This document discusses various techniques for local anesthesia in dentistry. It describes topical, infiltration, and regional (block) techniques. For the maxilla, it outlines infiltration and block techniques for different tooth regions, including posterior superior alveolar nerve block and infraorbital block. For the mandible, it focuses on inferior alveolar nerve block and long buccal nerve block. It provides guidance on performing various block techniques and notes variations between patients.
Technique of maxillary anesthesia which includes Greater Palatine Nerve Block and Incisive Nerve Block. The reference is of LA Book by Malamed.
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Technique of maxillary anesthesia which includes Greater Palatine Nerve Block and Incisive Nerve Block. The reference is of LA Book by Malamed.
Hope you find it useful.
Please like and share.
Dr, Kathirvel Gopalakrishnan
M.D.S (OMFS)
Presentation on Maxillary nerve block which helps for a quick refresh.
Applied aspects described well and slides contains images for easy understanding of the subject.
Exodontia or Extraction is the painless removal of whole tooth or tooth root with minimal trauma to the investing tissues, so that the wound heals uneventfully and no post-operative prosthetic problem is created.
Dr, Kathirvel Gopalakrishnan
M.D.S (OMFS)
Presentation on Maxillary nerve block which helps for a quick refresh.
Applied aspects described well and slides contains images for easy understanding of the subject.
Exodontia or Extraction is the painless removal of whole tooth or tooth root with minimal trauma to the investing tissues, so that the wound heals uneventfully and no post-operative prosthetic problem is created.
Local Anesthesia in childs , dentistry for adoleclsencehanimortezaeee
injection is the dental procedure that produces the greatest negative response in children.
Topical anesthetics are available in gel, liquid, ointment, and pressurized spray forms. However, the pleasant-tasting and quick-acting liquid, gel, or ointment preparations seem to be preferred by most dentists.
Ethyl aminobenzoate (benzocaine) liquid, ointment, or gel preparations are probably best suited for topical anesthesia in dentistry.
The mucosa at the site of the intended needle insertion is dried with gauze, and a small amount of the topical anesthetic agent is applied to the tissue with a cotton swab. Topical anesthesia usually produces an effect within 30 seconds, although keeping it in place between 2 and 3 minutes may provide the best results
The jet injection instrument is based on the principle that small quantities of liquids forced through very small openings under high pressure can penetrate the mucous membrane or skin without causing excessive tissue trauma.
Jet injection produces surface anesthesia instantly and is used instead of topical anesthetics by some dentists.
The method is quick and essentially painless; however the abruptness of the injection may produce momentary anxiety in the patient. This technique is also useful for obtaining gingival anesthesia before a rubber dam clamp is placed for isolation procedures
INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE BLOCK (CONVENTIONAL MANDIBULAR BLOCK)
the mandibular foramen is situated at a level lower than the occlusal plane of the primary teeth of the pediatric patient. Therefore the injection must be made slightly lower and more posteriorly than for an adult patient.
An accepted technique is one in which the thumb is laid on the occlusal surface of the molar, with the tip of the thumb resting on the internal oblique ridge and the ball of the thumb resting in the retromolar fossa.
The barrel of the syringe should be directed on a plane between the two primary molars on the opposite side of the arch.
The depth of insertion averages about 15 mm but varies with the size of the mandible
Approximately 1 mL of the solution should be deposited around the inferior alveolar ne
Lingual nerve block
One can block the lingual nerve by bringing the syringe to the opposite side with the injection of a small quantity of the solution as the needle is withdrawn. If small amounts of anesthetic are injected during insertion and withdrawal of the needle for the inferior alveolar nerve block, the lingual nerve will invariably be anesthetized as well.
Long buccal nerve block
A small quantity of the solution may be deposited in the mucobuccal fold at a point distal and buccal to the last tooth
All facial mandibular gingival tissue on the side that has been injected will be anesthetized for operative procedures, with the possible exception of the tissue facial to the central and lateral incisors, which may receive innervation from ove
SUPRAPERIOSTEAL TECHNIQUE (LOCAL INFILTRATION) The injection sho
oral surgery - techniques of local anesthesia powerpoint Mustafatj1
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Mandibular Nerve Block - By Dr Saikat Saha Dr Saikat Saha
Mandibular nerve block techniques in short for Dental Surgeons. Mandibular nerve blocks are very important for all dental surgeons as it becomes a part and parcel of all dental and oral surgeons. This presentation will be useful for students of dentistry and doctors.
Similar to Techniques for local anasthesia in dentistry (20)
A lecture for 5th stage dental students.
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Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
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3. Topical ( surface ) anasthesia
• Obtained by application of anasthetic agent to skin
or mucosa to anasthetize superfacial nerve ending
• Its used mainly prior to injection
• Sprays containing appropriate local anasthesia
mostly suitable prior to injection due to its rapid
onset time
7. • Mainly used spray LA consist from 10% lidocaine
hydrochloride .
• The onset of time about 1 minute and the duration about
10 min .
• Ointment 5% lidocaine hydrochloride can be used for the
same purpose but it take 3-4 minutes to produce surface
anasthesia .
• Ethyl chloride spray can be used to produce rapid surface
anasthesia by refrigeration , this technique used mainly
prior to incision of drainage of pus .
10. Subdivided in to several techniques :
a. Submucosal injection
LA solusion deposited just beneath the mucous
membrane , its suitable for soft tissue anasthetization
but not effective for pulp anasthetization
Infiltration anasthesia
11. b. Supra-periosteal injection
• This technique effective in maxilla
• LA solution deposited above the periosteum
• It infiltrate through the periosteum , cortical plate ,
medullary bone and reach nerve fiber , so its used to
anasthetize dental pulp .
• This technique is the most used technique in dentistry
• LA should deposited near the root apex
Infiltration anasthesia
12.
13. c. Sub-periosteal injection
• Here the LA solution deposited between the periosteum
and the cortical plate .
• Its painful technique because periosteum tense and
firmly attached to the cortical bone plate
Infiltration anasthesia
14. Infiltration anasthesia
d. Intra-osseuous injection
• Rarely used technique .
• LA solution deposited within the
medullary bone .
• This procedure carried out by the use of
bone drills and needles especially
designed for this purpose .
17. Regional anasthesia
• Deposition of local anasthetic
solution near a nerve trunk so
producing anasthesia for area
supplied by this nerve .
• It can be used in maxilla but its
main indication in the
mandible because infiltration
technique in the mandible
mainly ineffective due to dense
cortical bone plate .
19. Anasthesia of upper molars teeth
• The pulp of all upper molars innervated by
branches from superior posterior alveolar nerve
(except the mesiobuccal root of first molar )
• Theses nerves also responsible for innervation of
periosteum and buccal gingiva in molars region .
• Deposition of anasthesia close to the nerve after it
leaves its bony canal will produce regional
anasthesia but its rarely used because it carries a
risk of damage to the pterygoid venous plexus
20.
21. Technique for posterior superior
alveolar nerve block
• 1. partially open the patient mouth
• 2. retract the patients cheek
• 3. insert the needle into the height of the
mucobuccal fold over the second molar
• 4. Advance the needle slowly in an upward ,
inward ,and backward direction in one
movement
• 5. deposite anasthetic solution (about 1-1.8
ml) and then withdraw the syringe
22.
23.
24. Infiltration technique
1. Hold the syringe with the long axis of the
tooth
2.Insert the needle into the height of the
mucobuccal fold over the target tooth
3. Advance the needle for a few millimeters and
inject slowly about third the cartidge and then
withdraw the syringe slowly
25. In block technique the whole region supplied by
superior posterior alveolar nerve will be
anasthetize while in infiltration technique a
limited area of specific target tooth will be
anasthetized
26. Anasthesia for upper premolar teeth
• The mesiobuccal root of the upper first molar
and both premolars and buccal supporting
tissue and mucoperiosteum related to them
all are innervated by middle superior alveolar
nerve .
• So infiltration technique to this nerve will be
sufficient to anasthetize all these structures .
27.
28. Anasthesia for upper anterior teeth
The upper anterior teeth and its supporting
tissues and mucoperiosteum related to them
are innervated via anterior superior dental
nerve so infiltration technique will be sufficient
29.
30. Note :
In conservative treatment the pulp only needed
to be anasthetized while in tooth extraction the
pulp , bone ,periosteum and the gingiva (labial
and palatal ) should be anasthetized
31. Anasthesia for palatal mucosa
Palatal mucosa are tense and closely attached
to the underlying bone so :
• Injection will need great pressure
• Injection usually painful . pain can be reduced by
inserting the needle with the bevel facing the bone
and as near as possible at right angle to the vault of
the palat
32.
33. Palatal anasthesia can be achieved by block injection: to the
greater palatine nerve in the posterior part of hard palat
distal to the second molar about 1 cm toward the midline
and
nasopalatine block in the anterior part of hard palat
(incisive foramen) in the midline of the palate ,about 1 cm
posterior to the maxillary central incisor.
Or
by infiltration : in which the solution is deposited in the
palatal tissue adjacent to the target tooth .
Anasthesia for palatal mucosa
37. Infra - orbital block injection
Rarely used because infiltration technique so effective in
maxilla .
Usually indicated when numerous extration or extensive
surgery are to be done in maxillary anterior teeth .
Also indicated when infiltration technique precluded by
presence of infection at the injection site .
This technique provide ansthesia for centrals, lateral
incisors,canine , premolars and supporting structures .
40. Intra-oral approach :
• Most popular technique .
• Infra-orbital ridge palpated and the infraorbital notch
determined .
• Infrorbital foramen lie directly below below this notch
• lip reflectd and long needle inserted in to a depth
about 1.5-2 cm in to the mucous membrane over
second premolar .
• About I ml of LA given
Infra - orbital block injection
41.
42. • Extra oral approach
Infra - orbital block injection
43. Anasthesia of the upper deciduous
teeth
• Infiltration technique highly effective because
the labio-buccal bone plate are thin and
perforated by numerous vascular canals .
• Care should be taken to estimate the length
of roots and depth of injecion.
45. local ansthesia in mandible
• Infiltration techniques are of limited value
due to the dense cortical bone of mandible
• Block technique for inferior alveolar nerve is
the preffered technique
48. Inferior dental block (IDB)
• The success of this technique
depend on the accuracy of
deposition of the solution .
• This technique ansathetize the
inferior alveolar nerve and its
terminal branches (mental and
incisive nerve)
52. Notes
• The dimentions and shape of the mandible may vary in
patients of differing race , size , age so the width of the
ascending ramus and the position of the mandibular
foramen may vary between individuals.
• Its better to palpate the anterior and posterior border of the
ascending ramus by the thumb and index fingers and the
needle directed midway between the two fingers
• Bilateral IDB should be avoided as possible ( patient feel
discomfort , difficulty in swallow and to avoid self injury to
the anasthetized tissues)
• Lingual nerve can be asnasthetized by infiltration technique
by injection of about 0.5 ml of the solution in the lingual
sulcus adjacent to the target tooth
53. Long buccal nerve block
• Can achieved by sub-
mucosal injection of local
ansthesia just posterior and
buccal to the last molar .
• Infiltration technique
achieved by deposition of
the solution in the muco-
buccal fold adjacent to the
target tooth .
54.
55. Notes
• When the long buccal nerve anasthetized the
patient rarely experiences any symptoms due
to the small size of the anasthetized area .
• The depth of penetration of the needle not
more than 2-4 mm .
56. Anasthesia of the lower anterior teeth
lower anterior teeth usually have innervation from
both sides of dental nerve by anastomosing its
terminal branches at these region.
Unilateral IDB usually not enough
Infiltration technique is effective because the labial
bone plate at this region are thinner and more
porous than other parts of mandible .
57.
58. Mental nerve block
• Can be used to anasthetize the premolars,
canine and the incisors of that side
59.
60.
61. Anasthesia of the lower deciduous teeth
Infiltration technique highly effective
62. Thank you for listening , please watch
these videos :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jHlFBg_u_70
And
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wL5m0fE9C6I