isolating DNA, cutting it with enzymes, amplifying the gene, ligating it to a vector, transforming the recombinant DNA into a host, and expressing the gene product. Recombinant DNA technology has applications in
Genetic recombination and genetic engineering
Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen created the first recombinant DNA molecule in 1973, proving that genetic engineering is possible. Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger then developed methods to determine DNA sequences. This allowed genes to be isolated, identified, and induced to express proteins in host cells. Recombinant DNA techniques have revolutionized biology and medicine by precisely modifying genetic endowments and producing clinically useful proteins. The techniques involve using restriction enzymes to cut DNA fragments for insertion into cloning vectors like plasmids, which are then replicated in host cells to amplify the gene of interest.
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This document provides an overview of bacterial genetics. It discusses how DNA carries genetic information that is transcribed into RNA and translated into proteins. It describes DNA and RNA structure, DNA replication, and extrachromosomal genetic elements like plasmids. It also summarizes various genetic mechanisms that allow transmission of genetic material between bacteria like transformation, transduction, conjugation, and transposition. The use of these genetic techniques in applications like genetic engineering, restriction endonucleases, DNA probes, blotting techniques, PCR, and molecular epidemiology is also covered at a high level.
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Recombinant DNA (rDNA) refers to DNA created outside living cells by joining DNA from multiple sources. Common techniques for creating rDNA include restriction enzymes to cut DNA strands, ligation to join strands, and transformation or transfection to introduce rDNA into host cells. Vectors like plasmids, viruses, and artificial chromosomes are often used to replicate and express rDNA in host cells. rDNA techniques have applications in gene cloning, DNA sequencing, genetic engineering of plants and animals, and gene therapy to treat diseases.
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gene clonong its history and application
Gene cloning is the process of locating a gene of interest from an organism's DNA and copying it. The key steps are: 1) Isolating DNA from a cell and cutting it using restriction enzymes. 2) Inserting the gene fragment into a vector such as a plasmid. 3) Transforming host cells like bacteria by introducing the recombinant DNA. PCR plays a role by enabling the synthesis of specific DNA fragments. Gene cloning has many applications including medical research to identify disease genes, producing recombinant proteins for medicines, and creating genetically modified crops.
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in this presentation, what are the steps and strategies involved the gene cloning and i was focused only on the 1st two steps of gene cloning.they are generation of foreign DNA molecules and selection of suitable vectors.
Recombinant dna technology (main ppt)
This document provides an overview of recombinant DNA technology. It discusses the basic principles, which involve generating DNA fragments, inserting a selected fragment into a cloning vector, introducing the vector into host cells, and multiplying the recombinant molecules. Key steps include using restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sites, ligases to join fragments, and various vectors like plasmids and bacteria to clone the DNA. The document also outlines several applications of rDNA technology, such as producing proteins, diagnosing diseases, and developing genetically engineered plants.
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Gene cloning involves making exact copies of a particular gene or DNA sequence using genetic engineering techniques. The key steps are:
1. Isolating the gene of interest from an organism's DNA.
2. Inserting the isolated gene fragment into a vector, such as a plasmid, to form recombinant DNA.
3. Introducing the recombinant DNA into a host cell, usually a bacterium, where it can replicate. As the host cells divide, numerous identical copies of the gene are produced.
Gene cloning is used to isolate and amplify genes, determine nucleotide sequences, identify control sequences and mutations, and engineer organisms for applications like producing insulin or making crops insect-resistant.
11. Biotechnology.ppt
Biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their components to develop products or perform processes for specific use. Recombinant DNA technology uses genetic engineering techniques to create recombinant DNA by cutting and joining DNA molecules containing different genetic material. This allows genes to be transferred between organisms for applications such as producing human insulin or diagnosing diseases. The key steps involve isolating DNA, using restriction enzymes to cut the DNA at specific sites, joining DNA fragments using DNA ligase, and inserting the recombinant DNA into a host cell where it can be replicated through bacterial transformation.
29112019 Sahri Yanti DNA Recombinan Technology
DNA recombinant technology involves manipulating genes in organisms. It uses restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sites, vectors to carry foreign DNA, and host organisms for transformation. The key steps are:
1) Isolating the gene of interest from a library or by synthesis
2) Inserting the gene into a vector like a plasmid using enzymes and ligation
3) Transforming the vector into a host organism through physical or chemical methods
4) Selecting transformed host cells that contain the recombinant DNA
5) Analyzing the new genes and proteins produced by the host.
Recombinant dna technology
Recombinant DNA technology involves transferring genes between organisms using artificial means. It works by combining DNA from different sources into a single molecule. The process involves generating DNA fragments, inserting the fragments into vectors, introducing the vectors into host cells, and selecting clones containing the recombinant DNA. Common tools used include restriction enzymes to cut DNA, vectors like plasmids to carry DNA, bacterial hosts like E. coli, and techniques like transformation and selection to introduce and identify recombinant DNA. Applications include analyzing gene structure, producing pharmaceuticals, genetically modified organisms, and gene therapy.
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Recombinant DNA technology involves manipulating and combining DNA from different species using laboratory techniques. The resulting recombinant DNA can be used to produce large quantities of proteins encoded by genes of interest. Key steps include isolating the desired DNA and vector, combining them to form recombinant DNA, introducing this into a host cell, and causing the host cell to multiply and express the gene to produce the desired protein product. Various tools are used, including restriction enzymes to cut DNA, DNA ligase to join DNA, and polymerases for DNA replication. Common gene transfer techniques include transformation, transduction, electroporation, conjugation, and direct DNA transfer.
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Construction of rDNA molecules and bacterial transformation
Recombinant DNA technology involves introducing genes of interest into the genome of an organism using genetic engineering techniques. This is done by cutting DNA fragments using restriction enzymes, joining the fragments to a vector plasmid, and introducing the recombinant DNA or rDNA into a host cell. The host cell then replicates and produces multiple copies of the rDNA. This allows genes from one species to be introduced into another, such as joining human DNA to E. coli bacteria. The rDNA can then be used to produce beneficial proteins and genetically modified organisms.
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This document provides an overview of recombinant DNA technology (RDT). It discusses the history and discovery of RDT, the key steps involved which include selecting DNA inserts and vectors, introducing the DNA into host cells, and expressing the DNA. Important tools for RDT are described, including restriction enzymes, vectors, and host organisms. Common applications of RDT include producing hormones, medicines, transgenic plants and animals. Ongoing projects utilizing RDT are mentioned.
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Gene cloning involves making exact copies of a particular gene or DNA sequence using genetic engineering techniques. The key steps are:
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3. Introducing the recombinant DNA into a host cell, usually a bacterium, where it can replicate. As the host cells divide, numerous identical copies of the gene are produced.
Gene cloning is used to isolate and amplify genes, determine nucleotide sequences, identify control sequences and mutations, and engineer organisms for applications like producing insulin or making crops insect-resistant.
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Biotechnology refers to the use of living organisms or their components to develop products or perform processes for specific use. Recombinant DNA technology uses genetic engineering techniques to create recombinant DNA by cutting and joining DNA molecules containing different genetic material. This allows genes to be transferred between organisms for applications such as producing human insulin or diagnosing diseases. The key steps involve isolating DNA, using restriction enzymes to cut the DNA at specific sites, joining DNA fragments using DNA ligase, and inserting the recombinant DNA into a host cell where it can be replicated through bacterial transformation.
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Stenocardia, also known as angina pectoris, is a condition caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries which results in a shortage of oxygen to the heart muscle. It causes chest pain or discomfort. The main risk factors are age, sex, obesity, smoking, and diabetes. There are four main types of stenocardia: stable angina, unstable angina, microvascular angina, and Prinzmetal's angina. Stable angina is brought on by activity and relieved by rest, while unstable angina symptoms worsen or occur at rest. Microvascular angina has no arterial blockage and its cause is unknown. Prinzmetal's angina involves coronary artery spasms.
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Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidney that is usually caused by a urinary tract infection spreading back up from the bladder. It can cause flank or back pain, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting and painful urination. It is diagnosed through urinalysis showing white blood cells and urine culture. Treatment involves antibiotics, sometimes administered intravenously, to treat the infection and resolve symptoms within a few days. Complications can include recurrent infections, kidney damage or failure if not properly treated. Prevention involves prompt treatment of urinary tract infections and cystitis, increasing fluid intake and drinking cranberry juice.
Study cardiovascular system
The document discusses the anatomical and physiological features of the cardio-vascular system in children compared to adults. It notes that immediately after birth, the cardiovascular system undergoes intense morphological changes as fetal circulation stops and postnatal circulation begins. It describes the embryological development of the heart and major blood vessels from the 3rd to 8th week of gestation. The heart develops from mesoderm and forms a four-chambered structure by the end of the 7th week. Fetal circulation is also summarized, noting how blood flows from the placenta through the umbilical vein to the liver before mixing with venous blood and circulating to the body. After birth, the six main fetal circulatory structures close off over the first 5
myocardialinfarction
Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to blockage of the coronary arteries, usually due to atherosclerosis. There are different types of infarcts defined by the location and thickness of the heart muscle involved. MI is a major cause of death in industrialized nations, accounting for 10-25% of all deaths, and is more common in elderly males. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and family history. Symptoms include chest pain and discomfort, dyspnea, fatigue, nausea and sweating. Diagnosis involves cardiac enzyme levels, electrocardiogram changes and imaging tests. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medications like
Knowledge and justification
This document discusses sources of knowledge and justification. It outlines several sources of knowledge including perception through the five senses, introspection, memory, and reason. It also discusses theories of knowledge such as sense perception and intuition. The document addresses the problem of knowledge according to Socrates and different kinds of knowledge. Justification is defined as having correct evidence for a belief. Finally, the traditional view of knowledge as justified true belief is presented.
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
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Technology of gene .pptx
- 1. Technology of gene transplantation By Shalini saini
- 2. Gene Transplantation Method to select genes from cells of recombinant DNA, managing those genes and introducing them into other organisms to gain some benefits
- 3. Steps of gene transplantation : 1. Formation of gene with specific properties (encode synthesis of the desired enzyme, hormone ...) • isolation of “gene of interest” from genome of a cell by restriction endonuclease in the form of DNA fragments. • synthesis of a gene (DNA) in the matrix of mRNA using reverse transcriptase (retroviral) • chemical synthesis of wanted gene (short genes only)
- 4. 2. Production of hybrid DNA: It consists of selected genes and specific DNA molecule. It is injected in microorganisms which serves as a vector able to penetrate into recipient cell. Vectors are usually viruses, plasmids, bacteriophages. DNA ligase joins wanted genes and vector and completes the formation of recombinant (hybrid) DNA. 3. The incorporation of recombinant DNA into recipient cell and cloning of a gene
- 5. Restriction Endonuclease Restriction endonucleases are deoxyribonucleases which cleave double-stranded DNA into fragments. All restriction endonucleases recognise short, non-methylated DNA sequences.
- 6. Application of Restriction Endonuclease 1. Restriction endonucleases (class 1 and class 2 ) cleave double-stranded DNA from different positions and generate fragments of random size 2. DNA fragments produced by restriction endonuclease cleavage can be separated on gels according to their molecular weight. The wanted DNA fragments can be used in gene transplantation .