The document outlines the evolution of mobile technology, detailing various generations of mobile networks from 2G through 3G, highlighting their introduction years, commercialization locations, frequencies, advantages, and applications. It also predicts the upcoming advancement to 5G technology. Each generation focuses on improvements in connectivity, data speed, and application capabilities.

1. Mobile Technology:
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CellularTechnology

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2nd GENERATION MOBILE NETWORK
Introduced in year
1993
Location of first commercialization
Finland
Supports
Voice only
Operating frequencies
900, 1800 MHz
Band (Frequency) type
Narrow band
Advantage
Digital voice service
Advanced messaging
Global roaming
Circuit-switched data
Applications
Telephone
Email
SMS
Digital Text Delivery
Multiple Address/Access system
TDMA Switching type
Circuit switching
Speed (data rates)
14.4 kbps
Features
Voice only Technology
GSM
(Global System for
Mobile communication)

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2nd GENERATION (enhanced) MOBILE NETWORK
Introduced in year
1995
Location of first commercialization
Hong Kong
Supports
Voice only
Operating frequencies
800 MHz
Band (Frequency) type
Narrow band
Advantage
Digital voice service
Advanced messaging
Global roaming
Circuit-switched data
Applications
Telephone
Email
SMS
Digital Text Delivery
Multiple Address/Access system
CDMA
Switching type
Circuit switching
Speed (data rates)
14.4 kbps
Features
Voice only Technology
IS-95

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2.5 GENERATION MOBILE NETWORK
Introduced in year
2000
Location of first commercialization
Worldwide
Supports
Data
Operating frequencies
850, 900, 1800, 1900
MHz
Band (Frequency) type
Narrow band
Advantage
Extension of GSM
Always-on connectivity
Packet-switched data
Applications
Mobile Banking
Voicemail, Web
Mobile Audio Player
Digital Newspaper Publishing
Digital Audio Delivery
Mobile Radio, Karaoke
Push Marketing/ Targeted programs
Location-based services
Mobile coupons
Multiple Address/Access system
FDD, TDMA Switching type
Circuit & packet switching
Speed (data rates)
20-40 kbps
Features
Voice only Technology
GSM
(Global System for
Mobile communication)

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2.75 GENERATION MOBILE NETWORK
Introduced in year
2003
Location of first commercialization
USA
Supports
Data
Operating frequencies
900, 1800
MHz
Band (Frequency) type
Narrow band
Advantage
Extension of GSM
Always-on connectivity
Faster than GPRS
Applications
Mobile Banking
Voicemail, Web
Mobile Audio Player
Digital Newspaper Publishing
Digital Audio Delivery
Mobile Radio, Karaoke
Push Marketing/ Targeted programs
Location-based services
Mobile coupons
Multiple Address/Access system
FDD, TDMA Switching type
Circuit & packet switching
Speed (data rates)
144 kbps
Features
Voice only Technology
GSM
(Global System for
Mobile communication)

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2.75 GENERATION (enhanced) MOBILE NETWORK
Introduced in year
2000
Location of first commercialization
South Korea
Supports
Data
Operating frequencies
450, 700, 800, 1700, 1900, AWS, 2100
MHz
Band (Frequency) type
Narrow band
Advantage
Extension of GSM
Always-on connectivity
Faster than GPRS
Applications
Mobile Banking
Voicemail, Web
Mobile Audio Player
Digital Newspaper Publishing
Digital Audio Delivery
Mobile Radio, Karaoke
Push Marketing/ Targeted programs
Location-based services
Mobile coupons
Multiple Address/Access system
FDD, CDMA Switching type
Circuit & packet switching
Speed (data rates)
50-80 kbps
Features
Voice only Technology
CDMA2000

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3rd GENERATION MOBILE NETWORK
Introduced in year
2001
Location of first commercialization
Japan
Supports
Data
Operating frequencies
450, 700, 800, 1700, 1900, AWS, 2100 MHz
Band (Frequency) type
Wideband
Advantage
Always-on connectivity
Global roaming
IP-enabled
Applications
Mobile Videoconferencing
Video Phone/Mail
Remote Medical Diagnosis and Education
Mobile TV/Video Player
Advanced Car Navigation/ City Guides
Digital Catalog Shopping
Digital Audio/Video
Multiple Address/Access system
FDD, CDMA Switching type
Circuit & packet switching
Speed (data rates)
384 kbps
Features
Voice only Technology
UMTS

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Humankind’s eagerness to communicate has paved the way for
innovations and metamorphosed the way we lead our lives. One such
path-breaking innovation was the use of radio waves to carry voice.
Soon the fifth generation advanced cellular technology will emerge:
5G.
Evolution of cellular technology:
Journey toward 5G
Read article !