its explains different teaching methods of environmental education and this includes project method,discussion method,demonstration method

1. SEMINAR
TOPIC :– TEACHING METHODS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION –
DISCUSSION, DEMONSTRATION, PROJECT

2. CONTENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
TEACHING METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
DISCUSSION METHOD
MEANING
IMPORTANCE
TYPES
DISCUSSION COULD BE INITIATED THROUGH:
STEPS FOR USING DISCUSSION METHOD
A DISCUSSION COULD BE EFFECTIVE BY:
ROLE OF TEACHER
SUGGESTED GD TOPICS
DEMONSTRATION METHOD
HOW EFFECTIVELY EXECUTE?
CHARECTERISTICS OF A GOOD DEMONSTRATION
ADVANTAGES
PROJECT METHOD
DEFINITION
PRINCIPLES
STEPS
CHARECTERISTICS
A FEW EXAMPLES OF PROJECT IN EE:
ROLE OF TEACHER
CONCLUSION

3. ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION
Environmental education is a process of
developing awareness, positive attitudes
and a will to act in an appropriate manner
towards the environment

4. TEACHING METHODS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL RDUCATION
1 .DISCUSSION METHOD
2 .DEMONSTRATION METHOD
3 .PROJECT METHOD

5. 1.DISCUSSION METHOD

6. DISCUSSION METHOD
oIt is a teaching strategy generally adopted to
promote team work and develop critical thinking
and analytical abilities, and positive attitudes
among learners.
oThe environmental issues or problems to be
discussed by the students could be presented
through films or slide shows or explained by the
teacher.

7. MEANING OF DISCUSSION
Discussion is an activity in which persons indulge in
verbal interaction over a topic. As a purposeful
activity , it involves consideration of the
relationships in a topic/problem under study and
these relationships are analyzed, compared and
evaluated to arrive at conclusions.

8. IMPORTANCE OF DISCUSSION METHOD
Understand the issue or question being raised
React or respond to the views/ideas of others
Participate in guided and orderly learning
Communicate views/ideas supported with reasons
Clarifying values
Evaluate arguments and change one’s own value
position if necessary

9. Analyses an issue critically
Express individual opinions, ideas,
views, without inhibition
Change one’s own attitude
Identify alternatives for resolving an
issue or a problem
Develop ability to react and respond
to the views of others

10. TYPES OF DISCUSSION
TEACHER
INITIATED
DISCUSSION
STUDENT
INITIATED
DISCUSSION
PANEL
DISCUSSION
SYMPOSIUM

11. TEACHER INITIATED
DISCUSSION

12. STUDENT INITIATED DISCUSSION

13. PANEL DISCUSSION

14. SYMPOSIUM

15. DISCUSSION COULD BE INITIATED
THROUGH:
oThe teacher introducing a topic or problem or situation
oThe students called to describe a scene or situation
oIdeas/views expressed in newspapers/periodicals
oFilms or video tapes played as a forerunner.
oPoints arising from panel discussion, open forums and
symposia

16. STEPS FOR USING DISCUSSION METHOD
STEP-1 Identification of the problem, outlining its
significance , scope and nature
STEP-2 Analyzing the problem through free
exchange of ideas and solutions
STEP-3 Arriving at solutions ,formulations of
recommendations or resolutions and
drafting of the report
STEP-4 Finalizing the report, sharing and effecting
modifications

17. A DISCUSSION COULD BE EFFECTIVE BY:
Stimulating and sustaining the interest of
the participants
Stating the expected outcomes of the
discussion
Creating an atmosphere for freewheeling of
ideas
Clarifying doubts and asking for
explanation if necessary

18. Inviting interpretations and avoiding
arguments
Providing scope for evaluating facts and
points of views summarizing the details
Emphasizing important points
Honoring differences of opinion and
honest views
Concluding the discussions the various
ideas / points discussed

20. Formulating a topic for discussion and delimiting its scope
Encouraging active participation from each member
Directing the discussion through appropriate questions
Training students in planning , organizing and conducting
similar discussions
Creating an atmosphere for freewheeling of
ideas/expressions
Avoiding personality clashers and domination by any one
student/group during discussion

21. SUGGESTED GD TOPICS
Leakage in water pipes and sewage pipes
Issue of licenses to construct tall buildings
Water pollution in sea
Disposal of garbage
Inadequate facilities for dumping waste
Problem of endosulfan pollution in
kasargod

22. 2. DEMONSTRATION METHOD

23. Demonstration is another useful teaching
method which is employed environmental
education.
Demonstration means showing how
something is to be done or not to be done.
Through demonstration a teacher presents
a task requiring some skill before the
students.
demonstrations are most effective when
followed by a student – activity.

24. HOW EFFECTIVELY EXECUTE?
PLAN ,PLAN ,PLAN
USE TRAINING AIDS
‘HANDS ON’ PRACTICE

25. CHARECTERISTICS OF A GOOD
DEMONSTRATION
All pupils should be able to observe the
demonstration
Apparatus, specimens, models etc. used should be
as possible and graduation in any instrument used
should be prominent
Attention must be given to the adequate lighting of
the demonstration table
Make sure that all the materials and illustrations
are nearby when the demonstration begins
Apparatus should be arranged in the proper order

26. Before demonstration adequate and
specific instructions for observations
must be given to pupils
For recording the data pupils should be
given sufficient time
There must be an element of curiosity
,anticipation or surprise associated with
the demonstration
A black board behind the demonstration
table will facilitate summarizing the
related principles and key concepts in time.

27. ADVANTAGES
SEVERAL
SENSES
DIRECT
EXPERIANCES
TEACHER IS
PRESENT
IDEAS AND
CONCEPTS
STEP BY STEP
QUALITY OF
OBSERVATION
PRACTICAL,INTE
LLECTUAL AND
COMMUNICATI
ON SKILLS
PRESENTS
REALITY
STIMULATE
INTEREST
ATTENTION
CATCHING

28. 3.PROJECT METHOD

29. It is one of the methods employed for
strengthening outdoor education studies.
it usually involves investigation for learning about
the environment and its problems.
A project may include a series of related problems
and could cover a small portion of the subject
matter or a few units of the course.
The project method of teaching builds a unit
around an activity that is carried out in the school
or outside.

30. DEFINITION
J A STEVENSON ,
“The project method is a problematic
act carried to completion in its natural
setting”

31. PRINCIPLES OF THE PROJECT
METHOD
1.PURPOSE
2.ACTIVITY
3.UTILITY
4.FREEDOM
5.FEASIBILITY

32. STEPS
1.Providing a situation
2.Choosing and purposing
3.Planning
4.Executing the project
5.Evaluating the project
6.Recording

33. CARECTERISTICS OF PROJECT METHOD
A project contributes to stimulating interest ,
satisfying curiosity, developing scientific attitude,
critical thinking and a scientific bent of mind.
It helps increase one’s confidence in the subject.
It encourages independent investigation by
learners and offers scope for involvement of the
community and its resources.
It may be carried out by students individually or in
groups .

34. Investigatory skills including observation ,collection
of samples ,information from several sources for
arriving at conclusions or inferences and
preparations of reports
The confidence needed to present information to
the community and to approach the community
and different agencies for information .
collective thinking and team work
skills of arguing the view point developed from the
study

35. Ability to take appropriate action either
individually or through community to
protect the environment.
courage to speak for the right cause,
free from prejudices.
The qualities of self- confidence, self-
dependence , risk taking behavior.

36. A FEW EXAMPLES OF PROJECT IN EE:
1. Effect of a cheap detergent on hands and
cloths
2. Why is there drinking water shortage in
Kerala , although it receives good rain fall
3. Effect of chemical fertilizers on plants and
plant products
4. Study of traffic census
5. A study of the disposal of house hold wastes
in a town or a city
6. Investigating patterns of agricultural
practices in a rural community

37. ROLE OF THE TEACHER
He should provide occasions for every student to
come forward and contribute something towards
the success of the project.
He should be alert all the time to see that the project
is running on it’s right tracks.
He should thoroughly study the abilities ,interests,
aptitudes ,etc . of each individual student so as to
allot them suitable works relating to the project.
He should create and maintain a democratic
atmosphere so that the students can express
themselves freely without any fear or hesitation.
He should always be a friend, guide, and working
partner

38. CONCLUTION
The most environmental education teaching methods are
Discussion method, Demonstration method , Project
method . Discussion is a teaching strategy generally adopted
to promote team work and develop critical thinking and
analytical abilities, and positive attitudes among learners.
Through demonstration method a teacher presents a task
requiring some skill before the students. The project method
contributes to stimulating interest , satisfying curiosity,
developing scientific attitude, critical thinking and a
scientific bent of mind . These three methods help to
teaching – learning strategies in environmental education.